The utilization of energy has increased manifold because of the industrial revolution. The development of the induction motor by Nikola Tesla in 1888 triggered the increasing demand of electrical energy in the industrial world and also its usage for artificial lighting. Higher amount of energy required for present society is provided by means of electrical energy. Highly complicated power systems have been constructed to deal with the increasing demand. The development in electric power production is focused on the interconnecting the transmission lines, generators and loads into huge integrated systems, which helps in providing reliable and quality power system to the consumers.Power system stability is an idea that focuses on the way the system adjusts with the occurrence of disorder. These disorders can result because of switching off a load or a modification in the mechanical input to the system. Because of these disturbances oscillations may happen in the system that could ultimately build up to a larger extent, resulting in the synchronous generators to go out of step and lose synchronism.Due to the importance of the power system and its stability, there are several techniques developed by various researchers for the stabilization of the power systems. The paper addresses enhanced Artificial Bee Colony ABC technique applied to design a robust power system stabilizer PSS in order to improve transient and dynamic stabilities of a turbo alternator connected to an infinite bus system comparisons wind, thermal and solar power generations the design of the proposed controller initially is formulated as an optimization problem and then enhanced ABC is employed for obtaining optimal controller parameters. The results shows that the proposed algorithm are better in performance than the conventional methods. Mr. Qamar ul Zaman | Mr. Deepak Joshi | Mr. Yuvraj Ranawat "Development of Power System Stabilizer Using Modern Optimization Approach" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47776.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/47776/development-of-power-system-stabilizer-using-modern-optimization-approach/mr-qamar-ul-zaman
Steady State Operation And Enhancement Of Transient Stability In Hydel Power...IJMER
In this paper, the effect of STATCOM for improving the stability and steady state operation of
the hydel power system is investigated. The STATCOM is used to control power flow of power system by
injecting appropriate reactive power during dynamic state. Simulation results show that STATCOM not
only considerably improves transient stability but also compensates the reactive power in steady state.
Therefore STATCOM can increase reliability and capability of AC transmission system. To illustrate the
performance of the FACTS controller (STATCOM), a three machine nine bus, Multi-Machine Power
System has been considered.
Steady State Operation And Enhancement Of Transient Stability In Hydel Power...IJMER
In this paper, the effect of STATCOM for improving the stability and steady state operation of
the hydel power system is investigated. The STATCOM is used to control power flow of power system by
injecting appropriate reactive power during dynamic state. Simulation results show that STATCOM not
only considerably improves transient stability but also compensates the reactive power in steady state.
Therefore STATCOM can increase reliability and capability of AC transmission system. To illustrate the
performance of the FACTS controller (STATCOM), a three machine nine bus, Multi-Machine Power
System has been considered.
Improving Frequency Stabilization in Power System Network using Optimization ...ijtsrd
The new concept of Integrated Power Network Controls transcending Generation, transmission, Distribution and even Local Consumption, have been found to leverage on the reliability of the composite system unit controls if the robustness of the entire system to faults and interruptions would be optimized. This paper presents an improvement to frequency stabilization in power system network by developing an optimization network - the controller network or the optimization network controller using matlab code adjuster to get the desired stable frequency of 50Hz. The optimization network thus implements a widely acceptable and a global control scheme applicable to varied environments and situations. Aguodoh Patrick C. | Udeani Henrietta U."Improving Frequency Stabilization in Power System Network using Optimization Method" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd7017.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/7017/improving-frequency-stabilization-in-power-system--network-using-optimization-method/aguodoh--patrick-c
Comparison of FACTS Devices for Two Area Power System Stability Enhancement u...IJAPEJOURNAL
Modern Power Transmission networks are becoming increasingly stressed due to growing demand and restrictions on building new lines. Losing stability is one of the major threat of such a stressed system following a disturbance. Flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices are found to be very effective in a transmission network for better utilization of its existing facilities without sacrificing the desired stability margin. The static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and Static Var Compensator (SVC) are the shunt devices of the flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) family. When system voltage is low, STATCOM generates reactive power and when system voltage is high it absorbs reactive power whereas the Static Var compensator provides the fast acting dynamic compensation in case of severe faults. In this Paper, the performance of SVC is compared with the performance of STATCOM. Proposed controllers are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results indicate that the STATCOM controller installed with two machine systems provides better damping characteristics in rotor angle as compared to two machine system installed with SVC. Thus, transient stability enhancement of the two machine system installed with STATCOM is better than that installed with SVC.
