Reaching Self-Organization Through Gradual Delegation
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Agile Tour Beirut 2014 Speaker: Jad Harb
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Reaching Self-Organization Through Gradual Delegation
- 2. Intro Delegation poker Game How to reach to self organization Techniques for delegation Take away Our Journey… 5 min
- 3. Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
- 4. Agile principle: The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from self-organizing teams.
- 5. Goal: Self Organized Team
- 6. What do you think Self Organized teams look like?
- 8. Intro Delegation poker Game How to reach to self organization Techniques for delegation Take away Our Journey… 55 min
- 9. Delegation Poker © Jurgen Appelo version 0.99 management30.com Facilitated by Jad HARB
- 10. Delegation Poker version 1.01 This game is part of the Management 3.0 course. You can find a description of the game at the following location: http://www.management30 .com/delegation-poker/
- 11. 1.Tell: you tell how it has to be done, you decide 2.Sell: you sell a decision, but you decide 3.Consult: You consult the other before making the decision 4.Agree: All agree on the decision (best via consensus) 5.Advise:You advise the others, but the others decide (even without your agreement) 6.Inquire: ask feedback after decision by team others decide and inform you about the decision 7.Delegate: no influence, let team work it out others decide and it can be that you even don't get informed about it
- 12. Game: Delegation Poker Good news!? You have been promoted to manager, and you have to deal with various and different situations you face. 1. Everyone read the displayed story 2. Everyone choose (privately) one of the 7 cards 3. After everyone has decided, show all cards 4. look at the highest number that was played 5. If the highest number is minority then the score is not counted 6. Keep track of the points people earned 30 minutes
- 13. Highest number is 7 1 out of 5 choose 7 7 is minority Everyone scores except 7
- 14. Highest number is 6 3 out of 5 choose 6 6 is majority Everyone scores
- 15. Highest number is 4 2 out of 5 choose 4 4 is minority Everyone scores except 4
- 16. Delegation Poker Stories 1. Create Design: A new team consists of five developers, none of them with experience in Agile software development. They are going to build a small e- commerce web application. The team has learned about emergent design, and they tell you (their manager) that they want to make their own decisions about software design issues. You have a little experience with design yourself, but not much. What authority level will you give them?
- 17. 2. Create Architecture: An experienced software team is asked to build a component that monitors and regulates the flow of car traffic with smart traffic lights. There is nothing they can reuse, so they have to start from scratch. What authority level for creating the architecture will you give them now?
- 18. 3. Choose a New CRM application: Your CRM application has reached its limits and can’t cope anymore with the rapidly evolving business needs. The management appointed you and your team to lead the study of which tool is best suited for the organization. This is a first time you deal with such a project, with global impact on the whole organization. What authority level for doing the study will you give them?
- 19. 4. Organize Entertainment: A new team consists of a mix of experienced and inexperienced employees. They plan to organize a game night for all employees at the office on a Friday night. There is a fixed budget available. How will you authorize the team to organize this event?
- 20. 5. Form Teams: A number of experienced agile employees claim that the traditional way of forming teams by management doesn’t work well. They believe they are capable of forming their own teams around the projects that are handed to them. What will you do?
- 21. 6. Hire Employees: You wish to involve existing team members in the recruitment and hiring of new employees. What authority level will you give them for decisions concerning various job candidates?
- 22. 7. Design Product: You’re starting a new business unit within your company, and you were able to select a few employees to join you in building and launching an innovative new product. A new logo is needed to represent that product. What authority level will you give the team to design the logo?
- 23. 8. Design Process: One of your teams has delivered an application with major bugs in it, which cost their customer a lot of money. The team claims that the custom in-house process was to blame, and for their next project they want full authority over their own process, so that they can implement a bigger and stricter process. What will you do?
- 24. 9. Select Tools: Your experienced agile team wants to throw out the standard development environment which is in use at your company, and they want to switch to another they think is a better match with their project. How will you authorize them?
- 25. 10. Organize Trips: Some employees get together and plan to organize a day trip to the local zoo for all employees and their families. They ask the company to provide a small fixed budget for tickets and some food. What authority level will you give them?
