Security plays a crucial role in disaster and humanitarian response by protecting aid workers, civilians receiving aid, and humanitarian goods and supplies. In areas of conflict or civil unrest, the safety of aid workers can be severely compromised, forcing agencies to limit operations or evacuate workers for their protection. This reduction in aid has negative consequences for civilians still in need. Maintaining order during the distribution of supplies is also important for security. While security is necessary, it increases the financial costs of humanitarian missions when funding is already limited. Community resilience enhances response and recovery by empowering local populations to withstand disasters independently and support one another.
Humanitarian imperative - Murtala Muhammed FoundationMMFNG
Humanitarian Imperative! By Gbenro Olajuyigbe Head, Human Security, ActionAid Nigeria
(A paper presented at MusaYar’adua Centre, Abuja at a Programme on Sustainable Humanitarian Response Mechanism for Nigeria, organized by MurtalaMuhammed Foundation on December 2, 2014).
The current challenges of humanitarian crises in Nigeria have thrown up new images of leadership, technical, capacity, policy deficiencies. The need to reconstruct effective and appropriate proactive response mechanism is imperative
4 postsRe Topic 5 DQ 2Based on the script from Haiti hu.docxtaishao1
4 posts
Re: Topic 5 DQ 2
Based on the script from Haiti hurricane 2010 my thoughts are:
Phase 1, the pre-disaster phase, is characterized by fear and uncertainty. The specific reactions a community experiences depend on the type of disaster. Phase 2, the impact phase, is characterized by a range of intense emotional reactions. As with the pre-disaster phase, the specific reactions also depend on the type of disaster that is occurring. Phase 3, the heroic phase, is characterized by a high level of activity with a low level of productivity (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2018).
Primary prevention would be having volunteers appropriately vaccinated before leaving. After landing in Haiti, have the Hatians vaccinated against airborne and vector-borne diseases such as malaria. Ensure safe and proper sanitation such as making sure hands are washed before and after personal hygiene and patient care. Have clutters cleaned and cleared and make tracks for stagnant water to flow to avoid breeding mosquitos and encourage infestation of bugs. Shelters should be adequate and not overcrowded. Educate about diarrhea, what symptoms to look for and how to handle it.
Secondary prevention depends on how devastating things are. Triage casualties according to acute, urgent, emergent. Initiate search and rescue efforts in wreckages, but not until damaged structures are deemed safe to enter or dismantle. Have a plan to manage casualties so that there will be no chaos. This could be done by using tents and designated signs with volunteers directing traffic. Teach the Hatians how to cope by asking for help from friends and families not badly affected by the disaster. Set-up an area where they can get emotional support to deal with their loss and address future community educational needs, such as disaster preparedness.
Teritary prevention entails looking at long-term needs after the resolution of the disaster. Things such as healing and how to cope. Stress related issues such as rebuilding, that could be dealt with by the government and outside organizations such as the Salvation Army and other charitable organizations.
I would work with Adventist Disaster Relief Agency (ADRA) because they are a branch of my church, the Seventh Day Adventist Church. They have been helping with the organization of outreach world wide. They are always on the ground in every disaster alongside the Canadian Red Cross and the Salvation Army organizations. Here's a link for ADRA if interested to know more:
www.adra.ca/connections
Prevention includes a wide range of activities — known as “interventions” — aimed at reducing risks or threats to health. For many health problems, a combination of primary, secondary and tertiary interventions are needed to achieve a meaningful degree of prevention and protection, (Institute for Work and Health 2015).
Based on the script, this nurse is at the preimpact st.
Humanitarian imperative - Murtala Muhammed FoundationMMFNG
Humanitarian Imperative! By Gbenro Olajuyigbe Head, Human Security, ActionAid Nigeria
(A paper presented at MusaYar’adua Centre, Abuja at a Programme on Sustainable Humanitarian Response Mechanism for Nigeria, organized by MurtalaMuhammed Foundation on December 2, 2014).
