2. WHAT IS A DISEASE ?
A pathological condition of a part,
organ, or system of an organism
resulting from various causes,
such as infection, genetic defect,
or environmental stress, and
characterized by an identifiable
group of signs or symptoms.
4. SWINE-FLU
SUB-TOPICS
WHAT IS SWINE FLU ?
CAUSING AGENT
SYMPTOMS
INCUBATION PERIOD
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
STATISTICS
5. STATISTICS
PLACE CASES DEATHS
Maharashtra 3590 195
New Delhi 3364 46
Tamil Nadu 1524 6
Karnataka 1392 112
Andhra Pradesh 797 52
6. SWINE-FLU
Swine influenza, also called pig influenza, swine flu,
hog flu and pig flu, is an infection by any one of
several types of swine influenza viruses. Swine
influenza virus (SIV) or swine-origin influenza
virus (S-OIV ) is any strain of the influenza family
of viruses that is endemic in pigs. As of 2009, the
known SIV strains include influenza C and the
subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2,
H2N1, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3.
7. CAUSING AGENT
1)Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, is an
infectious disease caused by RNA viruses of the family
Orthomyxoviridae (the influenza viruses), that affects
birds an mammals.
2)Typically, influenza is transmitted through the air by
coughs or sneezes, creating aerosols containing the virus.
Influenza can also be transmitted by direct contact with
bird droppings or nasal secretions, or through contact
with contaminated surfaces. Airborne aerosols have been
thought to cause most infections, although which means
of transmission is most important is not absolutely clear.
8.
9. SYMPTOMS
1) High Fever
2) Cough
3)Running Nose
4) Sore Throat
5) Body Pains
6) Headache
7) Shivering
8) Diarrhea (Sometimes)
11. PREVENTIVE MEASURES
As prevention is better that cure, let us know
the possible precaution and preventive
measure that can be taken to make sure not
to get effected by this natural bio-terrorist. As
there are chances of spreading this Flu
viruses when people with influenza cough or
sneeze, everyone should make a special
effort to avoid contact with potential virus
carriers.
12. Better stay at home if you are sick and take
the advice of your physician if illness
continues.
Cover your mouth and nose with tissues
when you sneeze or cough and dispose
them properly. Practice good personal
hygiene and make sure you use surgical
masks and gloves and other sanitary
products when you are stepping out of your
home.
13.
14. SUB-TOPICS
WHAT IS DENGUE ?
CAUSING AGENT
SYMPTOMS
INCUBATION PERIOD
PREVENTIVE MEASURES
STATISTICS
15. STATISTICS
PLACE NO.OF.CASES
NEW DELHI 886
KERALA 713
GUJARAT 424
RAJASTHAN 326
WEST BENGAL 314
TAMIL NADU 306
MAHARASHTRA 226
KARNATAKA 65
ANDHRA PRADESH 59
HARYANA 79
16. WHAT IS DENGUE ?
An acute, infectious
tropical disease caused
by an virus transmitted
by mosquitoes, and
characterized by high
fever, rash, headache,
and severe muscle and
joint pain.
17. CAUSING AGENT
Aedes aegypti
The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti is a
mosquito that can spread the dengue
fever, Chikungunya and yellow fever
viruses, and other diseases.
The mosquito can be recognized by white
markings on legs and a marking in the form of a
lyre on the thorax. The mosquito originated in
Africa but is now found in tropical and
subtropical regions throughout the world.
19. SYMPTOMS
1)Fever
2)Headache
3)Muscular and Bone Pain
4)Nausea and vomiting
5)Loss of appetite
6)Increased sensation to touch
7)Change in taste sensation
8)Symptoms maybe milder in children than in
adults
20.
21. Severe abdominal pain,
Change in temperature,
Restlessness
Signs of circulatory failure
Bleeding or hemorrhagic manifestations including:
Skin bleeds that appear as blotchy red patches
called - Petechiae
Bleeding from Nose or Epistaxis
Bleeding from gums
Bleeding from Stomach - appearing as blood in
the vomit
Decrease in the blood platelet count
(Thrombocytopenia)
22. PREVENTIVE MEASURES
The prevention of dengue requires control or eradication of the
mosquitoes carrying the virus that causes dengue.
To prevent mosquito bites, wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, socks
and shoes when outdoors.
For personal protection, use mosquito repellant sprays that contain
DEET when visiting places where dengue is endemic.
“Aedes” mosquitoes usually bite during the day. Therefore, special
precautions should be taken during early morning hours before day
break and in the late afternoon before dark.
23. Eliminate stagnant water that serve as
mosquito breeding sites at home, workplaces
and their vicinity.
