1. J Med Tech Assoc Thailand, Vol. 43 No. 1, April 2015 Review Article
The Differences of Nine Blood Groups System in the
Three Major Ethnicities of Human
Kallaya Kerdkaewngam* and Jintana Tubrod
Antiserum and Standard Cells Production Section, National Blood Centre, Thai Red Cross Society,
Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract
The Homo sapiens is classified into three main ethnicities: Caucasoids, Negroids and
Mongoloids.Eachethnicgroupisdifferentingenetictraitsandbloodtypes.Studyofbloodtypes
inhumansfromvariousethnicgroupsgivesbenefitinmanyfieldsofscience.TheNationalBlood
Centre, Thai Red Cross Society, with its important role in blood banks and transfusion services
has seriously studied the differences in blood types in response to availability of various ethnic
blood donors. Each ethnic group has specific differences in rare blood types. Some rare blood
types exist predominantly in Mongoloids such as variant MNS or Miltenberger subclasses and
Dia positive which were found in Thais at about 9.1 and 2.99%, respectively. Rare blood types
Fy(a-b-) were found in Negroids at about 67%. Caucasoids also have 15% of Rh negative blood
type. The study of rare blood types is absolutely essential for management of rare blood types
for transfusion services and reducing the risk of rare blood types shortage. Antiserum and
Standard Cells Production Section, National Blood Centre, produces standard cells including
screening cells, pool O cells and identification panel cells that require rare blood types as raw
materials in production. These products are distributed to blood banks in various hospitals
throughout Thailand for red blood cell antibodies screening and identification in blood donors
and patients who need blood transfusion.
Key words: Ethnicities, Caucasoids, Negroids, Mongoloids, Rare blood types
*Corresponding author E-mail address: kallayak@yahoo.com
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สรุปการศึกษาร้อยละของหมู่เลือดชนิดต่างๆ
มีความจำ�เป็นต่องานธนาคารเลือดและบริการโลหิต
เนื่องจากจะทำ�ให้สามารถหาrarebloodtypes ชนิด
ต่างๆ ที่มักจะขาดแคลนอยู่บ่อยครั้งให้เพียงพอกับ
ความต้องการได้
เอกสารอ้างอิง
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Table 1 Differences among rare blood types in the three major ethnicities of human
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Rh D (-) 15% 8% 0.3%
p 141 per million
(Sweden)
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Mia(+)
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