A diary is a record (originally in handwritten format) with discrete entries arranged by date reporting on what has happened over the course of a day or other period. A personal diary may include a person's experiences, thoughts, and/or feelings, excluding comments on current events outside the writer's direct experience.

1. Diary, Calendar & Greeting Cards
Diary
A ​diary ​is a record (originally in handwritten format) with discrete
entries arranged by date reporting on what has happened over the
course of a day or other period. A personal ​diary ​may include a
person's experiences, thoughts, and/or feelings, excluding
comments on current events outside the writer's direct experience.
Someone who keeps a ​diary ​is known as a diarist. Diaries
undertaken for institutional purposes play a role in many aspects of
human civilization, including government records (e.g. Hansard),

2. business ledgers, and military records. In British English, the word
may also denote a preprinted journal format. A ​diary ​is a collection
of notes.
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Today the term is generally employed for personal diaries,
normally intended to remain private or to have a limited circulation
amongst friends or relatives. The word "journal" may be
sometimes used for "diary," but generally a ​diary ​has (or intends to
have) daily entries, whereas journal-writing can be less frequent.
Although a ​diary ​may provide information for a memoir,
autobiography or biography, it is generally written not with the
intention of being published as it stands, but for the author's own
use. In recent years, however, there is internal evidence in some
diaries (e.g. those of Ned Rorem, Alan Clark, Tony Benn or Simon
Gray) that they are written with eventual publication in mind, with
the intention of self-vindication (pre- or posthumous), or simply
for profit.
By extension the term ​diary ​is also used to mean a printed
publication of a written ​diary​; and may also refer to other terms of
journal including electronic formats (e.g. blogs).

3. Etymology
The word ​diary ​comes from the Latin diarium ("daily allowance,"
from dies "day"). The word journal comes from the same root
(diurnus "of the day") through Old French jurnal (modern French
for day is jour).
The earliest use of the word refers to a book in which a daily record
was written was in Ben Jonson's comedy Volpone in 1605.
History
The oldest extant diaries come from ​M​iddle Eastern and East Asian
cultures, although the even earlier work To Myself (Τὰ εἰς

4. ἑαυτόν), today known as the Meditations, written in Greek by
the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius in the second half of the 2nd
century AD, already displays many characteristics of a ​diary​. Pillow
Books of Japanese court ladies and ​Asian​ travel journals offer some
aspects of this genre of writing, although they rarely consist
exclusively of diurnal records.
In the medieval Near East, Arabic diaries were written from before
the 10th century. The earliest surviving ​diary ​of this era which most
resembles the modern ​diary ​was that of Ibn Banna' in the 11th
century. His diary is the earliest known to be arranged in order of
date (ta'rikh in Arabic), very much like modern diaries.
The precursors of the ​diary ​in the modern sense include daily notes
of medieval mystics, concerned mostly with inward emotions and
outward events perceived as spiritually important (e.g. Elizabeth of
Schönau, Agnes Blannbekin, and perhaps also, in the lost
vernacular account of her visions, Beatrice of Nazareth).
From the Renaissance on, some individuals wanted not only to
record events, as in medieval chronicles and itineraries, but also to
put down their own opinions and express their hopes and fears,
without any intention to publish these notes. One of the early
preserved examples is the anonymous Journal d'un bourgeois de
Paris that covers the years 1405–49, giving subjective
commentaries on the current events. Famous 14th- to 16th-century

5. Renaissance examples, which appeared much later as books, were
the diaries by the Florentines Buonaccorso Pitti and Gregorio Dati
and the Venetian Marino Sanuto the Younger. Here we find records
of even less important everyday occurrences together with much
reflection, emotional experience and personal impressions.
In 1908, the Smythson company created the first featherweight
diary​, enabling diaries to be carried about.
Calendar (stationery)
A ​calendar ​is used to display dates and related information, usually
in a table format. ​Calendars ​are used to plan future events and keep
track of appointments, and so a typical ​calendar ​will include days of
the week, week numbering, months, public holidays and clock

6. changes. Printed ​calendars ​also often contain additional
information relevant for specific groups – for instance, a Christian
liturgical calendar will show holy days and liturgical colours, while
a ​calendar ​for amateur astronomers will highlight phases of the
moon, conjunctions and eclipses. Alongside their practical uses,
calendars ​have taken on a decorative purpose, offering an easy way
to introduce regularly changing artwork to a space, and have even
influenced art and sexuality by popularizing the pin-up style.
History
Ancient documents and inscriptions, such as from Rome and China,
include early forms of ​calendars​. Printing gave rise to many related
types of publication which track dates, of which ​calendars ​are just
one. The modern ​calendar ​evolved alongside others such as
almanacs, which collected religious, cultural, meteorological,
astronomical and astrological information in a table format;
practica, which gave astrological predictions for the year ahead;
and diaries for personal and professional use. The introduction of
broadside printing allowed a ​calendar ​to be printed on a single large
sheet of paper, differentiating the basic ​calendar ​from more
detailed diaries and practica. In the absence of accurate clocks,
calendars ​doubled as timekeeping aids - by noting the times of
sunrise and moonrise, ​calendars​ helped farmers tell the time while
in the fields.

7. Greeting card
A ​greeting ​card is an illustrated piece of card stock or high quality
paper featuring an expression of friendship or other sentiment.
Although ​greeting ​cards are usually given on special occasions such
as birthdays, Christmas or other holidays, such as Halloween, they
are also sent to convey thanks or express other feelings (such as to
get well from illness). Greeting cards, usually packaged with an
envelope, come in a variety of styles. There are both
mass-produced as well as handmade versions that are distributed
by hundreds of companies large and small. While typically

8. inexpensive, more elaborate cards with die-cuts or glued-on
decorations may be more expensive.
Hallmark Cards and American Greetings, both U.S.-based
companies, are the two largest producers of greeting cards in the
world today.
In Western countries and increasingly in other societies, many
people traditionally mail seasonally themed cards to their friends
and relatives in December. Many service businesses also send cards
to their customers in this season, usually with a universally
acceptable non-religious message such as "happy holidays" or
"season's greetings".
The Greeting Card Association is an international trade
organization representing the interests of greeting card and
stationery manufacturers. John Beeder, former president of the
Greeting Card Association, says greeting cards are effective tools to
communicate important feelings to people you care about: "Anyone
feels great when they receive an unexpected card in the mail. For
me, there’s nothing like a greeting card to send a special message.
I’m proud to be a part of an industry that not only keeps people
connected, but uses both imagery and the power of words to help us
express our emotions.”