First order orthotropic shear deformation equations for the linear elastic bending response of rectangular
plates are introduced. Their solution using a computer program in FORTRAN language based on finite differences
implementation of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is outlined. The convergence and accuracy of the DR
solutions for elastic linear response of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates are established by comparison with
various exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation method (DR) coupled with Finite
Differences method (FD) shows a fairly good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the
present study. It was found that the DR linear theory program using uniform meshes can be employed in the analysis
of different thicknesses and length to side ratios for isotropic, orthotropic and laminated fibrous plates under uniform
loads in a fairly good accuracy. These comparisons show that the type of mesh used (i.e. uniform or graded) is
responsible for the considerable variations in the mid – side and corner stress resultants. It is found that the
convergence of the DR solution depends on several factors including boundary conditions, meshes size, fictitious
densities and applied load. It is also found that the DR linear theory can be employed with less accuracy in the
analysis of moderately thick and flat isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads. It is also found
that the deflection of the plate becomes of an acceptable value when the length to thickness ratio decreases. For
simply supported (SS1) edge conditions, all the comparison results confirmed that deflection depends on the direction
of the applied load and the arrangement of the layers.
The convergence and accuracy of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) solutions for elastic
large deflection response are established by comparison with various exact and approximate
solutions. New numerical results are generated for uniformly loaded square laminated plates
which serve to quantify the effects of shear deformation, length to thickness ratio, number of
layers, material anisotropy and fiber orientation.
It was found that linear analysis seriously over predicts deflection of plates. The shear
deflection depends greatly on a number of factors such as length to thickness ratio, degree of
anisotropy and number of layers. As the degree of anisotropy increases, the plate becomes
stiffer and when it is greater than a critical value, the deflection becomes virtually
independent on the degree of anisotropy. It was also found that deflection of plates depends
on the angle of orientation of individual plies and the size of load applied.
A comprehensive literature review on different theories of laminated plates have been
reviewed and discussed thoroughly. It has been found that there are two main theories of
laminated plates which are known as linear and nonlinear theories. The two theories are
depending on the magnitude of deformation resulting from loading the given plates. The
difference between the two theories is that the deformations are small in the linear theory,
whereas they are finite or large in the nonlinear theory.
In comparisons between FEM and different numerical methods it has been found that
FEM can be considered of acceptable accuracy, and can also be applied to different
complicated geometries and shapes.
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the geometrically nonlinear laterally loaded,
rectangular laminated plates. The analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse
shear deformation. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence and accuracy of the DR
solutions for elastic large deflection response are established by comparison with various exact and
approximate solutions. New numerical results are generated for uniformly loaded square laminated
plates which serve to quantify the effects of shear deformation, length to thickness ratio, number of
layers, material anisotropy and fiber orientation.
It was found that linear analysis seriously over predicts deflection of plates. The shear
deflection depends greatly on a number of factors such as length to thickness ratio, degree of
anisotropy and number of layers. As the degree of anisotropy increases, the plate becomes stiffer and
when it is greater than a critical value, the deflection becomes virtually independent on the degree of
anisotropy. It was also found that deflection of plates depends on the angle of orientation of individual
plies and the size of load applied.
First order orthotropic shear deformation equations for the nonlinear elastic bending response of rectangular plates are introduced. Their solution using a computer program based on finite differences implementation of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is outlined. The convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions for elastic large deflection response of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates are established by comparison with various exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation method (DR) coupled with finite differences method shows a fairly good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the verification scheme.It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution is dependent on several factors including boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also, the DR large deflection program using uniform finite differences meshes can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads. All the comparison results for simply supported (SS4) edge conditions showed that deflection is almost dependent on the direction of the applied load or the arrangement of the layers
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the analysis of geometrically linear laterally loaded, rectangular laminated plates. The analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse shear deformations. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates for elastic small deflection response are established by comparison with different exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method shows a good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the verification scheme. It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution were dependent on several factors which include boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also, the DR small deflection program using uniform meshes can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads in a fairly good accuracy.