- 26. Conclusion Delegation of authority is not trivial Delegation of authority is gradual
- 27. Intro Delegation poker Game How to reach to self organization Techniques for delegation Take away Our Journey… 5 min
- 28. self-organization happen through gradual delegation of authority management self-organization self-organization is often complex, not chaotic Sometimes it needs a little management and lot of empowerement
- 29. Empowerment is implementing distributed control by delegating authority
- 30. Empowerment Happens only when 4 types of trust exist 1) Trust your people (communicate this clearly)
- 31. 2) Earn trust from your people (consistent behavior)
- 32. 3) Help people to trust each other (mingle, don’t meddle)
- 33. 4) Trust yourself (stay true to your own values)
- 34. The four types of trust
- 35. How to reach self organization? • Gradual delegation of authority • Empowerment • Trust
- 36. Intro Delegation poker Game How to reach to self organization Techniques for delegation Take away Our Journey… 10 min
- 38. RACI Matrix However… Key decision areas are better than tasks. There should be no separation of accountable versus responsible in Agile teams
- 40. Situational Leadership Storming Forming Norming Performing
- 41. Situational Leadership However… It might be good to distinguish between informing people (push your opinion) vs. consulting them (pull their opinions)
- 42. Now let’s get inspired by the two previous techniques and try to come up with something that adresses their limitations
- 43. Key Decision areas instead of tasks Introduce the advise, inquire and the consult
- 44. Delegation Boards Seven Levels of Authority Key Decision Areas teams or people
- 45. Delegation Boards flow from left to right to reach self organized team
- 46. Delegation/authority boards are controlled by the manager
- 47. Delegation Boards • Aligns manager vision with team vision • Removes doubts about roles and responsibilities • Roadmap for self-organization
- 48. Treat delegation as an investment
- 50. Intro Delegation poker Game How to reach to self organization Techniques for delegation Take away Our Journey… 10 min
- 51. Take away • Delegation is not something trivial • Delegation depends on the team maturity and level of experience • Self-organization happens through gradual delegation of authority • Self-organization happens through empowerment • Empowerment requires the existence of 4 types of trust • Delegation board serves as roadmap for self-organization
- 52. شكرا
- 53. Thank to our sponsors
- 54. Thanks to our support sponsors & partners Partner Partner Partner Support Sponsor Support Sponsor Media Partners
Editor's Notes
- This is an agile principle, what do you think self organized teams are? Agile teams are self organized in a given framework, in the light of achieving the ultimate objective which is deliver the maximum amount of value to the customer. What we gonna see today throughout the game are the challenges faced in having self organized teams and then come up with maybe something that can help to reach to this stage a self organized team! The game will let us identify where to put the cursor, is it towards a complete anarchy or a complete dictatorship…
- If the people with the highest number are not a minority, everybody wins points. But you only win points according to your card’s value.
- Another example: suppose only one person chooses 7.
- Make sure everyone pays attention to these examples. They make it quite clear how it works. Suppose 3 people at the table choose 6, the others choose 4 and 5. You always look at the highest number that was played, in this case 6.
- Make sure everyone pays attention to these examples. They make it quite clear how it works. Suppose 3 people at the table choose 6, the others choose 4 and 5. You always look at the highest number that was played, in this case 6.
- Most Agile books seem to assume that organizations come from the ordered part of the spectrum, and have to “let go” over strict management. But many other organizations (like in my own experience) are in the chaotic part of the spectrum. They need a little bit more management. (I did that by imposing Scrum, and it worked.) See book: page 102-103
- Some managers forget to tell their teams that they trust them. If you explicitly tell people you trust them you may increase their commitment and loyalty. See book: page 138-139
- I have seen managers requiring certain behavior from employees (for example, “be more disciplined”) while they rarely showed such behavior themselves (for example, never being on time in meetings). You destroy trust if you don’t lead by example and show the behavior you also expect from others. See book: page 139-140
- Sometimes team members keep asking the manager to help them solve issues. This may be an indication that they don’t trust each other enough to make good decisions. You can increase trust between people in a team by not giving them solutions to their problems. Let them figure it out together first. See book: page 140
- This seems a bit cheesy. But I have it from a book by Scott Berkun. If you don’t trust your own behavior, if you don’t live up to your own value system, then how can you expect other people to trust you? Trust yourself first, before building trust relationships with others. See book: page 140-141
- So these are the four types of trust. A manager needs to work on all of them.
- Now we get more practical...
- Adaptive leadership refers to the concept of adapting how we lead a team based on the specific circumstances and how mature the team is in its formation. Team formation follows the stages of Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing
- Adaptive leadership refers to the concept of adapting how we lead a team based on the specific circumstances and how mature the team is in its formation. Team formation follows the stages of Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing
- Put the 7 levels of authority horizontally on a board. Determine which teams or individuals are authorized to do what, and at what level.
- Put the 7 levels of authority horizontally on a board. Determine which teams or individuals are authorized to do what, and at what level.
- Aligns manager vision with team vision through a common ground on maturity levels on key decision areas Aligns manager vision with team vision through a common ground on maturity levels on key decision areas Removes doubts about roles and responsibilities People should not walk into “invisible electric fences” Serves as roadmap for gradual delegation of authority and empowerment.
- You must treat delegation as an investment. It doesn’t pay back for itself immediately. It takes a while... See book: page 133-134