The document is a multimedia storyboard for a website about understanding disabilities and technology. It provides details on 3 screens/pages of the site: 1. The home page which welcomes users and provides an introduction. 2. A page on cerebral palsy which defines it, describes types of CP, and discusses how it can affect learning. 3. A page on visual impairments which defines different types, discusses conditions like macular degeneration, and outlines tools that can help those with visual disabilities.

1. Multimedia Storyboard
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project: Understanding Disabilities and Technology
date: 2/20/12
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screen: _1_ of ___ screen description:
Home Page
links: Links located in the navigation bar to the rest of
the site
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Page:
background: #F7F7F7 audio: none
color schemes: Gray, Blue, and White video: none
text attributes: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif stills: none
Text in main body: Located in the attached page
Text in the side bar: All of the quizzes for this site
will be located in this bar, as well as possible contact
information
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2. Text for main body of the Home Page:
Hello and Welcome to the Understanding Disabilities and Technology, the site where we will help you
become familiar with some of the disabilities affecting the population, as well as some of the techniques
that allow one to make there documents and presentations more accessible. Information will also be
given on how to access tools built into Mac and Windows operating systems that can aid the disabled.
Please keep in mind that this site only provides and introduction to these disabilities, and further may be
required in order to gain a full and complete understanding of these disabilities

3. Multimedia Storyboard
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project: Understanding Disabilities and Technology
date: 2/20/12
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screen: _2_ of ___ screen
description:
Cerebral Palsy
links: Links located in the navigation bar to the rest of Page
the site;
Link to the Cerebral Palsy Quiz on the side bar
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Page:
background: #F7F7F7 audio: none
color schemes: Gray, Blue, and White video: none
text attributes: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif stills: image of
Text in main body: Located in the attached page
the brain
Text in the side bar: Cerebral Palsy Quiz: When you have
read the information on this page, select the following
link to test what you have learned. If you score an 70% or
higher, you are beginning to understand the basics of
cerebral palsy. If you score less, it is recommended that
you review the information on this page
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4. Text for main body of the Cerebral Palsy (CP) page:
alt text: X-Ray of the brain
<Header> What is Cerebral Palsy? </Header>
Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a condition due to injury in parts of the brain that control one's ability to use the
muscles in the body. Cerebral is defined as having to do with the brain, and Palsy means weakness, or
difficulty using muscles. This injury to the brain is not due to one cause, as it can be due to problems
both before and after the birth. The range of Cerebral can range from mild to severe, with the more
severe cases often requiring a wheelchair or other form of equipment. Cerebral Palsy can also affect
one's ability to learn, affecting their sensory functions, and even their intellect.
<Header>Forms of Cerebral Palsy </Header>
There are form main types of Cerebral Palsy:
1. Spastic CP: There is too much muscle tone or tightness in the body, the movements become stiff.
2. Athetoid (Dyskinetic) CP: can affect the movements of the entire body, often causing slow,
uncontrolled body movements and low muscle tone that can make it difficult to sit properly or walk
3. Ataxic CP: Results in poor coordination, balance, and depth perception.
4. Mixed CP: A combination of the symptoms from the previous forms of CP.
Further Terms to describe the forms of CP include:
- Diplegia: Only the legs are affected
- Hemiplegia: This means half the body (such as the left arm and leg) is affected
- Quadriplegia: Both arms and legs are affected, this can sometimes include facial muscles and torso
<Header> Cerebral Palsy and Learning </Header>
Cerebral Palsy can greatly one's ability to learn, and in a variety of ways. There are those affected by
cerebral palsy that cannot use a keyboard or mouse, and sometimes they cannot both. Some are limited
with the use or one hand, others may have difficulty even using a computer at all. There are tools and
therapy designed specifically to aid those with cerebral palsy, including physical and speech-language

5. therapy, and such tools as communication boards and special switches for those who cannot use
common computer tools.
Research for this page is provided from http://nichcy.org/disability/specific/cp/

