DHT321_01.pptx

IT FOR ACADEMIC
PURPOSES
FACULTY OF BUSINESS, HOSPITALITY AND
COMMUNICATION
PREPARED BY:
MS.KOMLAVATHI
Lecture 1

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D H T 3 2 1 I T F O R A C A D E M I C P U R P O S E S
L e c t u r e 1 : C o m p u t e r S y s t e m
1.1 Definition and Evolution of Computers
1.2 Introduction to Parts of Computers
1.3 Standalone Computers
1.4 Computer Networks, Operating Systems and Computer
Applications Software
1.5 Introduction to Windows
1.6 Managing Files with browsers
TOPIC OUTLINES

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CHAPTER AIMS
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
• Differentiate among laptops, tables, desktops and servers.
• Describe the relationship between data and information
• Briefly explain various input options, output options and storage options
• Differentiate the web from the Internet, and describe the relationship
among the web, webpages, websites, and web servers
• Differentiate between an operating system and applications
• Differentiate between wired and wireless technologies, and identify
reasons individuals and businesses use networks
• Discuss how society uses technology in education, government, finance,
retail, entertainment, health care, science, travel, publishing, and
manufacturing
• Identify technology used by home users, small/home office users,
mobile users, power users, and enterprise use

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Today’s Technology
• Technology enable to work and to access or search information more
efficiently and effectively.
• Technology are used in everything and everywhere.
– Share ideas, photos and videos with friends, family and others
– Communicate and meet others
– Shop for goods and services and manage finances
– Keep your life and activities organised
– Complete business activities
• People who uses technology to accomplish above said task called as
tech savvy.
• Digital literacy- having a current knowledge and understanding of
computers, mobile devices, the web, and related technologies.

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Advocates argue that computers add interest, reinforce skills,
and even improve behavior. Critics claim that computers
promote superficial thinking, lead to shortened attention
spans, and even damage vision and posture.
Based on the above stated statement, share you thoughts about the
merits of computers use in schools.
ACTIVITY

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Figure 1-1 People use a variety of computers, mobile devices, and apps every day.

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Computers
• A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory

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Desktop and All-in-Ones
All-in-Ones
(does not
contains a
tower
Desktop
Display
Tower
Figure 1-2 Some desktops have a separate tower; all-in-ones do not.

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Laptops
• Also called as notebook
computer, a thin and
lightweight mobile
computer with screen in
its lid and a keyboard in
its base.
Keyboard
Screen
hinges
Figure 1-3 A laptop is a widely used type of computer.

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Tablets
• Smaller then a laptop but
larger than a phone.
Figure 1-4 A slate tablet.

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Server
• A computer dedicated to
providing one or more
services to other computers
or devices on a network.
• A network is a collection of
computers and devices
connected together
Figure 1-5 A server provides services to other computers or devices on a network.

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Touch Screen
Gestures

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1. Which touch screen gesture allows you to move an object around
the screen?
2. A tower-style desktop uses the same case to house the screen and
the processing circuitry for a desktop. True or false?
3. What is a server?
Quick Quiz

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Mobile and Game Devices
Smartphone
Digital camera
Portable and digital media player
E-book reader
Wearable device
Game device

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• Data is a collection of unprocessed items, such as text, numbers, images,
audios and videos.
• Information conveys meaning to users
Data and Information
Data process Information

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Figure 1-6 A computer processes data into information. In this simplified example, the
item ordered, item price, quantity ordered, and amount received all represent data
(input). The computer processes the data to produce the cash register receipt
(information, or output).

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Input
Input device is an hardware
components that allows you to enter
data and instruction into a
computer or mobile device.
Output
Output device is any hardware
components that conveys
information from a computer or
mobile device.
Keyboards Printers
Pointing Devices Displays
Voice and video inputs
Scanner

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Inputs
Desktop Keyboard
Laptop Keyboard Virtual Keyboard
Mini Keyboard
On-screen Keyboard
Keyboards

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Inputs
Pointing
Devices
Touchpad
Mouse
Table 1-1 Mouse Operations
Operations Description Common uses
Point Move the mouse until the
pointer is positioned on
the item of choice
Position the pointer
on the screen
Click Press and release the
primary mouse button
(the left of the mouse)
Select or deselect
items on the screen
or start a program or
feature
Right-Click Press and release the
secondary mouse button
(the right of the mouse)
Display a shortcut
menu
Double-Click Quickly press and release
the primary mouse
button twice without
moving the mouse
Start a program or
program feature
Drag Point to an item, hold
down the primary mouse
button, move the item to
the desired location on
the screen and release
the mouse the button.
Move an object from
one location to
another or draw
picture

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Inputs
Voice and Video Input
You can speak instructions into a
microphone or wireless headset and
capture live video on a webcam for a
video call.