A composite material can be defined as a combination of two or more materials that
gives better properties than those of the individual components used alone. In contrast to
metallic alloys, each material retains its separate chemical, physical, and mechanical
properties. The two constituents are reinforcement and a matrix. The main advantages of
composite materials are their high strength and stiffness combined with low density when
compared to classical materials. Micromechanical approach is found to be more suitable for
the analysis of composite materials because it studies the volume proportions of the
constituents for the desired lamina stiffness and strength.
The convergence and accuracy of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) solutions for elastic
large deflection response are established by comparison with various exact and approximate
solutions. New numerical results are generated for uniformly loaded square laminated plates
which serve to quantify the effects of shear deformation, length to thickness ratio, number of
layers, material anisotropy and fiber orientation.
It was found that linear analysis seriously over predicts deflection of plates. The shear
deflection depends greatly on a number of factors such as length to thickness ratio, degree of
anisotropy and number of layers. As the degree of anisotropy increases, the plate becomes
stiffer and when it is greater than a critical value, the deflection becomes virtually
independent on the degree of anisotropy. It was also found that deflection of plates depends
on the angle of orientation of individual plies and the size of load applied.
A comprehensive literature review on different theories of laminated plates have been
reviewed and discussed thoroughly. It has been found that there are two main theories of
laminated plates which are known as linear and nonlinear theories. The two theories are
depending on the magnitude of deformation resulting from loading the given plates. The
difference between the two theories is that the deformations are small in the linear theory,
whereas they are finite or large in the nonlinear theory.
In comparisons between FEM and different numerical methods it has been found that
FEM can be considered of acceptable accuracy, and can also be applied to different
complicated geometries and shapes.
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the geometrically nonlinear laterally loaded,
rectangular laminated plates. The analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse
shear deformation. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence and accuracy of the DR
solutions for elastic large deflection response are established by comparison with various exact and
approximate solutions. New numerical results are generated for uniformly loaded square laminated
plates which serve to quantify the effects of shear deformation, length to thickness ratio, number of
layers, material anisotropy and fiber orientation.
It was found that linear analysis seriously over predicts deflection of plates. The shear
deflection depends greatly on a number of factors such as length to thickness ratio, degree of
anisotropy and number of layers. As the degree of anisotropy increases, the plate becomes stiffer and
when it is greater than a critical value, the deflection becomes virtually independent on the degree of
anisotropy. It was also found that deflection of plates depends on the angle of orientation of individual
plies and the size of load applied.
First order orthotropic shear deformation equations for the nonlinear elastic bending response of rectangular plates are introduced. Their solution using a computer program based on finite differences implementation of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is outlined. The convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions for elastic large deflection response of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates are established by comparison with various exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation method (DR) coupled with finite differences method shows a fairly good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the verification scheme.It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution is dependent on several factors including boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also, the DR large deflection program using uniform finite differences meshes can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads. All the comparison results for simply supported (SS4) edge conditions showed that deflection is almost dependent on the direction of the applied load or the arrangement of the layers
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the analysis of geometrically linear laterally loaded, rectangular laminated plates. The analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse shear deformations. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates for elastic small deflection response are established by comparison with different exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method shows a good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the verification scheme. It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution were dependent on several factors which include boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also, the DR small deflection program using uniform meshes can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads in a fairly good accuracy.
A composite material can be defined as a combination of two or more materials that
gives better properties than those of the individual components used alone. In contrast to
metallic alloys, each material retains its separate chemical, physical, and mechanical
properties. The two constituents are reinforcement and a matrix. The main advantages of
composite materials are their high strength and stiffness combined with low density when
compared to classical materials. Micromechanical approach is found to be more suitable for
the analysis of composite materials because it studies the volume proportions of the
constituents for the desired lamina stiffness and strength.
The effects of boundary conditions and lamination arrangements
(i.e. stacking sequence and orientation of a lamina) were found to be important
factors in determining a suitable exact, analytical or semi – analytical method
for analyzing buckling loads on laminated plates. It was also found that: as the
derivative order of shear deformation increases, the accuracy of stresses, strains,
buckling loads … etc. increases and it doesn't need shear correction factors.