6. Multimedia Storyboard
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project: Understanding Disabilities and Technology
date: 2/20/12
.............................................................................................
screen: _3_ of ___ screen
description:
Visual
links: Links located in the navigation bar to the rest of the Impairments
site; Page
Link to the Visual Impairment Quiz on the side bar
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Page:
background: #F7F7F7 audio: none
color schemes: Gray, Blue, and White video: none
text attributes: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif stills:
Text in main body: Located in the attached page
Text in the side bar: Visual Impairment Quiz: When you have
read the information on this page, select the following link
to test what you have learned. If you score an 70% or higher,
you are beginning to understand the basics of visual
impairments. If you score less, it is recommended that you
review the information on this page
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7. Text for the main body of the visual impairments page:
<Header>What is Visual Impairment </Header>
Visual Impairment can refer to those with various visual disabilities which can include those who are
partailly sighted, low vision, legally blind, and totally blind.
-Partially sighted: Indicates some type of visual impairment has resulted in a special need for the
individual
- Low Vision : refers to a severe visual impairment, and at times is not limited to distance vision. This
applies to invdividuals who are unable to read at a normal viewing distance. They will use a combination
of vision and other senses in order to learn.
- Legally Blind: An individual who has less than 20/200 vision or a very limited field of vision
-Totally Blind: An individual who has no form of vision, and learns by braille or other non-visual media
<Header> More on Low Vision </Header>
Low vision can take many forms, and they each affect one's ability to read in a different way.
-Macular Degeneration: The macula is near the center of the retina, the area in the back of the eye. The
person's central are of sigh is affected, making it difficult to see objects that the person is looking at
directly. Text can appear broken and unclear.
- Glaucoma: Caused by an increase in presssure inside the eye, which will cause damage to the optic
nerve. This results in the opposite effect of macular degeneration: the loss of peripheral vision and a
blurry central area of vision. Text can appear both faded and blurry.
-Diabetic Retinopathy: One of the effects of long-term diabetes can be the leaking of retinal blood
vessels, which can cause dark patches in the field of vision where the leaks occur. Text can appear
blurred or distorted in these regions.
-Cataract: Those with cataract have areas of opacity in the lens of the eyes which will result in a blurred
or hazy effect, often in bright light. Text can appear to fade in the background of the page.
<Header>Aiding those with Visual Impairments</Header>
There are various tools that can aid those with visual impairments, and they often include screen
readers and screen magnifiers. This is why is encouraged to use true text as much as possible on the
web, as text in graphics will become blurry when enlarged.
Research for this page is provided from:
http://nichcy.org/disability/specific/visualimpairment/
http://webaim.org/articles/visual

8. Multimedia Storyboard
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project: Understanding Disabilities and Technology
date: 2/20/12
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screen: _4_ of ___ screen description:
Accessible Information
Page
links: Links located in the navigation bar to the rest
of the site;
Link to the Accessible Information Quiz on the side
bar
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Page:
background: #F7F7F7 audio: none
color schemes: Gray, Blue, and White video: Video
demonstrations of some
text attributes: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif of the options in Word
and PowerPoint
Text in main body: Located in the attached page
stills: Screenshots from
Text in the side bar: Accessible Information Quiz:
Microsoft Word and
When you have read the information on this page,
select the following link to test what you have PowerPoint
learned. If you score an 70% or higher, you are
beginning to understand the information on accessible
information. If you score less, it is recommended that
you review the information on this page

9. Text for the main body of the accessible information page:
Microsoft Word and PowerPoint are two very popular tools that many students and teachers use to
convey information. The following is a few tips for making Word and PowerPoint documents more
accessible to those with disabilities.
<Header> Making Word More Accessible </Header>
<H2>Headings </H2>
Headings, though simple in appearance, is important when considering accessibility in Word Documents.
Headings allow screen readers to navigate through the page easily and helps make the page more
usable. It is not enough to simply change the font or using bold. The option for changing the heading
depends upon the version of word being used.
<H3> Word 2000-2003 </H3>
The drop-down styles list allows you to create true headings
<H3> Word 2007-2010</H3>
A portion of the default toolbar in this version of Word is devoted to styles. To change a block of text,
select the text and click on the appropriate style.
<H3> Word for Mac</H3>

10. Styles on Word for Mac are available in the Formatting palette. The Styles dropdown list is similar to the
list found in Word 2000-2003 for Windows.
<H2>Alternative Text </H2>
Images in Word can also be given appropriate alternative text, and not only can this alternative text be
read by screen readers, it should remain intact if the document is exported as an HTML or PDF.
<H3> Word 2000-2003 </H3>
To provide alternative text, Right-click on the image, then select Format Picture....
A dialog box will appear. Select the Web tab and then add the appropriate alternative text.
<H3> Word 2007 </H3>
To add alternative text, right-click on the picture and select Size....

11. A dialog box will appear. Select the Alt Text tab. You will notice that the image filename is entered into
the field by default. Replace the filename with appropriate alternative text.
Video
Video of how to add alt text to Word 2007
<H3> Word 2007-2010</H3>
Word 2010 moved the alt text field back to an intuitive place, but made things even more confusing by
creating two fields for alt text. To add alt text to an image, Select the Format Picture... option.