Simulation of 3 Phase, 24 Pulse GTO Converter for Flow Control of Transmissio...ijtsrd
Gate Turn off GTO thyristor based power control controller for flow control of transmission system is used to regulate voltage and reactive power improment. GTO thyristor switching devices with high power handling capability and the advancement of the other type of power semiconductor devices such as IGBTs, MOSFETs, Ideal switch and so on have led to the development of fast controllable reactive power source utilizing new electronic switching and converter technology. Nowadays, the development of a large capacity Gate Turn off thyristor has made it possible to manufacture self commutated converter employing GTO thyristor for power applications. At present, most of the research on GTO thyristor has focused on their use in power electronic systems at high switching frequencies. GTO thyristor enable the design of the solid state shunt equipment based upon switching technology. The improved rating of GTOs made possible the use of voltage sourced converter VSC in power system applications. In this paper, GTO based voltage source converter VSC is used in high power Flexible AC Transmission Systems FACTS which are used to control power flow on transmission grids. It can be used to build a model of shunt or series static compensator STATCOM or SSSC or, using two such converters, a combination of shunt and series devices known as Unified Power Flow Controller UPFC . This paper has shown a basic application of MATLAB SimPowerSystems programming for 24 pulse GTO converter STATCOM. Zin Wah Aung | Aye Myo Thant | Hnin Yu Lwin "Simulation of 3-Phase, 24 Pulse GTO Converter for Flow Control of Transmission System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27887.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/27887/simulation-of-3-phase-24-pulse-gto-converter-for-flow-control-of-transmission-system/zin-wah-aung
Modeling Optimization Voltage Index Unified Power Flow Controller Equivalent ...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents an active-reactive power control strategy for voltage source converters (VSCs) based on derivation of the direct and quadrature components of the VSC output current. The proposed method utilizes a multivariable proportional-integral controller and provides almost completely decoupled control capability of the active and reactive power with almost full disturbance rejection due to step changes in the power exchanged between the VSC and the grid. It also imposes fast transient response and zero steady-state error as compared to the conventional power control approaches. The applicability of the proposed power control strategy for providing the robust stability of the system against the uncertainties of the load parameters is also investigated. The superiority of the proposed control strategy over conventional approaches in the new condition of supplying the load is demonstrated. The theoretical aspects of the proposed multivariable-based power control strategy and the conventional approaches are reviewed and simulation results are presented in two separate sections. MATLAB/Simulink 2009a is used to simulate different scenarios of the simulation.
A review on SVC control for power system stability with and without auxiliary...journalBEEI
Since the beginning of the last century, power system stability has been recognized as a vital problem in securing system operation. Power system instability has caused many major blackouts. This paper reviewed the previous technical works consisting of various methods of optimization in controlling power system stability. The techniques presented were compared to optimize the control variables for optimization of power system stability. Power system stability enhancement has been investigated widely in literature using different ways. This paper is focusing on SVC performance for enhancing power system stability either through SVC controlled itself or SVC controlled externally by other controllers. Static VAR compensators (SVCs) are used primarily in power system for voltage control as either an end in itself or a means of achieving other objectives, such as system stabilization.The analysis on performance of the previous work such as advantages and findings of a robust method approach in each technique was included in this paper.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
A New approach for controlling the power flow in a transmission system using ...IJMER
Electrical power systems is a large interconnected network that requires a careful design to maintain the system with continuous power flow operation without any limitation. Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) is an application of a power electronics device to control the power flow and to improve the system stability of a power system. Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a new concept for the compensation and effective power flow control in a transmission system.Through common DC link, any inverters within the UPFC is able to transfer real power to any other and there by facilitate real power transfer among the line. In this paper a test system is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the results of the network with and without UPFC are compared and when the voltage sag is compensated, reactive power is controlled and transmission line efficiency is improved.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Swing, voltage stability and power transfer capability in transmission system...eSAT Journals
