Presentation of the DTE project at the World Trade Organization on May 17th, 2016. The presentation was updated in September 2016.

1. D I G I TA L T R A D E E S T I M A T E S
P R O J E C T
M A R T I N A F R A N C E S C A F E R R A C A N E
P O L I C Y A N A LY S T A T E C I P E
W O R L D T R A D E O R G A N I Z A T I O N
2 7 M A Y 2 0 1 6

2. D I G I TA L T R A D E E S T I M A T E S :
T H E P R O J E C T
- Project entirely dedicated to measures impacting digital trade
- 65 countries
- Main pillars of the project:
- DTE Database
- DTE Index
- DTE Annual Report

3. D I G I TA L T R A D E E S T I M A T E S :
T H E D A TA B A S E
- More than 1000 measures identified
- Regulatory measures
- ‘De facto’ measures
- 13 main areas of research
- 40+ subcategories of research

4. D I G I TA L T R A D E E S T I M A T E S :
T H E D A TA B A S E
13 main areas:
1. Tariffs and trade defence
2. Taxation and subsidies
3. Public procurement
4. Foreign investment
5. IPR
6. Competition policy
7. Business mobility
8. Data policies
9. Intermediary liability
10. Content access
11. Quantitative trade restrictions
12. Standards
13. Online sales and transactions

5. 1. Applied tariffs on digital goods
2. Antidumping, CVD & Safeguards on digital goods
M A I N A R E A S :
1 . TA R I F F S A N D T R A D E D E F E N C E

6. M A I N A R E A S :
1 . TA R I F F S A N D T R A D E D E F E N C E
Digital goods : ICT products beyond the list agreed in the ITA agreements.

7. M A I N A R E A S :
2 . TA X A T I O N A N D S U B S I D I E S
1. Discriminatory tax regime on digital goods and products
2. Discriminatory tax regime on online services
3. Taxation on data usage
4. Subsidies and discriminatory tax regime

8. M A I N A R E A S :
3 . P U B L I C P R O C U R E M E N T
1. Preferential purchase schemes covering ICT products, services
2. Surrendering of patents, source code etc.
3. Technology mandate (encryption, formats)

9. M A I N A R E A S :
4 . F O R E I G N I N V E S T M E N T
1. Restrictions on ownership
2. Restrictions on board of directors and managers
3. Screening and restrictions on cross-border mergers
and acquisitions
1. Patents
2. Copyright
3. Trade secrets
5 . I N T E L L E C T U A L P R O P E R T Y R I G H T S

10. M A I N A R E A S :
6 . C O M P E T I T I O N P O L I C Y
Mainly related to the
telecom sector….

11. M A I N A R E A S :
7 . B U S I N E S S M O B I L I T Y
Measures include quotas, labour
market regulations and limits of stay,
inter alia.

12. M A I N A R E A S :
8 . D A TA P O L I C I E S
1. Restrictions cross-border on data flows (data localisation)
2. Data retention
3. Subject rights on data privacy
4. Administrative requirements on data privacy
5. Sanctions for non-compliance

13. Note: The graph does not include one measure whose date of entry into force is unknown.
D I G I TA L T R A D E E S T I M A T E S :
A P R A C T I C A L A P P L I C A T I O N
0"
10"
20"
30"
40"
50"
60"
70"
80"
90"
1960" 1965" 1970" 1975" 1980" 1985" 1990" 1995" 2000" 2005" 2010" 2015"
The$evolu)on$of$data$localisa)on$measures$

14. Note: The graph does not include one measure whose date of entry into force is unknown.
0"
5"
10"
15"
20"
25"
30"
35"
40"
1960" 1965" 1970" 1975" 1980" 1985" 1990" 1995" 2000" 2005" 2010" 2015"
Evolu&on(of(data(localisa&on(measures(by(degree(of(restric&veness(
Ban"to"transfer/local"processing" Local"storage" Condi>onal"flow"regime"

15. Source: ECIPE Digital Trade Estimates database - To be released in October 2016.
Africa'
4%' La+n'America'
5%'
North'America'
7%'
Asia6Pacific''
39%'
Europe'
45%'
Geographical,coverage,

16. Source: ECIPE Digital Trade Estimates database - To be released in October 2016.
51%$
11%$
10%$
8%$
7%$
7%$
4%$2%$
Sectoral)coverage)
Horizontal$
Financial$sector$
Online$services$providers$
Public$sector$
Telecommunica@on$sector$
Other$
Gambing$sector$
Health$sector$

17. Source: ECIPE Digital Trade Estimates database - To be released in October 2016.
41%$
13%$
12%$
8%$
8%$
7%$
5%$
4%$ 2%$
Type%of%data%affected%
Personal$data$
Business$records$
All$sectoral$data$
Public$data$
User/consumer$data$
Financial$data$
All$data$
Other$
Health$data$

18. M A I N A R E A S :
9 . I N T E R M E D I A RY L I A B I L I T Y
1. Framework that provides a safe harbor
2. Notice and takedown requirement
1 0 . C O N T E N T A C C E S S
1. Censorship, filtering
2. Bandwidth, net neutrality

19. M A I N A R E A S :
1 1 . Q U A N T I TA T I V E T R A D E R E S T R I C T I O N S
1. Import restrictions
2. Local Content Requirements for commercial market
3. Export restrictions

20. M A I N A R E A S :
1 2 . S TA N D A R D S
1. Telecom network and base standards (Non-international
broadband, mobile, and ICT product standards)
2. Product safety certification (EMC/EMI, radio transmission)
3. Product screening and testing requirements
4. Encryption

21. M A I N A R E A S :
1 3 . O N L I N E S A L E S A N D T R A N S A C T I O N S
1. Barriers to fulfilment
2. Domain name (DNS) registration requirements
3. Online sales
4. Discriminatory/disproportionate consumer protection

22. N E X T S T E P S :
1. June-July: Stakeholders review on database
2. July: Stakeholders review on index
3. October: Launch report and website in Brussels
4. October - March: Advocacy and workshops to Governments
Website for peer review: http://staging.ecipe.org/dte/database/
Details for log in: please send your request to martina.ferracane@ecipe.org

23. M A R T I N A F R A N C E S C A F E R R A C A N E
E M A I L : M A R T I N A . F E R R A C A N E @ E C I P E . O R G
THANK YOU!

24. R E F E R E N C E S
ECIPE (2011), FUTURE-PROOFING WORLD TRADE IN TECHNOLOGY: Turning the WTO
IT Agreement (ITA) into the International Digital Economy Agreement (IDEA). ECIPE
Working Paper No. 04/2011, Brussels, http://www.ecipe.org/app/uploads/2014/12/
WP201104.pd

25. D I G I TA L T R A D E E S T I M A T E S :
T H E D A TA B A S E
Criteria for including a measure:
1. Directly targeting the digital economy (not necessarily
discrimination between national and foreign)
2. Horizontal target, but also impacting the digital economy
(often discriminating between national and foreign)