Developing an urban barometer (Antonio Cañamas and Fabrice Murtin, OECD, France)
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This was presented by Antonio Cañamas and Fabrice Murtin (OECD) at the Impacts of Civic Technology Conference (TICTeC 2019) in Paris on 19th March 2019. You can find out more information about the conference here: http://tictec.mysociety.org/2019
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Developing an urban barometer (Antonio Cañamas and Fabrice Murtin, OECD, France)
- 1. TICTeC 2019 19th and 20th March, Paris Fabrice Murtin & Antonio Canamas TOWARDS AN OECD URBAN BAROMETER
- 2. Policy context Putting people’s well-being at the centre of policy action is key: • Well-being policies at national level (NZL, GBR, FRA) and sub-national level • SDGs: national and city-level People at the centre means: • Looking at average outcomes AND inequalities • Looking at both objective and subjective well-being outcomes Large spatial inequalities and segregation in objective well- being outcomes (income, longevity…) are well documented Spatial inequalities in subjective well-being and people’s perceptions of public services are unknown, but matter for: • Prioritisation of public investment (nature and location) • Inclusiveness, reduction of social tensions and building of social capital • Economic flourishing of disadvantaged local areas • Engagement with citizens and trust in local governments
- 3. • Local governments have a rich data architecture on objective outcomes (income, jobs, firms, health…) but are scarce on subjective well-being outcomes • Some survey attempts in the past (Mappiness) but they are of reduced scale and/or scope Data availability for local governments Local governments could benefit from a large scale database on people’s perceptions and well-being to improve policy-making
- 4. The OECD Urban Barometer WHY • Provide evidence on subjective well-being and service satisfaction at a more granular level (metropolitan level or intra-city) WHAT • An innovative tool to collect subjective well-being data from citizens. HOW • Key feature of the proposed Urban Barometer is a digital survey tool. • Existing sources of objective and subjective data WHOM • Relying on the engagement of citizens. Willingness of citizens to respond to the online survey will be key to build the Urban Barometer
- 5. Potential data sources for the OECD Urban Barometer • Introducing subjective aspects of life Traditional surveys • Easily accessible and low-cost surveys to collect subjective data (Facebook, twitter, etc.) Innovative survey • Regulators • Service providers Key stakeholders
- 6. A pilot study in Greater Paris Area (OECD, Science Po, Facebook) Spatial differences in life satisfaction are very large in the Greater Paris area • The spatial differences in life satisfaction almost exceed cross-country differences in life satisfaction within the OECD • Bobigny = Ukraine, Neuilly = Switzerland
- 7. Even larger differences exist within certain well-being domains Satisfaction with public spaces (parks, squares and open spaces) Feeling of security Job satisfaction Satisfaction with housing What explains the well-being gap?
- 8. • The OECD is looking for partners (e.g. local governments, Foundations, private sector) to run a pilot Urban Barometer in 5 cities • We will aim to compare our survey data with large- scale surveys existing for few cities (e.g. London) for external validation A project to be developed with partners
- 9. THANK YOU
Editor's Notes
- Why? Focus on well-being and inclusive growth. The objective of the Urban Barometer is to provide evidence on subjective aspects of well-being that can guide policy makers in designing policies that best address citizens’ needs. The Urban Barometer could help fill the current data gap by collecting data on subjective well-being and service satisfaction at a very granular level, which is rarely available to local authorities. What? An innovative tool to collect subjective well-being data. The Urban Barometer proposes a new, flexible way of collecting inputs from citizens. Digital technologies make it possible to create easily adaptable frameworks to poll citizens, and to learn and adapt from those experiences. The key feature of the proposed Urban Barometer is a digital survey tool. How? The key feature of the proposed Urban Barometer is a digital survey tool, which would be accessible on mobile devices and computers and would allow urban residents to easily answer questions about their well-being (Box 1.2). Data will be geo-localised to enable analysis and comparisons between different areas of a city. Integration with other sources of subjective data. Data from the Urban Barometer data can be combined with other sources of data. The idea is to link it (geospatially) to other forms of data already collected by cities, as well as with other sources of big data on well-being (including user satisfaction surveys produced by service providers, data produced by sectoral or economic regulators, etc.). Key: A participatory and accountable approach. The Urban Barometer relies partly on the engagement of citizens with the digital survey tool.
- Collecting subjective data on well-being at the right scale will require exploiting the potential of existing surveys at local level as well as combining them with new sources and methodologies. Ongoing initiatives have shown that there is an appetite across cities to understand further well-being at intra-city level. However, new developments will be required to obtain the necessary data at the right scale. Three avenues of action are therefore proposed here to obtain such subjective data: Traditional surveys could be revamped to introduce subjective aspects of life and be fine-tuned to allow for a coherent disaggregation by geographical units within the city. Social media platforms offer major opportunities to collect subjective data on well-being. These platforms provide an easily accessible and low-cost pool of potential respondents to surveys. Moreover, the geographical identification of these individuals provides avenues to disaggregate data within cities. Other less traditional data producers also have a role to play. Regulators (economic, sectoral) and service providers (public transport companies, energy suppliers, water companies, etc.) could be approached so that their subjective data collecting methods could be revisited to allow for comparisons within cities.
- A pilot project to test the feasibility of the Urban Barometer digital survey was conducted in 2017. The idea for the Urban Barometer stems from a pilot conducted in co-operation with the Sciences Po Policy Innovation Lab. A partnership was established between the Policy Innovation Lab with the Mairie de Paris and Facebook Paris, and the latter sponsored the pilot financially. Residents were recruited to respond to the survey using Facebook advertisements. Ads allowed for targeting respondents according to their age, gender and location (zip code). Respondents then navigated to an external website to respond to survey questions. Average response time required for around 20 questions was around 3 minutes. The pilot study targeted 4 arrondissements in Paris and 5 municipalities in the suburbs (banlieues) of Paris. The pilot study cost EUR 4 200 in advertisement costs, and yielded 2 382 responses.