Abstract In modern era, the increasing size of the power system, to maximize the use of existing systems and to provide adequate voltage support is an emphasis on finding solutions. This flexibility is needed electricity. Better placed than the Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) to control the flow of electricity, and to provide voltage support can be effective in turn resulting in less damage. The impact of these tools on line flow and bus voltage profile at random algorithm to determine the optimal number of ratings have been studied by keeping them better . The FACTS devices are expensive cause of that FACTS type, number and location of the FACTS devices is very important, for decide the optimal location and parameters of FACTS devices. FACTS are used in the following purposes: Transmission pricing issues by maximizing social welfare with or without consideration of FACTS’ costs; Better utilization of FACT by maximizing FACTS devices total transferred power; Reactive power or voltage control by minimizing transmission losses, or voltage fluctuation. Increase system’s security under emergency by minimizing transmission lines loadability. Power flow control, a current long transmission line, plays an important role within the energy system. The letter swings, long-distance transmission line voltage and power flow control in unified power flow controller (UPFC) based compensation associated series or shunt FACTS devices are employed. Devices such as the proposed transmission line, between the end of the sending and receiving end to the transmission line is used in places as different. Here also deals with determining the optimum placement of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) damping out swings, voltage and improves power transfer devices for a long transmission line. Here the concept of compensation mid-point of facts is presented for optimal placement. Keywords: Stability, first swings, rotor angle, power transfer, Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), reactive power
Location of Shunt FACTS Devices for First-Swing Stability Enhancement in Inte...Editor IJMTER
This paper deals with the location of shunt FACTS devices to improve transient stability
in a long transmission line with predefined direction of real power flow. Shunt Flexible AC
Transmission System (FACTS) devices, when placed at the mid-point of a long transmission line,
play an important role in controlling the reactive power flow to the power network and hence both
the system voltage fluctuations and transient stability. The validity of the mid-point location of shunt
FACTS devices was verified using Simulink, with different shunt FACTS devices, namely static var
compensator (SVC) and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) in a long transmission line
using the actual line model. It has been observed that the FACTS devices, when placed slightly offcentre towards sending-end, give better performance in improving transient stability and the location
depends on the amount of local/through load. The results are experimented and simulated on
MATLAB/Simulink environment.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Advance Technology in Application of Four Leg Inverters to UPQCIJPEDS-IAES
This article presents a novel application of four leg inverter with
conventional Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) Scheme to
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). The Power Quality problem
became burning issues since the starting of high voltage AC transmission
system. Hence, in this article it has been discussed to mitigate the PQ issues
in high voltage AC systems through a three phase Unified Power Quality
Conditioner (UPQC) under various conditions, such as harmonic mitigation
scheme, non linear loads, sag and swell conditions as well. Also, it proposes
to control harmoincs with various artificial intelligent techniques. Thus
application of these control technique such as Neural Networks (ANN)
Fuzzy Logic makes the system performance in par with the standards
and also compared with existing system. The simulation results based on
MATLAB/Simulink are discussed in detail to support the concept developed
in the paper.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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The new concept of Integrated Power Network Controls transcending Generation, transmission, Distribution and even Local Consumption, have been found to leverage on the reliability of the composite system unit controls if the robustness of the entire system to faults and interruptions would be optimized. This paper presents an improvement to frequency stabilization in power system network by developing an optimization network - the controller network or the optimization network controller using matlab code adjuster to get the desired stable frequency of 50Hz. The optimization network thus implements a widely acceptable and a global control scheme applicable to varied environments and situations. Aguodoh Patrick C. | Udeani Henrietta U."Improving Frequency Stabilization in Power System Network using Optimization Method" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd7017.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/7017/improving-frequency-stabilization-in-power-system--network-using-optimization-method/aguodoh--patrick-c
Comparison of FACTS Devices for Two Area Power System Stability Enhancement u...IJAPEJOURNAL
Modern Power Transmission networks are becoming increasingly stressed due to growing demand and restrictions on building new lines. Losing stability is one of the major threat of such a stressed system following a disturbance. Flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices are found to be very effective in a transmission network for better utilization of its existing facilities without sacrificing the desired stability margin. The static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and Static Var Compensator (SVC) are the shunt devices of the flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) family. When system voltage is low, STATCOM generates reactive power and when system voltage is high it absorbs reactive power whereas the Static Var compensator provides the fast acting dynamic compensation in case of severe faults. In this Paper, the performance of SVC is compared with the performance of STATCOM. Proposed controllers are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results indicate that the STATCOM controller installed with two machine systems provides better damping characteristics in rotor angle as compared to two machine system installed with SVC. Thus, transient stability enhancement of the two machine system installed with STATCOM is better than that installed with SVC.
