Design overall powerpoint

Design, Business, and Innovation Amanda Lastella
Design Thinking, Tim Brown
Created step-by-step representation of process of creating design
innovation

Inspiration
Considers problem facing business/ community
Technology, constraints, seeking out new ideas

Ideation
Proposed solutions
Creation of MANY prototypes
Communication

Design Thinking, Critical Question 1
What could happen if an innovator doesn’t test his or her
prototype, and instead moves on to the production phase of a
product?
“Companies are not required to provide any safety data
when they notify the agency about a new chemical, and
they rarely do it voluntarily…”
Ian Urbina: “Think those Chemicals have been Tested?”,
New York Times

Design Thinking, Critical Question 2
Why is communication a key component of the design thinking
process?
“…failure to ask important relevant questions”
Dennis S. Gouran: “A Critical Analysis of Factors Related to
Decisional Processes Involved in the Challenger Disaster“

Going Deeper, Seeing Further…
Consider the background of the costumers/ consumers

Layer those backgrounds to find patterns/ consistencies

See whether or not extreme ends of a spectrum can offer insight
into issue

Learn about backgrounds of employees within company
Can they be shifted?

Look into backgrounds of all people involved in business/
economic network

Ethnographic Research, Walking to Art Studio
Girl on left:
Carrying white
bag with art
projects
Girl on right:
Helping girl on
left carry black
box with art
supplies

Ethnographic Research, Watching Various EditedVideos
Guy in red sweatshirt
showing group video
editing app
He is leading
most of the
conversation

Ethnographic Research, Playing the Piano
Guy in red
sweatshirt playing
on piano for the
rest of the group
Piano against red
wall with various
drawings and
paintings hanging
above it

Ethnographic Research, Filming
Guy in red sweatshirt
recording girl in
leather jacket (not
seen in photo) using
video editing app he
had shown earlier
Room has video
games stacked
against the wall
(right) and clothes in
closet (centered
behind guy)

Ethnographic Research, Notes on Participants
The guy in the group appears deeply interested in film making,
including the girl wearing the black leather jacket in various edited
videos

Ethnographic Research, Additional Notes
Girl in black leather jacket likes to get involved and help others
carry equipment/ record content
Amanda LastellaDesign, Business, and Innovation

Ethnographic Research, Additional Notes
Girl in blue sweatshirt involved in art class, works outside on projects,
has a lot of supplies to carry around campus with her
Amanda LastellaDesign, Business, and Innovation

The ability to carry around equipment was limiting to all three
participants
The two girls: art equipment
The guy: camera/ filming equipment
Ethnographic Research Findings

Interviewing Humans
Interview’s main focus: the participants
Interviewer there merely as a guide

Interviewing Humans
Do NOT include personal stories/ anecdotes

Interviewing Humans
Since focus is on the participant, make him or her feel at ease
Helps participant open up

Interviewing Humans
Listen more than you speak
Goal is to gain more information from this person, keep that
focus

Interviewing Humans
Clarify vague answers
“Why is that?”, “Tell me more about that.”

Interview Planning: Introductions
Ok, so just start off with introducing yourself.
So, how are you doing?
What do you like to do for fun?
You’re a Hofstra student, right? What are some of your classes? What’s
your favorite class?

Interview Planning: Moving into Main Focus
What kind of art projects do you do? What was your favorite one?
What are some of the more difficult aspects of art?
Is there anything you wish you could change about the class? Is there
anything that would make the difficult parts of it easier to manage?

Interview Planning: Main Focus
How do you bring your art supplies to school everyday?
Is it easy to get those supplies to class?
What do you think would make it easier to get those supplies to class?
Would making it easier to get to different locations easily with your
supplies make you more motivated to do artwork?
Thank you so much for your time. Do you have any more comments
about what we discussed?

Edited Interview

Interview Findings
Process of making art
Time consuming
Drawing, planning piece/work, painting/drawing the
final product

Interviewing Findings
Supplies
Lots of supplies needed to make artwork
Expensive
Heavy, difficult to carry around
Takes more time to carry supplies

Peer to Peer Documentation
Girl in black jacket fixing hair with
mirror
Background:
Two beds, right one lined
with stuffed animals on top

Girl in black jacket fixing
brushing hair in front of large
mirror
Clothes hanging on bed post
One lamp lighting most of room
Mirror surrounded with jewelry
and hair products

Girl in flannel shirt
showing showing
charcoal
Girl in black looking
at tube of paint
Box on floor with art
supplies
Beds in background,
both unmade

Close up of art supply
box
Large paint tubes
in back (acrylic)
Top part of box (in
front) has various
pens, charcoals,
other drawing
supplies

Left: stack on video game covers,
remote on top
Top Right: different game systems
and other game discs either
stacked on top of each other or in
boxes
Bottom Right: school books and
folders

Peer to Peer Documentation Observations
Room
Low lighting
Pink walls with white, sparkly ceiling
Two unmade beds

Organization: Room
Many items thrown around room
Stacked on top of each other
Method to the madness: General idea of where items belong
ex. Video games on shelf, clothes in closet, stuffed
animals on bed

Organization: Supply Box
Heavy items in bottom compartment
-ex. Paint tubes
Light items on top “shelf”
-ex. Pens, pencils, charcoals