The current challenges of humanitarian crises in Nigeria have thrown up new images of leadership, technical, capacity, policy deficiencies. The need to reconstruct effective and appropriate proactive response mechanism is imperative
4 postsRe Topic 5 DQ 2Based on the script from Haiti hu.docxtaishao1
4 posts
Re: Topic 5 DQ 2
Based on the script from Haiti hurricane 2010 my thoughts are:
Phase 1, the pre-disaster phase, is characterized by fear and uncertainty. The specific reactions a community experiences depend on the type of disaster. Phase 2, the impact phase, is characterized by a range of intense emotional reactions. As with the pre-disaster phase, the specific reactions also depend on the type of disaster that is occurring. Phase 3, the heroic phase, is characterized by a high level of activity with a low level of productivity (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2018).
Primary prevention would be having volunteers appropriately vaccinated before leaving. After landing in Haiti, have the Hatians vaccinated against airborne and vector-borne diseases such as malaria. Ensure safe and proper sanitation such as making sure hands are washed before and after personal hygiene and patient care. Have clutters cleaned and cleared and make tracks for stagnant water to flow to avoid breeding mosquitos and encourage infestation of bugs. Shelters should be adequate and not overcrowded. Educate about diarrhea, what symptoms to look for and how to handle it.
Secondary prevention depends on how devastating things are. Triage casualties according to acute, urgent, emergent. Initiate search and rescue efforts in wreckages, but not until damaged structures are deemed safe to enter or dismantle. Have a plan to manage casualties so that there will be no chaos. This could be done by using tents and designated signs with volunteers directing traffic. Teach the Hatians how to cope by asking for help from friends and families not badly affected by the disaster. Set-up an area where they can get emotional support to deal with their loss and address future community educational needs, such as disaster preparedness.
Teritary prevention entails looking at long-term needs after the resolution of the disaster. Things such as healing and how to cope. Stress related issues such as rebuilding, that could be dealt with by the government and outside organizations such as the Salvation Army and other charitable organizations.
I would work with Adventist Disaster Relief Agency (ADRA) because they are a branch of my church, the Seventh Day Adventist Church. They have been helping with the organization of outreach world wide. They are always on the ground in every disaster alongside the Canadian Red Cross and the Salvation Army organizations. Here's a link for ADRA if interested to know more:
www.adra.ca/connections
Prevention includes a wide range of activities — known as “interventions” — aimed at reducing risks or threats to health. For many health problems, a combination of primary, secondary and tertiary interventions are needed to achieve a meaningful degree of prevention and protection, (Institute for Work and Health 2015).
Based on the script, this nurse is at the preimpact st.
Post 1The whole community” approach as described in the Natanhcrowley
Post 1
The “whole community” approach as described in the National Preparedness Goal refers to the shared responsibility amongst governmental, non-governmental, public and private sector entities, communities and individuals to work together in order to ensure national security and promote resilient communities (FEMA.gov, 2015, p. 1-2). Meaning that individuals must not simply rely on the federal, state or local governments to ensure thier safety and security, but individuals must take thier own safety seriously. Furthermore, the problem does not go away with more funding. Appropriate guidance, laws, education, training, and equipment all play significant roles in national preparedness.
The concept of “whole community” is important when viewing both short- and long-term effects that natural and man-made disasters can have on a population. Hurricane Katrina is a perfect example of the lack of a "whole community approach" resulting in improper risk analysis and poor emergency planning. The substandard response and recovery efforts at the federal, state and community-level contributed to almost every issue negatively impacting this incident. Ultimately, there was no precedent for a natural disaster of that magnitude and community leaders and residents found themselves unprepared. There was no distinct chain of command to delegate resources for recovery and rescue operations. Breakdowns in coordination from the federal level to the local level were apparent. “State and local authorities understood the devastation but, due to destruction of infrastructure and response capabilities, lacked the ability to communicate with each other and coordinate a response, struggled to perform responsibilities such as the rescue of citizens stranded by the rising floodwaters, provision of law enforcement, and evacuation of the remaining population of New Orleans (Townsend, 2006, ch. 5).