Simulation of 3 Phase, 24 Pulse GTO Converter for Flow Control of Transmissio...ijtsrd
Gate Turn off GTO thyristor based power control controller for flow control of transmission system is used to regulate voltage and reactive power improment. GTO thyristor switching devices with high power handling capability and the advancement of the other type of power semiconductor devices such as IGBTs, MOSFETs, Ideal switch and so on have led to the development of fast controllable reactive power source utilizing new electronic switching and converter technology. Nowadays, the development of a large capacity Gate Turn off thyristor has made it possible to manufacture self commutated converter employing GTO thyristor for power applications. At present, most of the research on GTO thyristor has focused on their use in power electronic systems at high switching frequencies. GTO thyristor enable the design of the solid state shunt equipment based upon switching technology. The improved rating of GTOs made possible the use of voltage sourced converter VSC in power system applications. In this paper, GTO based voltage source converter VSC is used in high power Flexible AC Transmission Systems FACTS which are used to control power flow on transmission grids. It can be used to build a model of shunt or series static compensator STATCOM or SSSC or, using two such converters, a combination of shunt and series devices known as Unified Power Flow Controller UPFC . This paper has shown a basic application of MATLAB SimPowerSystems programming for 24 pulse GTO converter STATCOM. Zin Wah Aung | Aye Myo Thant | Hnin Yu Lwin "Simulation of 3-Phase, 24 Pulse GTO Converter for Flow Control of Transmission System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27887.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/27887/simulation-of-3-phase-24-pulse-gto-converter-for-flow-control-of-transmission-system/zin-wah-aung
Modeling Optimization Voltage Index Unified Power Flow Controller Equivalent ...IJMTST Journal
This paper presents an active-reactive power control strategy for voltage source converters (VSCs) based on derivation of the direct and quadrature components of the VSC output current. The proposed method utilizes a multivariable proportional-integral controller and provides almost completely decoupled control capability of the active and reactive power with almost full disturbance rejection due to step changes in the power exchanged between the VSC and the grid. It also imposes fast transient response and zero steady-state error as compared to the conventional power control approaches. The applicability of the proposed power control strategy for providing the robust stability of the system against the uncertainties of the load parameters is also investigated. The superiority of the proposed control strategy over conventional approaches in the new condition of supplying the load is demonstrated. The theoretical aspects of the proposed multivariable-based power control strategy and the conventional approaches are reviewed and simulation results are presented in two separate sections. MATLAB/Simulink 2009a is used to simulate different scenarios of the simulation.
A review on SVC control for power system stability with and without auxiliary...journalBEEI
Since the beginning of the last century, power system stability has been recognized as a vital problem in securing system operation. Power system instability has caused many major blackouts. This paper reviewed the previous technical works consisting of various methods of optimization in controlling power system stability. The techniques presented were compared to optimize the control variables for optimization of power system stability. Power system stability enhancement has been investigated widely in literature using different ways. This paper is focusing on SVC performance for enhancing power system stability either through SVC controlled itself or SVC controlled externally by other controllers. Static VAR compensators (SVCs) are used primarily in power system for voltage control as either an end in itself or a means of achieving other objectives, such as system stabilization.The analysis on performance of the previous work such as advantages and findings of a robust method approach in each technique was included in this paper.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
A New approach for controlling the power flow in a transmission system using ...IJMER
Electrical power systems is a large interconnected network that requires a careful design to maintain the system with continuous power flow operation without any limitation. Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) is an application of a power electronics device to control the power flow and to improve the system stability of a power system. Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a new concept for the compensation and effective power flow control in a transmission system.Through common DC link, any inverters within the UPFC is able to transfer real power to any other and there by facilitate real power transfer among the line. In this paper a test system is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and the results of the network with and without UPFC are compared and when the voltage sag is compensated, reactive power is controlled and transmission line efficiency is improved.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Swing, voltage stability and power transfer capability in transmission system...eSAT Journals
Abstract In modern era, the increasing size of the power system, to maximize the use of existing systems and to provide adequate voltage support is an emphasis on finding solutions. This flexibility is needed electricity. Better placed than the Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) to control the flow of electricity, and to provide voltage support can be effective in turn resulting in less damage. The impact of these tools on line flow and bus voltage profile at random algorithm to determine the optimal number of ratings have been studied by keeping them better . The FACTS devices are expensive cause of that FACTS type, number and location of the FACTS devices is very important, for decide the optimal location and parameters of FACTS devices. FACTS are used in the following purposes: Transmission pricing issues by maximizing social welfare with or without consideration of FACTS’ costs; Better utilization of FACT by maximizing FACTS devices total transferred power; Reactive power or voltage control by minimizing transmission losses, or voltage fluctuation. Increase system’s security under emergency by minimizing transmission lines loadability. Power flow control, a current long transmission line, plays an important role within the energy system. The letter swings, long-distance transmission line voltage and power flow control in unified power flow controller (UPFC) based compensation associated series or shunt FACTS devices are employed. Devices such as the proposed transmission line, between the end of the sending and receiving end to the transmission line is used in places as different. Here also deals with determining the optimum placement of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) damping out swings, voltage and improves power transfer devices for a long transmission line. Here the concept of compensation mid-point of facts is presented for optimal placement. Keywords: Stability, first swings, rotor angle, power transfer, Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), reactive power