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the analysis of geometrically linear laterally loaded, rectangular laminated plates. The analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse shear deformations. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates for elastic small deflection response are established by comparison with different exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method shows a good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the verification scheme.
It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution is dependent on several factors which include boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also, the DR small deflection program using uniform meshes can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads in a fairly good accuracy.
Kantorovich-Vlasov Method for Simply Supported Rectangular Plates under Unifo...IJCMESJOURNAL
In this study, the Kantorovich-Vlasov method has been applied to the flexural analysis of simply supported Kirchhoff plates under transverse uniformly distributed load on the entire plate domain. Vlasov method was used to construct the coordinate functions in the x direction and the Kantorovich method was used to consider the assumed displacement field over the plate. The total potential energy functional and the corresponding Euler-Lagrange equations were obtained. This was solved subject to the boundary conditions to obtain the displacement field over the plate. Bending moments were then obtained using the moment curvature equations. The solutions obtained were rapidly convergent series for deflection, and bending moments. Maximum deflection and maximum bending moments occurred at the center and were also obtained as rapidly convergent series. The series were computed for varying plate aspect ratios. The results were identical with Levy-Nadai solutions for the same problem.
Application of CAD and SLA Method in Dental ProsthesisIDES Editor
Placement of dental implants requires precise
planning that accounts for anatomic limitations and
restorative goals. Diagnosis can be made with the assistance
of computerized tomographic scanning, but transfer of
planning to the surgical field is limited. Precise implant
placement no longer relies upon so called mental-navigation
but rather can be computer guided, based on a three
dimensional prosthetically directed plan. Recently, novel CAD/
CAM techniques such as stereolithographic rapid prototyping
have been developed to build surgical guides in an attempt to
improve precision of implant placement. The purpose of this
paper is to discuss the use of scanning equipments to transfer
clinically relevant prosthetic information which can be used
for fabrication of stereolithographic medical models and
surgical guides. The proposed method provides solid evidence
that computer-aided design and manufacturing technologies
may become a new avenue for custom-made dental implants
design, analysis, and production in the 21st century.
Linear And Nonlinear Analytical Modeling of Laminated Composite Beams In Thre...researchinventy
The large current development of aerospace and automotive technologies is based on the use of composite materials which provide significant weight savings compared to their mechanical characteristics. Correct dimensioning of composite structures requires a thorough knowledge of their behavior in small as in large deflection.This work aims to simulate linear and nonlinear behavior of laminates composites under threepoint bending test. The used modelization is based on first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), classical plate theory (CPT) and Von-Karman’s equations for large deflection. A differential equation of Riccati, describing the variation of the deflection depending on the load, was obtained. Hence, the results deduced show a good correlation with experimental curves
Analysis of Isotropic Perforated Stiffened Plate Using FEMIJERA Editor
In this paper, studied the structural instability caused by circular and square perforated plate having all round simply supported and clamped plate boundary conditions subjected to inplane uniaxial compression loading and also the strengthening effect of the stiffeners when they are reinforced to the unperforated and perforated plate in longitudinal and transverse directions. The area ratios, aspect ratios and types of stiffeners are the parameters considered. A general purpose finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to carry out the study. Results show that the presence of a central circular and square perforations causes reduction in buckling strength of plate and stiffeners can be used to compensate this reduction before it can be used to its best advantage. It is also observed that the plate strengthening effect of longitudinal stiffener is more than that of transverse stiffener for both unperforated and perforated plate. An economical design is possible by introducing stiffeners of optimum size.
Peculiarities of irrecoverable straining in stress-drop testIJERA Editor
The paper concerns with analytical description of the phenomena observed in stress drop tests, namely, negative increment in plastic and creep deformation due to the sudden decrease in the acting stresses while the net stress remains positive. The model is developed in terms of the synthetic theory of irrecoverable deformation which has been generalized by introducing interplay between the deformation properties of material in the direction of acting load and opposite to it.