The Federal Emergency Management Agency leads the charge of the whole community approach to emergency management with the goal of facilitating a culture that shifts primary responsibility from the federal government managing disaster recovery to a community-centric approach. Creating crosstalk between emergency management stakeholders, decision makers, and communities, facilitates exchange of information and best practices that can be shared between communities that have the same hazards and threats. Additionally, community leaders are able to form a shared understanding of thier respective needs and capabilities, leverage resources, strengthen infrastructure, forge more effective prevention, protection, response and recovery while increasing preparedness and resiliency across the community and the nation (FEMA.gov, 2011, p. 3).
Fostering a culture of shared responsibility places responsibility of emergency management on governments thereby sharing that responsibility amongst non-governmental, public and private sector agencies, and individual persons with the community ...
Module 7 OverviewInternational Disaster ManagementPeople of al.docxmoirarandell
Module 7 Overview
International Disaster Management
People of all nations face risks associated with natural and technological hazards, and almost all eventually become victim to disaster. The response capacity of individual nations has been linked to several factors, including propensity for disaster, local and regional economic resources, government structure, and availability of technological, academic, and human resources. In this module, you will understand how developing nations are affected by disasters. You will learn why and how national, international, and non-governmental organizations assist countries that are affected by major disasters. Several of the important issues that influence how international disasters are managed will be outlined. The mechanism through which the United Nations offices and entities respond to disasters will be discussed.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
7K
Characterize the non-governmental agency response to international disasters.
8F
Discuss the mechanism through which the United Nation’s offices and entities respond to disasters.
8G
Explain how the United States provides disaster assistance to other nations affected by disasters.
8H
Discuss how the International Financial Institutions, including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, participate in the disaster response, relief, and reconstruction efforts.
9A
Understand how developing nations are affected by disasters.
9B
Explain why and how national, international, and nongovernmental organizations assist countries that are affected by major disasters.
9C
Outline several of the important issues that influence how international disasters are managed.
Module 7 Reading Assignment
Haddow, G., Bullock, J., & Coppola, D. (2011). Introduction to emergency management. Burlington: Elsevier. Chapter 8.
International Disaster Management
People of all nations face risks associated with natural and technological hazards, and almost all eventually become victim to disaster. The response capacity of individual nations can been linked to several factors, including propensity for disaster, local and regional economic resources, government structure, and availability of technological, academic and human resources. It is becoming increasingly common that the response capabilities of individual nations falls short in the face of large-scale disasters, and outside assistance is required. Furthermore, there appears to be an increase in the number of disasters that affect entire regions, which calls upon a global response structure that is still in its infancy. The developing nations suffer the greatest impact of nature’s fury, and it is these same nations that are also most often subject to the internal civil conflict that leads to Complex Humanitarian Emergencies (CHEs). Furthermore, the greatest incidence of natural disasters occurs within developing countries, with 90% of disaster-related injuries ...
LESSON NOTES WEEK 5HLSS215 Regulatory Issues in Weapons of Ma.docxsmile790243
LESSON NOTES WEEK 5:HLSS215 Regulatory Issues in Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD):CO-5 Explain the process of primary care management for behavioral reactions during a weapon of mass destruction incident in the United States.
This week’s lecture focuses on understanding that as current events show us, applying federal regulatory best practices and sanction do not always work. Therefore, we need to be able to evaluate and appraise emergency management planning and relate to the various operational community action plans and be aware of secondary effects of a WMD incident. In addition, it provides the student four questions to consider preparedness and is designed to spark the student’s interest in learning more about Regulatory Issues in Weapons of Mass Destruction.
When you read World at Risk – pages 82-106 – you should gain an understanding of the Government and culture and who is accountable for preventing WMD proliferation and terrorism. After reading this, stop and think for a moment, make your own determinations on whether or not the world of government has a serious lack of coordination among the various agencies whose job it is to keep us safe.
Next, as you read, Weapons of Terror, Chapter 6 – This reading assignment focus on delivery means, missile defenses, and weapons in space. This reading focuses on three subjects that are not exclusively related to any one of the categories of WMD – the means of delivery of WMD, the dangers of missile defenses, and the risk of weaponization of outer space.
