9. Treatment
• Most acute diarrhoeas – Mild & self limited
• Indications for evaluation
– Profuse diarrhoea with dehydration
– Grossly bloody stools
– Duration >48 hrs without improvement
– Severe abdominal pain in patient >50years
– Elderly
– Immunocompromised patients
10. Treatment
• Fluid & electrolyte replacement
– Oral Rehydration Solution
– I.V fluids rehydration – Normal Saline, Ringers lactate
1. Replacement of established losses
48 hrs of mod diarrhea(6-10 stools/24hrs) 1-2 lit fluid
2.Replacement of Ongoing loss 200ml/episode
3.Replacement of normal daily requirement: 1-1.5 L
17. CONSTIPATION
• Infrequent passage of hard stools 2 or less
than 2 episodes per week
• Patient complain of straining, a sensation of
incomplete evacuation and abdominal
discomfort
20. Management Of Constipation
1. Lifestyle modifications
a.Adequate fibre intake in diet- 30gm per day
Fibres helps to promote movement of materials
through the digestive system and increases the
stool bulk
Eg. Wheat flour, beans and vegetables, spinach,
fruits
25. VOMITING
Vomiting: Forcible voluntary or involuntary
emptying of stomach contents through the
mouth
Nausea : uneasiness of the stomach that often
comes before vomiting
31. 3.Monitor urine output and look for signs of
Dehydration
4. Treat the underlying cause
Eg. Acute gastritis, Peptic Ulcer disease- PPI
Acute appendicitis- Emergency surgery
UTI - Antibiotics
32. Complications of Vomiting
1. Dehydration and Shock
2. Electrolyte Imbalance
3. Metabolic Alkalosis
4. Acute Renal Failure
5. Failure to wt gain/ Wt loss
6. Esophagitis