12. With the Format Picture menu open, select the option for Alt Text in the sidebar. Two fields will appear,
one labeled Title and one labeled Description. For best results, add appropriate alt text to the
Description field, not the Title field.
<Header> Making PowerPoint More Accessible </Header>
<H2>PowerPoint for Mac </H2>
It should be noted that PowerPoint for Mac has accessibility limitations, such as being unable to add
alternative text. Becuase of this, the information provided here can aid those who use Office for Mac.
<H2> Slide Layouts </H2>
Since 2000 Microsoft PowerPoint provides a number of accessible slide layouts. These layouts are
encouraged to be used because they ensure that the PowerPoint slides have correct headings, lists, and
reading order. The use of proper slide layouts is a simple way to make PowerPoint presentations more
accessible.
<H3>PowerPoint 2000-2003 </H3>
Select Format > Slide Layout... or use the Slide Layout sidebar.

13. <H3>PowerPoint 2007-2010 </H3>
Select Home > New Slide, or select the New Slide button, and a menu of slide types will appear.
Video
Video to show how to access and the various options of PowerPoint 2007 in terms of slide layouts
<H2>Alternative Text </H2>
Images can be given alternative text in PowerPoint, and like Word, this alt text can be read by
screenreaders in a PowerPoint file, and remain intact when exported to HTML or PDF formats.
<H3>PowerPoint 2000-2003 </H3>

14. To provide alternative text, right click on the image, then select Format Picture....
A dialog box will appear. Select the Web tab and then add the appropriate alternative text.
<H3>PowerPoint 2007</H3>]
A dialog box will appear. Select the Alt Text tab. You will notice that the image filename is entered into
the field by default. Replace the filename with appropriate alternative text.
Video
Video of how to add alt text to PowerPoint 2007

15. <H3> PowerPoint 2010 </H3>
To add alternative text to an image, select Format Picture...
With the Format Picture menu open, select the option for Alt Text in the sidebar. Two fields will appear,
one labeled Title and one labeled Description. For best results, add appropriate alternative text to the
Description field, not the Title field.
Research for this page is provided from:
http://webaim.org/techniques/word/
http://webaim.org/techniques/powerpoint/

16. Multimedia Storyboard
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project: Understanding Disabilities and Technology
date: 2/20/12
.............................................................................................
screen: _5_ of ___ screen description:
Accessibility Tools
Page
links: Links located in the navigation bar to the
rest of the site
Link to the assessment
.............................................................................................
Page:
background: #F7F7F7 audio: none
color schemes: Gray, Blue, and White video: video
demonstrations of some
text attributes: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif of the tools
Text in main body: Located in the attached page stills: images to show
Text in the side bar: Accessibility tools
how to access the tools/what
assessment: The users will experience some of the the tools look like
tools being described, and fill out assesstment
describing their experiences
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17. Main Body Text for Accessibility Tools:
<Header> Accessibility Tools </Header>
There are a great deal of tools being created in the world that can provide accessibility on computers for
the disabled. While some of these tools can be expensive, there are a number of free tools made
avalilable on either Windows or Mac operating systems that can provide aid to those with disabilities.
Some of these tools will be explain on this page.
<H2>Windows Operating System </H2>
<H3>Ease of Access Center </H3>
The Ease of Access Center is a central location that you can use to set up the accessibility settings and
programs available in Windows. In the Ease of Access Center, you'll find quick access for setting up the
accessibility settings and programs included in Windows.
Open Ease of Access Center by clicking the Start button, clicking Control Panel, clicking Ease of Access,
and then clicking Ease of Access Center.
Video
Video of how to access Ease of Access, and what options it provides.
<H3>Narrator and Audio Description</H3>
Narrator is a basic screen reader made available with Windows. It reads aloud text on the screen and
events such as the appearance for error messages. There are two ways to access Narrator:

18. 1. Click the Start button, type "Narrator" in the search box, then select Narrator from the list of results.
2. Click the Start button, clicking Control Panel, clicking Ease of Access, clicking Ease of Access Center,
and then clicking Use the computer without a display. Then select the option Turn on Narrator
Audio Description is another useful tool that describes what is happening in videos.
To access: Click the Start button, clicking Control Panel, clicking Ease of Access, clicking Ease of Access
Center, and then clicking Use the computer without a display. Then select the option Turn on Audio
Description.
Video
Video of how to access and turn on Narrator and Audio Description and what happens when they are
activated
<H3>Maginfier </H3>
This tools made available in Windows magnifies the screen or a portion of the screen to make text,
images, and objects easier to read.
To access:
Click the Start button, clicking Control Panel, clicking Ease of Access, clicking Ease of Access Center, and
then clicking Make the computer easier to see. Then select the option Turn on Magnifier.
<H3>On-Screen Keyboard</H3>
This tool displays a visual keyboard with all of the standard keys. Unlike a regular keyboard, one can use
the on-screen keyboard and select keys using the mouse or another form of pointing device.
To access:
Click the Start button, clicking Control Panel, clicking Ease of Access, clicking Ease of Access Center, and
then clicking Use the computer without a mouse or keyboard. Then select the option use the on-screen
keyboard
Video
Video of how to access and turn on the On-Screen Keyboard and what happens when it is activated
<H3>Speech Recognition</H3>
This tool that allows one to interact with one's computer with just their voice while still being able to
use the computer successfully.
To access:
Click the Start button, clicking Control Panel, clicking Ease of Access, clicking Ease of Access Center, and
then clicking Use the computer without a mouse or keyboard. Then select the option use Speech
Recognition
Video
Video of how to access and turn on the Speech Recognition and what happens when it is activated
<H2>Mac OS X Operating System </H2>
<H3>Voiceover</H3>