With that, let us start our lesson, as current events show us, applying federal regulatory best practices and sanction do not always work. Therefore, we need to be able to evaluate and appraise emergency management planning and relate to the various operational community action plans and be aware of secondary effects of a WMD incident.
We need to understand this because one of the gravest threats facing Americans today is a terrorist detonating a nuclear bomb within our borders.
The United States wields enormous power of the traditional kind, but traditional power is less effective than it used to be. In today’s world, individuals anywhere on the planet connect instantly with one another and with information. Money is moved, transactions are made, information is shared, instructions are issued, and attacks are unleashed with a keystroke. Weapons of tremendous destructive capability can be developed or acquired by those without access to an industrial base or even an economic base of any kind, and those weapons can be used to kill thousands of people and disrupt vital financial, communications, and transportation systems, which are easy to attack and hard to defend. All these factors have made nation-states less powerful and more vulnerable relative to the terrorists, who have no national base to defend and who therefore cannot be deterred through traditional means. (World at Risk 2008, xxi)
Therefore, it is critical, able to ev ...
As outlined in the course lesson, the United Nations (UN) has plmallisonshavon
As outlined in the course lesson, the United Nations (UN) has played an active role in protecting and serving the global community in a variety of areas that include maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development, and upholding international laws. In this discussion, you will consider the role of humanitarian aid.
The UN is well-known for providing humanitarian aid such as food, water, medical supplies, personnel, resources, and necessities after disasters, such as terrorist attacks, that occur in war-torn areas of the globe. Do you believe that the humanitarian aid provided by the UN is enough? Do you believe that other NATO nations should be required to provide humanitarian aid after a terrorist attack? Why, or why not?
ANSWER THE ABOVE QUESTION AND THEN REPLY TO MY CLASSMATE’S RESPONSE TO THE ABOVE QUESTION AND EXPLAIN WHY YOU AGREE? (A MINIMUM OF 150 WORDS EACH)
CLASSMATE’S POST
This is an interesting question. The United Nations is, indeed, well-known for their humanitarian efforts around the globe. According to the United Nations website (n.d.), “The Organization is now relied upon by the international community to coordinate humanitarian relief of emergencies due to natural and man-made disasters in areas beyond the relief capacity of national authorities alone.” However, what one has to consider is
what is
enough
?
The mission of the United Nations is, indeed, a good one. It brings together nations from across the globe to help each other in the areas descried in the Professor’s post. In assessing
is it enough,
one has to think about the obstacles that occur in the provision of humanitarian aid. In third-world countries, the aid doesn’t always reach the intended target. In war-torn countries, there are often attacks on those trying to simply deliver humanitarian aid to those in need. “Tragically…the growing threat of violence against aid workers is putting humanitarian efforts at risk” (Warren, 2020). One would think that someone trying to aid other men, women, and children would not be at risk but, unfortunately, that is simply not true. Patricia McIlreavy, Vice President of Humanitarian Policy and Practice at InterAction, as cited in Warren (2020) states: “Aid workers are under attack. We are bleeding from a thousand small cuts. We are being robbed, raped, and murdered in Afghanistan, South Sudan, Yemen, Syria, and countless other places.” Therefore, the question lingers of how to effectively deliver humanitarian aid to all countries in need when it is so very difficult in some places. Van Brabant, as cited in Childs (2013), states “Acceptance, in the sense of a risk management strategy, is the reduction of the likelihood of targeted attacks by reducing or removing the motivation to attack.” In response to this quote, Childs (2013) states “Aid agencies have depended upon an appre ...
Post 1The whole community” approach as described in the Natanhcrowley
Post 1
The “whole community” approach as described in the National Preparedness Goal refers to the shared responsibility amongst governmental, non-governmental, public and private sector entities, communities and individuals to work together in order to ensure national security and promote resilient communities (FEMA.gov, 2015, p. 1-2). Meaning that individuals must not simply rely on the federal, state or local governments to ensure thier safety and security, but individuals must take thier own safety seriously. Furthermore, the problem does not go away with more funding. Appropriate guidance, laws, education, training, and equipment all play significant roles in national preparedness.