C0 Mixed Layerwise Quadrilateral Plate Element with Variable in and Out-Of-Pl...ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Acta Mater 57 (2009) 559 Investigation Of The Indentation Size EffectDierk Raabe
Investigation of the indentation size effect through the measurement of the geometrically necessary dislocations beneath small indents of different depths using EBSD tomography
Verification of The Thermal Buckling Load in Plates Made of Functional Graded...CSCJournals
In this research, thermal buckling of thin plate made of Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) with linear varying thickness is considered. Material properties are assumed to be graded in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. The supporting condition of all edges of such a plate is simply supported the equilibrium and stability equations of a FGM plate under thermal loads derived based on higher order plate theories via variation formulation, and are used to determine the pre-buckling forces and the governing deferential equation of the plate the buckling analysis of a functionally graded plate is conducted using; the uniform temperature rise, having temperature gradient through the thickness, and linear temperature variation in the thickness and closed–form solutions are obtained. The buckling load is defined in a weighted residual approach. In a special case the obtained results are compared by the results of functionally graded plates with uniform thickness. The influences of the plate thickness variation and the edge ratio on the critical loads are investigated. Finally, different plots indicating the variation of buckling loads. Different gradient exponent k, different geometries and loading conditions were obtained.
EFFECT OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SQUEEZE FILM BETWEEN POROUS...IAEME Publication
In investigation aims to analyse the effect of transverse surface roughness on the squeeze film performance between porous rectangular plates. The associated differential equation is stochastically averaged making use of stochastic averaging method of Christensen and Tonder for transverse surface roughness. The equation is solved with appropriate boundary conditions to obtain the pressure and consequentlythe load bearing. The graphical results suggest that the bearing suffers because of transverse surface roughness. However the situation is slightly better in the case of
negatively skew roughness. Further variance (-ve) makes the situation furtherimproved even if moderate values of porosity are involved
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the analysis of
geometrically linear laterally loaded, rectangular laminated plates. The
analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse shear
deformations. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence
and accuracy of the DR solutions of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated
plates for elastic small deflection response are established by comparison
with different exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic
Relaxation (DR) method shows a good agreement with other analytical and
numerical methods used in the verification scheme.
It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution is
dependent on several factors which include boundary conditions, mesh size
and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and
applied load. Also, the DR small deflection program using uniform meshes
can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic,
orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads in a fairly good
accuracy.
First – order orthotropic shear deformation equations
for the nonlinear elastic bending response of rectangular
plates are introduced. Their solution using a computer
program based on finite differences implementation of the
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is outlined. The
convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions for elastic
large deflection response of isotropic, orthotropic, and
laminated plates are established by comparison with various
exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic
Relaxation method (DR) coupled with finite differences
method shows a fairly good agreement with other analytical
and numerical methods used in the verification scheme.
It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the
DR solution is dependent on several factors including
boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities,
damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also,
the DR large deflection program using uniform finite
differences meshes can be employed in the analysis of
different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated
plates under uniform loads. All the comparison results for
simply supported (SS5) edge conditions showed that
deflection is almost dependent on the direction of the applied
load or the arrangement of the layers
The effects of boundary conditions and lamination arrangements
(i.e. stacking sequence and orientation of a lamina) were found to be important
factors in determining a suitable exact, analytical or semi – analytical method
for analyzing buckling loads on laminated plates. It was also found that: as the
derivative order of shear deformation increases, the accuracy of stresses, strains,
buckling loads … etc. increases and it doesn't need shear correction factors.
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the analysis of geometrically linear laterally loaded, rectangular laminated plates. The analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse shear deformations. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates for elastic small deflection response are established by comparison with different exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method shows a good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the verification scheme.
It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution is dependent on several factors which include boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also, the DR small deflection program using uniform meshes can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads in a fairly good accuracy.