Using mosquito nets at home and patients
need to be kept under mosquito netting until
the second bout of fever is over and they are
no longer contagious.
Use Mosquito Repellents for Eradicating
Mosquitoes.
25. INTRODUCTION
The chemicals and toxicants in tobacco smoke damage
DNA, which can lead to cancer. Nearly one-third of all
cancer deaths every year are directly linked to smoking.
Exposure to tobacco smoke quickly damages blood
vessels throughout the body and makes blood more
likely to clot. This damage can cause heart attacks,
strokes, and even sudden death.
The chemicals in tobacco smoke inflame the delicate
lining of the lungs and can cause permanent damage
that reduces the ability of the lungs to exchange air
efficiently and leads to chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)
26.
27. CHANGES IN THE BODY
1. Smoking Effects on Lungs – Lung
Cancer can occur to smokers. When a
person smoke then tobacco makes
blockage in lungs, and gradually it
develops lung cancer. Smoking creates
huge un-natural elements in lungs.
Smoking is the reason of uncontrolled
growth the group of cells, and it is called
cancer.
28. 2. Smoking Effects on Respiratory
System – Smoking badly effects on
respiratory system. Smoking can cause of
dangerous diseases like; Asthma,
tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis, lung cancer,
emphysema, feeling out of breath, pneumonia,
cold and flu.
3. Smoking Effects on Digestive System–
Smoking creates harmful effects on digestive
system. It creates peptic ulcers, gallstones,
stomach cancer, and heart burn.
29. 4. Smoking Effects on Brain –
Intoxication increase the blood pressure
and mind tissues work as faster as they
can. Brain goes to the un-conscious level
at the time of intoxication and it kills
essential tissues of the brain. Nicotine and
intoxication elements make blockage in
the supply blood brain tube and it cause
dangerous diseases. It can also cause of
blood clotting in brain.
5. Smoking Effects on Skin – Smoking
badly effects on human skin. It can cause
of aging, wrinkles, scarring and capillaries
on the skin. Smoke kills the active cells of
skin and it creates problem to people.
30. 6. Smoking Effects on Hands –
Smoking make poor the blood
circulation in hands. Smoking effects
can cause of cold fingers, hand pain
and tar stained fingers.
7. Smoking Effects on Legs –
Smoking effects badly on legs.
Smoking creates problems in leg and it
leads to gangrene, leg pain and
Beurger’s disease.
31. 8. Smoking Effects on Eyes – Smoking
badly effects on eyes. It can cause of
glaucoma, cataract, and redness in eyes.
9. Smoking Effects on Teeth and gums –
Smoking major effects on teeth and gums. It
leads to gingivitis, plaque, bleeding gums,
losses teeth and other gum diseases.
10. Smoking Effects on Mouth – Smoking
creates bad effects on mouth. It leads to soar
throats, smelly breath, and less sense of
taste.
11. Smoking Effects of Nose – Smoking
32. PRECAUTIONS
NON SMOKERS:
Never share a room with a passive
smoker.
Never try to breathe smoke from
industries
Stay away from smokers
We should increase the awareness of
diseases
33. TREATMENT
Ransdermal patches (which stick to your
skin), available in formulations that release
nicotine for either 16 hours or 24 hours
Chewing gum that is available with either
2mg or 4mg of nicotine
Inhalators, which look like plastic cigarettes
through which nicotine is inhaled
Tablets and lozenges, which are placed
under your tongue
34. Nasal spray, which passes nicotine through the
lining of your nose
Side effects
skin irritation when using patches
irritation of nose, throat or eyes when
using a nasal spray
disturbed sleep, sometimes with vivid
dreams
upset stomach
dizziness
headaches
35. STATSTICS
It is estimated that around 30 deaths
per day are caused from passive
smoking
It has been proven that a passive
smoker living with someone that
smokes has a 25% increased chance of
dying from a heart attack or stroke then
if they didn't live with a smoker.
Passive smoke can have a lot of effects
on someone like, headache, cough,
sore throat, dizziness, eye irritation, and
nausea.
36.
37.
38.
39. CONCLUSION
Chronic Bronchitis, asthma Emphysema, heart
disease, are not only crippling to the person that suffer
from them but their families suffer too. As does society
because these individuals are taken out of the job
market and while their body's can't function their brains
are generally unaffected. What a waste! The numbers
of these sufferers rises every year. And with air pollution
on the rise and global warming with climate change the
future looks bleak. The one effective treatment for this
problem is a n all out campaign to stamp out smoking.
Especially in children in their formative years, They are
spending billions to stamp out illegal drugs which of
course, is a major problem but not one penny to
eradicate a totally preventable affliction on our society.
And the tobacco companies spend millions every year
to lure the kids in.