The concept of “whole community” is important when viewing both short- and long-term effects that natural and man-made disasters can have on a population. Hurricane Katrina is a perfect example of the lack of a "whole community approach" resulting in improper risk analysis and poor emergency planning. The substandard response and recovery efforts at the federal, state and community-level contributed to almost every issue negatively impacting this incident. Ultimately, there was no precedent for a natural disaster of that magnitude and community leaders and residents found themselves unprepared. There was no distinct chain of command to delegate resources for recovery and rescue operations. Breakdowns in coordination from the federal level to the local level were apparent. “State and local authorities understood the devastation but, due to destruction of infrastructure and response capabilities, lacked the ability to communicate with each other and coordinate a response, struggled to perform responsibilities such as the rescue of citizens stranded by the rising floodwaters, provision of law enforcement, and evacuation of the remaining population of New Orleans (Townsend, 2006, ch. 5).
The Federal Emergency Management Agency leads the charge of the whole community approach to emergency management with the goal of facilitating a culture that shifts primary responsibility from the federal government managing disaster recovery to a community-centric approach. Creating crosstalk between emergency management stakeholders, decision makers, and communities, facilitates exchange of information and best practices that can be shared between communities that have the same hazards and threats. Additionally, community leaders are able to form a shared understanding of thier respective needs and capabilities, leverage resources, strengthen infrastructure, forge more effective prevention, protection, response and recovery while increasing preparedness and resiliency across the community and the nation (FEMA.gov, 2011, p. 3).
Fostering a culture of shared responsibility places responsibility of emergency management on governments thereby sharing that responsibility amongst non-governmental, public and private sector agencies, and individual persons with the community ...
Module 7 OverviewInternational Disaster ManagementPeople of al.docxmoirarandell
Module 7 Overview
International Disaster Management
People of all nations face risks associated with natural and technological hazards, and almost all eventually become victim to disaster. The response capacity of individual nations has been linked to several factors, including propensity for disaster, local and regional economic resources, government structure, and availability of technological, academic, and human resources. In this module, you will understand how developing nations are affected by disasters. You will learn why and how national, international, and non-governmental organizations assist countries that are affected by major disasters. Several of the important issues that influence how international disasters are managed will be outlined. The mechanism through which the United Nations offices and entities respond to disasters will be discussed.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
7K
Characterize the non-governmental agency response to international disasters.
8F
Discuss the mechanism through which the United Nation’s offices and entities respond to disasters.
8G
Explain how the United States provides disaster assistance to other nations affected by disasters.
8H
Discuss how the International Financial Institutions, including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, participate in the disaster response, relief, and reconstruction efforts.
9A
Understand how developing nations are affected by disasters.
9B
Explain why and how national, international, and nongovernmental organizations assist countries that are affected by major disasters.
9C
Outline several of the important issues that influence how international disasters are managed.
Module 7 Reading Assignment
Haddow, G., Bullock, J., & Coppola, D. (2011). Introduction to emergency management. Burlington: Elsevier. Chapter 8.
International Disaster Management
People of all nations face risks associated with natural and technological hazards, and almost all eventually become victim to disaster. The response capacity of individual nations can been linked to several factors, including propensity for disaster, local and regional economic resources, government structure, and availability of technological, academic and human resources. It is becoming increasingly common that the response capabilities of individual nations falls short in the face of large-scale disasters, and outside assistance is required. Furthermore, there appears to be an increase in the number of disasters that affect entire regions, which calls upon a global response structure that is still in its infancy. The developing nations suffer the greatest impact of nature’s fury, and it is these same nations that are also most often subject to the internal civil conflict that leads to Complex Humanitarian Emergencies (CHEs). Furthermore, the greatest incidence of natural disasters occurs within developing countries, with 90% of disaster-related injuries ...
LESSON NOTES WEEK 5HLSS215 Regulatory Issues in Weapons of Ma.docxsmile790243
LESSON NOTES WEEK 5:HLSS215 Regulatory Issues in Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD):CO-5 Explain the process of primary care management for behavioral reactions during a weapon of mass destruction incident in the United States.
