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Rocks
Rocks are everywhere. Some are as large as a mountain. Others are
smaller than a grain of sand. Minerals make up rock. Rock forms in
different ways.
Earth consists of mostly different kinds of rocks. Rock is natural,
solid, nonliving material made of one or more minerals. A mineral is a
natural material that forms from nonliving matter.
You can tell rocks apart by looking at their physical properties. Some
physical properties are color, what minerals they are made of and
texture.
Rocks can be placed into three main groups. Each group contains
many kinds of rocks.
Igneous Rock
This type of rock is made from the lava of a volcano. Deep inside
the earth, rocks are melted and become magma. When magma comes
out of the volcano, it is called lava. If the lava cools quickly, it will
make a smooth and shiny rock. If the lava cools slowly, it will form a
rock with tiny holes and gas bubbles in it.
Sedimentary Rock
This type of rock is made out of sand, shells, pebbles and other
materials. Together, these particles are “sediment.” Slowly the
sediment gathers up in layers. Over time it turns into rock! Fossils
are usually found in this type of rock.
Metamorphic Rock
Metamorphic means “that changes form.” Metamorphic rock is a
rock that has been changed by heat, pressure or both. This type of
rock is made beneath the surface of the earth. It has ribbon-like
layers, caused by the heat. Some of these rocks have shiny crystals
on them.

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deforestation information for project pdf

  • 1. Rocks Rocks are everywhere. Some are as large as a mountain. Others are smaller than a grain of sand. Minerals make up rock. Rock forms in different ways. Earth consists of mostly different kinds of rocks. Rock is natural, solid, nonliving material made of one or more minerals. A mineral is a natural material that forms from nonliving matter. You can tell rocks apart by looking at their physical properties. Some physical properties are color, what minerals they are made of and texture. Rocks can be placed into three main groups. Each group contains many kinds of rocks. Igneous Rock This type of rock is made from the lava of a volcano. Deep inside the earth, rocks are melted and become magma. When magma comes out of the volcano, it is called lava. If the lava cools quickly, it will make a smooth and shiny rock. If the lava cools slowly, it will form a rock with tiny holes and gas bubbles in it.
  • 2. Sedimentary Rock This type of rock is made out of sand, shells, pebbles and other materials. Together, these particles are “sediment.” Slowly the sediment gathers up in layers. Over time it turns into rock! Fossils are usually found in this type of rock. Metamorphic Rock Metamorphic means “that changes form.” Metamorphic rock is a rock that has been changed by heat, pressure or both. This type of rock is made beneath the surface of the earth. It has ribbon-like layers, caused by the heat. Some of these rocks have shiny crystals on them.