Peer to Peer Documentation Findings
Amount of “Stuff”
Supply box
All possible art supplies girl in flannel could need/use
Room
Various clothes, video games, game systems, remotes

Room:
Necessity for organization
Ability to put belongings in more clear, organized
spaces
Necessity for mobility
Difficult to find, gather, and carry belongings should
need to move arise

Supply Box:
Necessity for better mobility
Box itself very large, difficult to manage/ carry around
Heavy
Lots of supplies in one place

Desk Research, Business Sites
“There’s Magic in Mess: Why you should Embrace a Disorderly
Desk”
Disorder creates order in itself
Messy piles on desk create computer-like memory
cache
https://www.ft.com/content/e6f82da0-8b4d-11e6-8cb7-e7ada1d123b1

“Interview: Artist Susan Rothenberg”
Describes art process
”….has been known to repaint even after the canvases have
been hung on the gallery walls.”
”’I threw out a lot of work… I started it…. my usual process…
then I just thought, I don’t want it in my studio.’”
https://www.ft.com/content/667f8384-83bf-11e6-8897-2359a58ac7a5

“Pure Storage: Not Whirr-king Out”
Failing storage company
Trying to replace old hard disc drives with flash storage
Most customers moving to cloud, removing need for
storage, and this company, altogether
https://www.ft.com/content/b597a666-7fa2-11e6-8e50-
8ec15fb462f4?ftcamp=published_links%2Frss%2Flex%2Ffeed%2F%2Fproduct

“Nano-Machine Inventors win Nobel Chemistry Prize”
Creation of nano-machines through organic material
“’…demonstrates how the miniaturization of technology
can lead to a revolution’”
https://www.ft.com/content/ac7ac9aa-8add-11e6-8aa5-f79f5696c731

“Nvidia Shows off Smaller Artificial Intelligence Computer for
Baidu Car”
Creating more efficient AI computer for self-driving cars:
SMALLER system- systems like this more in demand,
progression towards smaller technologies
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-nvidia-computer-idUSKCN11J08F

Design Thinking for Educators, Ideo
Overall guide for teachers to use design thinking process in and
out of classroom
Mainly focuses on the process of design thinking, and uses
the field it’s addressing (education) as examples or
supplements

Goes over issues faced by most teachers
ex. Students not focusing, parents not communicating,
rooms can’t promote learning for different types of students,
teachers don’t cooperate

Introduces design thinking as a “mindset,” different way of
looking for solutions (pg.11)
”Human centered”- promotes “empathy” between
coworkers and those affected by given system
”Collaborative”- encourages team-building
”Optimistic”- belief that change can occur
”Experimental”- allows for sharing of new ideas and
embraces failure as a means to success

Encourages “stepping out of your zone of comfort” (pg.16)
Aids in discovery of new ideas
Allows for communication between groups that wouldn’t
otherwise reach out to one another
Helps break “routine”

Gives steps teachers from Ormondale Elementary School used to
redesign their school:
Discovery
Interpretation
Ideation
Experimentation
Evolution

Process begins with identifying the issue- similar to “ideation”
stage from Tim Brown
List current or future problems
Keep issue as simple as possible
Work out time and financial constraints

Notes how to “Define your Audience”- learning about all the
people that will be involved/ affected by process:
People directly involved with study
Colleagues/ administrators
Outlier groups/ extremes

Selecting Research Participants
Create specific descriptions of possible participants
Plan where interview will take place and possible activities
Take notes on interview

Preparation for Interviews
Create question guide
Get all contact details
Have camera
Thank you gifts (if necessary)

Using participants’ self-documentation
Helps understanding a person’s viewpoint/ experiences

Interpretation
Take information and makes “insights”
“Involves storytelling”

Methods for sharing stories:
Make dedicated space
Listen to everyone’s stories
Take bits of information and record for whole group

What to include in stories:
”Personal details”
Draw attention to most useful or interesting parts
“Motivations” and frustrating “barriers” of participants
How participants interacted with environment
”Remaining questions”

Putting together larger themes of findings:
Connect stories together
Show findings to others to get outside opinions
Let go of unimportant findings

Brainstorming preparations
Have a “well-defined topic” in mind
Use a room with lots of space to facilitate movement
Use tools like post-its and markers
Include people outside of working group
Limit sessions to an hour to have consistent focus

Encourage building off of ideas
Don’t limit others’ proposals or try to throw them out,
they can be inspiration or fuel for another idea

“Reality Check”
Examine the idea itself: what does it really mean?
Keep constraints in mind and come up solutions for those
Build on idea
Let go of implausible ideas

Types of prototypes:
Storyboard- imagine complete experience involved with
idea through images, sketches, text, cartoons, etc.
Fake advertisement- promoting best parts of idea
Model- 3-D representation of idea
Role-play- outlines experience felt through idea

Refining the idea in the future
Find new tasks to improve idea and assign leaders for those
tasks
Make a timeline for identified tasks
Create regular check-in meetings (about 30 minutes long) to
keep group updated, share concerns, and come up with
new ideas

Create larger network/ community to share ideas with
Invite “colleagues, experts, and friends”
”Include people you feel comfortable sharing new ideas and
frustrations with”
Create check-in meetings for this larger group, too

Item being shrunk and device itself
Location of item at start of process
Process to shrink item
Calling up item in database
Enlarging item back to normal size
Infographic Elements

Infographic Sketches

Infograph

Design overall powerpoint

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