This week’s lecture focuses on understanding that as current events show us, applying federal regulatory best practices and sanction do not always work. Therefore, we need to be able to evaluate and appraise emergency management planning and relate to the various operational community action plans and be aware of secondary effects of a WMD incident. In addition, it provides the student four questions to consider preparedness and is designed to spark the student’s interest in learning more about Regulatory Issues in Weapons of Mass Destruction.
When you read World at Risk – pages 82-106 – you should gain an understanding of the Government and culture and who is accountable for preventing WMD proliferation and terrorism. After reading this, stop and think for a moment, make your own determinations on whether or not the world of government has a serious lack of coordination among the various agencies whose job it is to keep us safe.
Next, as you read, Weapons of Terror, Chapter 6 – This reading assignment focus on delivery means, missile defenses, and weapons in space. This reading focuses on three subjects that are not exclusively related to any one of the categories of WMD – the means of delivery of WMD, the dangers of missile defenses, and the risk of weaponization of outer space.
With that, let us start our lesson, as current events show us, applying federal regulatory best practices and sanction do not always work. Therefore, we need to be able to evaluate and appraise emergency management planning and relate to the various operational community action plans and be aware of secondary effects of a WMD incident.
We need to understand this because one of the gravest threats facing Americans today is a terrorist detonating a nuclear bomb within our borders.
The United States wields enormous power of the traditional kind, but traditional power is less effective than it used to be. In today’s world, individuals anywhere on the planet connect instantly with one another and with information. Money is moved, transactions are made, information is shared, instructions are issued, and attacks are unleashed with a keystroke. Weapons of tremendous destructive capability can be developed or acquired by those without access to an industrial base or even an economic base of any kind, and those weapons can be used to kill thousands of people and disrupt vital financial, communications, and transportation systems, which are easy to attack and hard to defend. All these factors have made nation-states less powerful and more vulnerable relative to the terrorists, who have no national base to defend and who therefore cannot be deterred through traditional means. (World at Risk 2008, xxi)
Therefore, it is critical, able to ev ...
As outlined in the course lesson, the United Nations (UN) has plmallisonshavon
As outlined in the course lesson, the United Nations (UN) has played an active role in protecting and serving the global community in a variety of areas that include maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid, promoting sustainable development, and upholding international laws. In this discussion, you will consider the role of humanitarian aid.
The UN is well-known for providing humanitarian aid such as food, water, medical supplies, personnel, resources, and necessities after disasters, such as terrorist attacks, that occur in war-torn areas of the globe. Do you believe that the humanitarian aid provided by the UN is enough? Do you believe that other NATO nations should be required to provide humanitarian aid after a terrorist attack? Why, or why not?
ANSWER THE ABOVE QUESTION AND THEN REPLY TO MY CLASSMATE’S RESPONSE TO THE ABOVE QUESTION AND EXPLAIN WHY YOU AGREE? (A MINIMUM OF 150 WORDS EACH)
CLASSMATE’S POST
This is an interesting question. The United Nations is, indeed, well-known for their humanitarian efforts around the globe. According to the United Nations website (n.d.), “The Organization is now relied upon by the international community to coordinate humanitarian relief of emergencies due to natural and man-made disasters in areas beyond the relief capacity of national authorities alone.” However, what one has to consider is
what is
enough
?
The mission of the United Nations is, indeed, a good one. It brings together nations from across the globe to help each other in the areas descried in the Professor’s post. In assessing
is it enough,
one has to think about the obstacles that occur in the provision of humanitarian aid. In third-world countries, the aid doesn’t always reach the intended target. In war-torn countries, there are often attacks on those trying to simply deliver humanitarian aid to those in need. “Tragically…the growing threat of violence against aid workers is putting humanitarian efforts at risk” (Warren, 2020). One would think that someone trying to aid other men, women, and children would not be at risk but, unfortunately, that is simply not true. Patricia McIlreavy, Vice President of Humanitarian Policy and Practice at InterAction, as cited in Warren (2020) states: “Aid workers are under attack. We are bleeding from a thousand small cuts. We are being robbed, raped, and murdered in Afghanistan, South Sudan, Yemen, Syria, and countless other places.” Therefore, the question lingers of how to effectively deliver humanitarian aid to all countries in need when it is so very difficult in some places. Van Brabant, as cited in Childs (2013), states “Acceptance, in the sense of a risk management strategy, is the reduction of the likelihood of targeted attacks by reducing or removing the motivation to attack.” In response to this quote, Childs (2013) states “Aid agencies have depended upon an appre ...