Location of Shunt FACTS Devices for First-Swing Stability Enhancement in Inte...Editor IJMTER
This paper deals with the location of shunt FACTS devices to improve transient stability
in a long transmission line with predefined direction of real power flow. Shunt Flexible AC
Transmission System (FACTS) devices, when placed at the mid-point of a long transmission line,
play an important role in controlling the reactive power flow to the power network and hence both
the system voltage fluctuations and transient stability. The validity of the mid-point location of shunt
FACTS devices was verified using Simulink, with different shunt FACTS devices, namely static var
compensator (SVC) and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) in a long transmission line
using the actual line model. It has been observed that the FACTS devices, when placed slightly offcentre towards sending-end, give better performance in improving transient stability and the location
depends on the amount of local/through load. The results are experimented and simulated on
MATLAB/Simulink environment.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
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This article presents a novel application of four leg inverter with
conventional Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) Scheme to
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). The Power Quality problem
became burning issues since the starting of high voltage AC transmission
system. Hence, in this article it has been discussed to mitigate the PQ issues
in high voltage AC systems through a three phase Unified Power Quality
Conditioner (UPQC) under various conditions, such as harmonic mitigation
scheme, non linear loads, sag and swell conditions as well. Also, it proposes
to control harmoincs with various artificial intelligent techniques. Thus
application of these control technique such as Neural Networks (ANN)
Fuzzy Logic makes the system performance in par with the standards
and also compared with existing system. The simulation results based on
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The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
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Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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range of challenges. The systems that are developed
according to this are highly complicated in their
planning, construction, and operation. These various
difficulties motivate the engineer's managerial
abilities their knowledge in designing a better system.
The complete design should be based on automatic
control without requiring any time consuming input
from the system operators. Power system’s
flourishing function is highly based on the engineer's
capability to afford continuous and dependable
service to the loads. The consistency of the supply
power refers greatly more than simply being
available. Preferably, the loads should be provided
with constant frequency and voltage every time.
Practically, this represents that both frequency and
voltage should be maintained within close tolerances
therefore the consumer's system may function
adequately. Consider an illustration that a voltage
drop of 10-15% or a reduction of the frequency of the
system by just a hertz may result in halting of the
motor loads on the system. Therefore it will be
perfectly indicated that the power system stabilization
should be maintained with higher standard for
uninterrupted power supply.
Stability of the Power system is an idea that focuses
on the way the system adjusts with the occurrence of
disorder. These disorders are the resulting of
switching-off a load or a modification in the
mechanical input to the system. Because of these
changes in the system, oscillations happen in the
system that could ultimately build up and bigger to
result in the synchronous generators to lose
synchronism and go out of step.
Because of using fast static excitation system, while
offering a gain in stability limits, can also cause poor
system damping in case of some loading conditions.
Methods of Power System Stabilization have been
suggested for a long period to enhance the power
system damping. Conventionally, lead-lag networks
have been used as power system stabilizers. Much has
been used on the manner to adjust the factors of the
lead lag controller. These controllers in the past have
been adjusted for both single and multiple operating
points of power system. The techniques used for
adjusting range from pole placement, to recent one
using the heuristic optimization technique for Particle
Swarm Optimization (PSO) has been proposed by
Mozafari et al, (2005).
One of the major problems in power system operation
is related to small signal instability caused by
insufficient damping in the system. The most
effective way of countering this instability is to use
auxiliary controllers called power system stabilizers,
to produce additional damping in the system.
The highly complicated, dynamic activities and
nonlinearity of power systems, along with their
approximately continuously time variant nature, have
led to a great challenge to power system control
engineers for several years. A critical factor stumble
upon the generating plant level is to maintain
synchronism or stability of synchronous generators
when exposed to rigorous variations at different
operating situations. An inexpensive and successful
ways to increase the power system stabilization is the
most important consideration in the present situation.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW:
When a disturbance takes place, introduced voltage
from the phase shifter is given to damping control of
generator swing. Consequently, this controller is
expected to enhance steady-state stability. This
apparatus is also estimated to be a potential fault
current limiter by utilizing the leakage reactance of a
series transformer. An uncomplicated and novel
control approach for damping electromechanical
oscillations through control of power converter firing
angles α1 and α2 of SMES unit was proposed by
(Rabbani et al, 1999). Both active and reactive power
modulations are exploited under uneven -mode of
operation. The option of uneven mode is discussed in
detail by this author. The gains of this SMES
controller are given once offline based on the power
system and the rating of the SMES unit. This control
Algorithm is uncomplicated and its realization will
necessitate very little hardware.
