Determination of viscosity of 5 different fluid and plotting variation of viscosity with temperature using Excel.

1. Determination of viscosity of 5 different
fluid and plotting variation of viscosity with
temperature using Excel.

2. • VISCOSITY :-
Viscosity is defined as the property of the fluid which occurs resistance to moment of one layer of fluid to over another
adjacent layer of fluid .
OR
It is the property of fluid by the virtue of fluid occurs resistance to deformation under the action of shear stress.
According to newton’s law viscosity tangent force .causes shearing of fluid layer and resulted shear stress is directly proportional to
rate of change of velocity with respect to distance from stationary plate.
𝐹 = 𝜇𝐴
𝑢
𝑦
𝐹= force
𝜇 = viscosity 0f the fluid
𝐴 = area of the plate
𝑢
𝑦
= rate of shear deformation

3. KINEMATIC VISCOSITY
The kinematic viscosity is defined as the absolute viscosity of a liquid divided by its
density at the same temperature.
V = μ/ρ
FLUID DYNAMIC VISCOCITY
(Ns/m²)
KINEMATIC
VISCOSITY(m²/S)
Water 1.00*10^-3 1.00*10^-6
Sea Water 1.07*10^-3 1.00*10^-6
Mercury 1.56*10^-3 1.15*10^-7
Kerosene 1.92*10^-3 2.39*10^-4
Diesel

4. Viscosity index
• An entirely empirical parameter which would accurately describe the viscosity-
temperature characteristics of the oils.
• The viscosity index is calculated by the following formula:
VI = (L - U)/ (L - H) * 10
where ,
VI is viscosity index
U is the kinematic viscosity
of oil of interest
L and H are the kinematic
viscosity of the reference oils

5. Effects of temperature
• The lubricant oil viscosity at a specific temperature can be either calculated from the
viscosity - temperature equation or obtained from the viscosity-temperature ASTM chart.
Viscosity-Temperature Equations

6. fig: Viscosity-temperature characteristics of selected oils

7. 1.WATER
The viscosity of water at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius is approximately 0.01 poise or 10-
3 Pa. s (Pascal seconds). Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid to deformation at a given
rate.
2. SEA WATER
The viscosity of sea water solutions has been measured in the temperature range 20 to 180°C
for salinities up to 150 g/kg. In the range 20 to 75°C measurements were made by master
viscometer, and above 75°C by a pressurized falling body viscometer.
.

8. 3.MERCURY
Most strikingly, mercury has really extraordinarily high surface tension, but is no more viscous
than cold water.
4.KEROSENE
Kerosene is a low-viscosity, clear liquid formed from hydrocarbons obtained from the fractional
distillation of petroleum between 150 and 275 °C (300 and 525 °F), resulting in a mixture with a
density of 0.78–0.81 g/cm3 (0.45–0.47 oz/cu in) composed of carbon chains that typically contain
between 10 and 16 carbon atoms

9. 5. DIESEL
2 diesel fuel has a viscosity in the range of 2.5–3.2 cSt at 40°C, and biodiesel consisting of the
methyl esters of soybean oil has a viscosity between 4.2 and 4.6 cSt (1,3–6).

10. Applications:-
• Selection of lubricants for various purpose.
- we can choose an optimum range of viscosity for engine oil.
- for high load and also for speed operation high viscous lubricants is required.
• In pumping operation
- for high viscous fluid high power will require.
- for low viscous fluid low power will require.
• In making of blend fuel
- less viscous fuels easy to mix.
• In the operation of coating and printing.

11. THANK YOU…