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
1. (Mt) – Discussion Board Responses
1234567- Find the Respond to each post with a FULL Single-space paragraph A reliable
reference for each paragraph Respond DO NOT summarize. Very important; you have to
include your thoughts APA style 4 responses in total Course: International and
Humanitarian Disaster Management The assignment was: “What role does security play
during a disaster or humanitarian response? How is the response/recovery impacted by
security concerns?” Post 1 “Security and safety during a disaster or humanitarian response
should be a top priority from the responding agencies. Not only is security needed for the
people affected, but the workers who are coming to the area. In some parts of the world,
security for disaster response is very critical, meaning that it is a high crime area. A video
recalled this summer of kidnapped aid workers in Nigeria pleading for their lives video
surfaced (Paquette, 2019). The five people in the video were abducted while feeding the
displaced groups (Paquette, 2019). Nigeria has the highest rate of abductions of foreign
visitors than anywhere in the world (Paquette, 2019). This example can be seen throughout
several countries, aid workers have been abducted, held for ransom, or killed. It is easy to
infer why aid workers’ security is often compromised during disaster response. Political or
civil unrest, food insecurity are often stressors that lead to a higher risk area of safety
concern. In general, countries with a lower GDP per capita had higher aid worker attacks
than countries with higher GDPs (Hoelscher & Miklian & Nygård, 2015). Security, to me, it
also includes public health safety, such as free from disease, infection, and has access to vital
needs. While some of these may be hard to guarantee, it is essential that safety measures
are in place to protect these necessities. Aid workers also get sick with whatever infection
they are trying to stop the spread of. An example would be the Ebola Zaire outbreak of
2014; many aid workers died from contracting the virus. Protection of aid workers must be
taken seriously to mitigate the acts of violence towards them; some acts are seen, such as
kidnapping, while some are not such as infections. Security risks are not the same for every
disaster or humanitarian aid crisis; it is crucial that proper training is tailored to each
specified region. I think responding agencies have become more committed to protecting
their aid workers by offering training services on how to handle certain situations. Also,
some agencies have the support of the countries’ military who are supposed to be a
deterrent from acts of aggression. I think that this can impact response because the military
is a constant reminder that at any moment, things can go wrong. This is especially true in
political unrest areas where the citizens are trying to reject their government. This can be
either uncomfortable for the aid workers who always have to look over their shoulders or, it
2. can be comforting knowing that someone is watching their back. If the affected area
becomes too dangerous, workers most likely would have to be removed from that region.
This would then leave a gap in public health, further leading the citizens of the affected area
in harmful conditions. I think this is why agencies need to focus on allowing the residents to
rebuild and increase resilience from within. This, in turn, will reduce the amount of
dependency that some countries have on outside aid organizations.” Post 2 “The roles of
security during a post-disaster or humanitarian response to protect the livelihood of the
responders as well as maintain peace while humanitarian goods are distributed. Areas of
conflict have become increasingly dangerous for humanitarian aid workers. Take for
example South Sudan, one of the most dangerous countries for humanitarian aid workers to
be (UN News, 2018). The U.S. State Department and the U.N. keeps surveillance of South
Sudan warring parties to assess the risk that humanitarian workers are at. When it is
believed to be too dangerous, messages from the surveying parties are given to the workers
who then activate their emergency plans or evacuations plans (Grant, 2016). Unfortunately,
sometimes communication proves ineffective, resources to help distressed workers are low
or threats have been overlooked or snuck pass surveillance parties. It is important to have
security when distributing humanitarian goods to maintain peace as crowds of people in
need could result in a riot. It is vital that distributing humanitarian goods be done orderly as
to prevent fights over food or ambushes for humanitarian goods. A simulation of the role of
security was done to train Qatari Armed forces on how to maintain peace in humanitarian
distribution sites. It was important to stress the difference of training armed forces from
being in combat versus peacekeeping operations. The different simulations were unrest in
the people waiting to receive goods; rebel forces trying to hijack the goods and a fire broke
out (Bedard, 2018). This shows the importance of training security details to ensure safe
and efficient distribution, not only for the safety of aid workers but civilians as well.