19. A tool built into the Mac OS X Operating System that is more than a text-to-speech tool. The tools uses
speech to describe what is happening on the computer, and it allows one to control the computer
without using the screen.
To access:
Go to the Apple Menu, choose System Preferences, click universal access to display its preferences, click
the seeing tab, then select the On radio button below VoiceOver to enable it, click the Open VoiceOver
Utility button to customize VoiceOver.
<H3>Screen Magnification and Cursor Magnification</H3>
Zoom is a built-in, full-screen magnifier that can magnify the items on the screen up to 40 times.
The cursor on a Mac can also be magnified so it becomes easier to see and follow when one uses a
mouse. The cursor will remain scaled to the preferred size and this scaling remainz in effect until one
changes it.
<H3>Onscreen Keyboard </H3>
The Onscreen Keyboard built into the Mac Operating System, called Keyboard Viewer, allows one to use
enter text by using a mouse or other form or pointer. The Keyboard Viewer floats above other
applications (so you can’t misplace it) and can be resized to fit your screen. Though you “type” with a
mouse or other pointing device, it otherwise works just like a physical keyboard.
You’ll find this onscreen keyboard in the Language & Text pane of System Preferences.
<H3>Speech Recognition </H3>
Speakable Items, built into OS X and located in the Speech pane of System Preferences, lets you control
the computer using your voice instead of the keyboard.
<Header> Accessibility tools found online </Header>
Though most of this page is devoted to tools that can be found on the operating system, here are a few
tools.
<H2> Text Aloud </H2>
Text Aloud is Text to Speech software that converts your text from MS Word Documents, Emails, Web
Pages and PDF Files into natural-sounding speech. Users can listen on their PC or create audio files for
use on portable devices such as IPods. A free trial of this software can be found at:
http://www.nextup.com/TextAloud/
Video: Video on Text aloud (previously recorded with Camtasia, which I no longer have access to)
http://www.screencast.com/t/2cLEYrIU
<H2>Text2Speech.org </H2>
Text to Speech software that is free online and allows a user to convert a document into an MP3 file.
There is no downloading for this, and can be found at: http://www.text2speech.org/
Research for this page is provided from:
http://www.microsoft.com/enable/products/windows7/default.aspx

20. http://www.apple.com/accessibility/macosx/vision.html
http://www.nextup.com/TextAloud/
http://www.text2speech.org/

21. Multimedia Storyboard
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project: Understanding Disabilities and Technology
date: 2/20/12
.............................................................................................
screen: _6_ of ___ screen description:
Resources & Contact Page
links: Links located in the navigation bar to the
rest of the site
.............................................................................................
Page:
background: #F7F7F7 audio: none
color schemes: Gray, Blue, and White video: none
text attributes: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif stills: none
Text in main body: Located in the attached page
Text in the side bar: Contact information: To
contact me myname@email.com
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22. Text for main body of Resources page:
For more information on what has been described on the pages of this site, you can view the
information found on the following links:
Alt Text. Retrieved from webaim.org/techniques/alttext/
Cerebral Palsy. Retrieved from nichcy.org/disability/specific/cp/
Links and Hypertext. Retrieved from webaim.org/techniques/hypertext/#overview
Mac Accessibility. Retrieved from www.apple.com/accessibility/macosx/vision.html
Using Headings. Retrieved from webaim.org/techniques/semanticstructure/#contentstructure
Visual Disabilities. Retrieved from webaim.org/articles/visual/
Visual Impairment. Retrieved from nichcy.org/Disabilities/Specific/Pages/VisualImpairment.aspx
WebAim. Retrieved from www.webaim.org
Windows 7 Accessibility Retrieved from
www.microsoft.com/enable/products/windows7/default.aspx