Delovino, Orbital Shapes.pptx
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Orbitals are 3-D regions where electrons are most likely to be found in an atom. There are different types of orbitals including s orbitals which are spherical, p orbitals which are dumbbell shaped, and d orbitals which have complex four-leaf clover shapes. Each orbital can hold up to two electrons. The energy levels determine how many orbitals and total electrons they can accommodate, with the first level holding two electrons in an s orbital and higher levels adding more p and d orbitals.
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- 1. Shapes of Orbitals Mary An Delovino
- 2. What are Orbitals? • Orbital — a 3-D region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons. • • s orbital — spherical • • p Orbital — dumbbell shaped • • d Orbital — complex shapes (usually four- leaf clovers)
- 3. How Orbitals Work? • Each orbital holds a total of 2 electrons, whether it is a s, p, d, or f orbital. • Energy level 1 only holds one s orbital, so it can have a max of 2 electrons. • EL 2 holds one s orbital and three p orbitals, a total of 8 electrons. • EL 3 holds one s, three p, and five d which is a total of 18 electrons. • EL 4 holds one s, three p, five d, and seven f which is a total of 32 electrons.
- 4. 1s Orbital • Sphere around the nucleus The one tells you that the electron is in the orbital closest to the nucleus • S tells you about the shape
- 5. 2s Orbital • Similar to 1s except the electron is most likely in the region farther from the nucleus
- 6. p Orbitals • At the first energy level there is only the 1s orbital, after the second energy level there are 2p orbitals • Look like dumbbells • In the three directions
- 7. D Orbitals • d orbitals can go at 45 degree angles or go along one and have a circle around the center which involves the other axis.
Editor's Notes
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