Response and recovery are impacted by security concerns because humanitarian aid
workers cannot enter the impacted area. In cases where humanitarian aid workers safety is
at risk, it is required that the aid workers only travel outside their compounds a certain
distance at certain times of the day and only stay at those locations for a certain amount of
time (European Commission, 2018). A strict schedule like this prevents aid workers from
accessing remote areas of people in need. It is also unlikely and unsafe for those people in
need to travel from their remote locations to humanitarian posts. They could fall victim to
violence, assault, among other atrocities. Delivering humanitarian aid to the areas that are
deemed “safe” then disproportionally supplies those that are in convenience to the aid
workers rather than all the people in need. Therefore their mission to relieve suffering is
partially achieved. Security for humanitarian aid purposes in the event of a disaster or area
of conflict is important. Security plays major roles in the protection of the aid workers,
protection of the civilians as well as protection of the goods. As much as security is a
necessity, it requires a lot of money. Funding for humanitarian work is small compared to
where it needs to be, adding security increases that funding need. It is a portion of aid that
must be funded because the safety of workers and the delivery of aid need to be safe.”
Course: Foundations in Emergency Management for Disasters and Healthcare The
assignment was: “Define the term “resilience.” What attitudes, behaviors, and activities can
3. be expected (or are proven) to enhance personal resilience? Neighborhood resilience?
Community resilience? Are these activities complimentary, collaborative, or deleterious?
Explain.” Post 1 “Usually, when people are faced with adversity in life, some people can
bounce back from the problems or issues, while others get stuck in tragic events and are
unable to move forward. Psychologists refer to this as resilience. Resilience refers to how
well people can adapt to events when faced with health concerns, work or school problems,
natural disasters, or tragedy. People with good resilience can bounce back from tragedy
faster with less pressure than people with less resilience. This can be reflected on how some
people were able to bounce back after the 911 terrorist attack, while others got stuck in the
tragic events. In addition to that, an essential factor to roll in is the resilience determinants
may differ from one community to another. Also, some skills required to tackle a trauma
may as well differ from one traumatic situation to another. For instance, it may be crucial to
instill a sense of optimism, pride, and consistency to promote stability in a war-torn and
poor society, but not in a prosperous and resource-rich society. After a tragic event, there
measures a community must follow, such as access to resources, knowledge, and
distribution of volunteers. The community resilience helps the communities to anticipate
any tragic events by a practical application that considers the community’s social needs,
including the built environment dependencies. To develop successful resilience-enhancing
approaches that are driven by an awareness of these nuances, professionals from a wide
range of backgrounds will need to come together as well listen attentively to each other as
for those who experience distress.” Post 2 “Resilience is a great matter for our community
and how to mitigate the disaster impact. Developing community resilience helps disaster
planners and community members alike. Moreover, Community resilience has sustained the
ability of communities to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversity. From my
perspective, without involving the community in disaster management missions, the impact
of the disaster will be catastrophic unless the community resilience is well-prepared to
defense for their life and property. There is an excellent example of community resilience in
New Zealand last year when an active shooter attacked the Christchurch mosque and killed
51 innocents. The New Zealand community has a significant impact on recovering the
situation for providing emotional support for Victim’s Family and Muslim population. The
Muslim population was joined by tens of thousands of other New Zealanders who stood
behind the rows of worshipers. They listened as the call to prayer rang out across Hagley
Park, opposite Al Noor Mosque, and across the country on national television and radio
broadcasts.”