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A scanner
Inputs

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Output Devices
Printer 3-D Printer Display
Speaker,
earbuds and
headphones

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Memory and Storage
• Memory consist of electronic components that store instruction
waiting to be executed and the data needed by those instructions.
• Storage holds data, instruction and information for future use on
storage media.
• Storage device records and/or retrieves items to and from storage
media.
– Hard disks
– Solid-State Drives (SSD)
– USB Flash Drives
– Memory Card
– Optical Discs
– Cloud Storage

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Memory and Storage
Hard Disk Solid-State Drive

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USB Flash Drive Memory Card
Memory and Storage

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Optical Disc Cloud Storage
Memory and Storage

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What is an external hard
drive?
• A separate, portable,
freestanding hard disk or
SSD that usually connect
to the computer with a
cable.
Memory and Storage

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• Backing Up Computers and Mobile Devices
– Use a backup program, either included
with your computer’s operating system
or one that you purchase separately, to
copy the contents of your entire hard
drive to a separate device.
– Copy music, photos, videos, documents
and other important items to an
external hard drive, a USB flash drive
or a DVD.
– Subscribe to a cloud storage provider
– Schedule your files to be backed up
regularly.
Memory and Storage

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Programs and Apps
• Software (a program) consists of a series of related instructions,
organised for a common purpose, tells what task to perform and
how to perform.
Software
System
software
Application
software (or
application)

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• A set of programs that coordinates all the
activities among computer or mobile device
hardware.
• Microsoft’s Window, Apple’s Mac OS, Apple’s
iOS, or Google’s Android.
• To use an application, your computer or mobile
device must be running a operating system.
Operating
systems
• Or app for short, consist of programs designed to
make users more productive and assist with
personal tasks.
• Browsers is an example of an application.
Applications
Programs and Apps

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Shown here are the macOS and Windows operating systems for laptops and
desktops and the Android and iOS operating systems for smartphones. You
interact with these operating system interfaces by clicking or tapping their
icons or tiles.
Programs and Apps

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Table 1.2: Categories of Applications
Category Sample Applications Sample Uses
Productivity • Word processing
• Presentation
• Personal finance
• Schedule and Contract
Management
• Create letter and
documents
• Create visual aids
• Pay bills
• Organise appointments
Graphics and media • Photo editing
• Video and Audio editing
• Media Player
• Modify digital photos
• Modify recorded movie
clips
• View image, video,…
Personal Interest • Travel, Mapping and
Navigation
• Reference
• Educational
• Entertainment
• View maps and directions
• Look up in dictionaries
• Learn through tutors
• Check movie times
Programs and Apps

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Communications • Browser
• Email
• VoIP
• FTP
• Access and view
webpages
• Send and receive
messages
• Speak to other users
over internet
• Transfer items to and
from other computers
on the internet
Security • Antivirus
• Personal Firewall
• Spyware, Adware and
other Malware Removers
• Protect computer
against viruses
• Detect and protect
against unauthorized
intrusions
• Detect and delete
Programs and Apps (cont.)

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File, System and Disk
Management
• File Manager
• Search
• Image Viewer
• Screen Saver
• Display and Organise
files on storage media
• Locate files and other
items on storage media
• Display, copy, and print
contents of graphic files
• Shows moving image or
blank screen if no
keyboard or mouse
activity occurs/
Programs and Apps

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Communication and Networks
Chat rooms
Emails

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Instant Messaging
GPS

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Wired and Wireless Communication
• A communications device is hardware capable of transferring
items from computers and devices to transmission media and vice
versa
• Examples of wireless communications technologies include:
– Wi-Fi
– Bluetooth
– Cellular radio

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Modems, wireless access, and routers are examples of communications devices
that enable communications between computers/ mobile devices and the
Internet. Notice that some computers and devices communicate via wires, and
others communicate wirelessly.
Wireless
Wired

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• A network is a collection of computers and devices connected
together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and
transmission media
• Networks allows computers to share resources, such as hardware,
software, data and information.

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• Home Networks
– Connect to the Internet
– Share a single high-speed Internet connection
– Access photos, music, videos, and other content
– Share devices
– Play multiplayer games
– Connect game consoles to the Internet
– Subscribe to and use VoIP
– Interact with other devices in a smart home

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• Business Networks
– Facilitate communications
– Share hardware
– Share data, information, and software

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Staying in Sync
Synchronize or sync
computers and mobile
devices, match the files in
two or more location with
each other
One-way process
Also called as mirroring,
you add, change or delete
files in a destination
location without altering
the same file in the
original location.
Two-way process
Any changes made in one
location also is made in
any other sync location

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• Strategies for keeping your files sync include the following:
– Use a cable and software
– Use cloud storage
– Use web apps
Staying in Sync
Synchronization is an effective method of
organizing and sharing common files. What files
have you synced, such as photos, music and
emails? Which sync method did you use?

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Technology Uses
Education Government Finance Retail
Entertainment Health Care Science Travel
Publishing Manufacturing

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Technology Users
Home user Small/home office user Mobile User
Power user Enterprise user

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KEY TERMS
• App
• Application
• Backup
• Bluetooth
• Cloud storage
• Communication
device
• Computer
• Data
• Desktop
• Digital literacy
• Double-click
• File
• Hard drive
• Input device
• Keyboard
• Laptop
• Memory
• Mouse
• Network
• Operating
System
• Output device
• Portable media
player
• Printer
• Program
• Right-click
• Server
• Software
• Storage device
• Storage media
• USB flash drive

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List of references
1. Vermaat, M. E., Sebok, S. L., Freund, S.M., Campbell, J. T., and
Frydenberg, M. (2016), Discovering Computers: Tools, Apps, Devices and
the Impact of Technology. Cengage Learning.

DHT321_01.pptx

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