Katsuya et al, (2000) presented a technique to
stabilize a power system with elongated distance
mass power transmission from a remote huge power
plant through a synchronous condenser with rapid
excitation control. Excitation controls of a generator
have accomplished enormous success as a PSS.
Synchronous condensers have been implemented in
great numbers to power systems for the purpose of
controlling the system voltage and reactive power
with elevated consistency. In this technique the
synchronous condenser with a devised excitation
control has been implemented for the stabilization of
a generator power swing by establishing the
synchronous condenser at a bus in the transmission
line near the generator. A design based on the
damping and synchronizing torques was developed by
this author. The application of H-infinity control is
also taken into account to build up a robust control
system.
A control scheme of the Static Synchronous Series
Compensator (SSSC) for fault current limiting and
power system stabilization has been proposed by
(Duangkamol et al, 2000). The apparatus introduces a
voltage of variable magnitude in sequence with a
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transmission line. This introduced voltage is in
quadrature with the line current. In normal condition,
it is controlled with the aim of compensating for
reactance of the transmission line.
When SSV of the augmented closed-loop system is
less than one, then the proposed approach is said to
achieve the robust performance. D-K iteration (open
and closed loop interconnected structure) technique is
used to provide solution to this problem, which gives
a lower and upper bound of synthesis.
Simulation results illustrated that the proposed
approach attains a better robust performance over a
wide range of operating conditions as compared to the
conventional power system stabilizers and H-infinity
control (achieving robust performance or
stabilization) power system stabilizer by (Soliman et
al, 2000). The electric energy of Plug-in Hybrid
Electric Vehicle (PHEV) is charged mainly during
night time when the electricity price is low.
Therefore, (Takagi et al, 2009) proposed a charging
power control of PHEVs to compensate the Load
Frequency Control (LFC) capacity in the night time.
The author proposes a control technique based on
Area Control Error (ACE) and frequency
characteristic of PHEV
III. MODELLING OF WIND POWER
SYSTEM WITH PSS
Power System experience low-frequency oscillations
due to disturbances. The oscillations may maintain
and grow to cause system separation if adequate
damping is not available. To increase system
damping, the generators are equipped with power
system stabilizers (PSSs) that provide supplementary
feedback stabilizing signals in the excitation systems.
In this work, a single synchronous generator
connected through a parallel transmission line to a
very huge network approximated by an infinite bus
(SMIB). The Power System Stabilizer (PSS) is an
additional excitation controller utilized to damp
generator, electro-mechanical oscillations is produced
in order to stabilize the grid and to protect the shaft
line.
In the proposed method, the H robust technique
named as Enhanced Artificial Bee Colony (EABC) is
implemented in order to improve the stability and the
damping performances in the exciter part of the
synchronous generator of wind turbine.
Fig 1:- 1 Block diagram of the modern SMIB
power system
The developed simulink model of the power system is
shown in the following figure Fig.2
Fig.2: Simulation Model of Power System
IV. Results & Analysis
Simulation results are carried out with EABC using
developed Simulink model and the responses are
recorded in the figure 3.3 active power, terminal
voltage, stator angle voltage, speed deviation. For the
comparative analysis, the same procedure is
performance measures such as damping coefficients,
static error, settling time and peak time are calculated
In this PSS design, an important subject is to evaluate
the designed PSS under power system condition
changing. The robustness of PSS should be evaluated
in various loading conditions and system operating
conditions.
The variation of operating conditions related to the
variation of transmission line parameters and the
active and reactive powers. Certain attention was
dedicated to the problem of the reactive power
consumption, which is very important for all electric
power systems and generating stations.
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V. CONCLUSION
A standard technique for automated designing a
power system stabilizer using enhanced Artificial Bee
Colony Optimization technique applied on the AVR-
PSS system of a turbo alternator to increase transient
stability and its robustness for a single machine
infinite bus system. Three cases were considered,
control with conventional PSS, PSS with H∞
technique and using a robust PSS based on enhanced
ABC optimization. The method presented in this
work illustrate that the efficiency, performance,
reliability and robustness of the power system has
been increased.
VI. References
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