Kantorovich-Vlasov Method for Simply Supported Rectangular Plates under Unifo...IJCMESJOURNAL
In this study, the Kantorovich-Vlasov method has been applied to the flexural analysis of simply supported Kirchhoff plates under transverse uniformly distributed load on the entire plate domain. Vlasov method was used to construct the coordinate functions in the x direction and the Kantorovich method was used to consider the assumed displacement field over the plate. The total potential energy functional and the corresponding Euler-Lagrange equations were obtained. This was solved subject to the boundary conditions to obtain the displacement field over the plate. Bending moments were then obtained using the moment curvature equations. The solutions obtained were rapidly convergent series for deflection, and bending moments. Maximum deflection and maximum bending moments occurred at the center and were also obtained as rapidly convergent series. The series were computed for varying plate aspect ratios. The results were identical with Levy-Nadai solutions for the same problem.
Application of CAD and SLA Method in Dental ProsthesisIDES Editor
Placement of dental implants requires precise
planning that accounts for anatomic limitations and
restorative goals. Diagnosis can be made with the assistance
of computerized tomographic scanning, but transfer of
planning to the surgical field is limited. Precise implant
placement no longer relies upon so called mental-navigation
but rather can be computer guided, based on a three
dimensional prosthetically directed plan. Recently, novel CAD/
CAM techniques such as stereolithographic rapid prototyping
have been developed to build surgical guides in an attempt to
improve precision of implant placement. The purpose of this
paper is to discuss the use of scanning equipments to transfer
clinically relevant prosthetic information which can be used
for fabrication of stereolithographic medical models and
surgical guides. The proposed method provides solid evidence
that computer-aided design and manufacturing technologies
may become a new avenue for custom-made dental implants
design, analysis, and production in the 21st century.
Linear And Nonlinear Analytical Modeling of Laminated Composite Beams In Thre...researchinventy
The large current development of aerospace and automotive technologies is based on the use of composite materials which provide significant weight savings compared to their mechanical characteristics. Correct dimensioning of composite structures requires a thorough knowledge of their behavior in small as in large deflection.This work aims to simulate linear and nonlinear behavior of laminates composites under threepoint bending test. The used modelization is based on first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), classical plate theory (CPT) and Von-Karman’s equations for large deflection. A differential equation of Riccati, describing the variation of the deflection depending on the load, was obtained. Hence, the results deduced show a good correlation with experimental curves
Analysis of Isotropic Perforated Stiffened Plate Using FEMIJERA Editor
In this paper, studied the structural instability caused by circular and square perforated plate having all round simply supported and clamped plate boundary conditions subjected to inplane uniaxial compression loading and also the strengthening effect of the stiffeners when they are reinforced to the unperforated and perforated plate in longitudinal and transverse directions. The area ratios, aspect ratios and types of stiffeners are the parameters considered. A general purpose finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to carry out the study. Results show that the presence of a central circular and square perforations causes reduction in buckling strength of plate and stiffeners can be used to compensate this reduction before it can be used to its best advantage. It is also observed that the plate strengthening effect of longitudinal stiffener is more than that of transverse stiffener for both unperforated and perforated plate. An economical design is possible by introducing stiffeners of optimum size.
Peculiarities of irrecoverable straining in stress-drop testIJERA Editor
The paper concerns with analytical description of the phenomena observed in stress drop tests, namely, negative increment in plastic and creep deformation due to the sudden decrease in the acting stresses while the net stress remains positive. The model is developed in terms of the synthetic theory of irrecoverable deformation which has been generalized by introducing interplay between the deformation properties of material in the direction of acting load and opposite to it.
C0 Mixed Layerwise Quadrilateral Plate Element with Variable in and Out-Of-Pl...ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Acta Mater 57 (2009) 559 Investigation Of The Indentation Size EffectDierk Raabe
Investigation of the indentation size effect through the measurement of the geometrically necessary dislocations beneath small indents of different depths using EBSD tomography
Verification of The Thermal Buckling Load in Plates Made of Functional Graded...CSCJournals
In this research, thermal buckling of thin plate made of Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) with linear varying thickness is considered. Material properties are assumed to be graded in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. The supporting condition of all edges of such a plate is simply supported the equilibrium and stability equations of a FGM plate under thermal loads derived based on higher order plate theories via variation formulation, and are used to determine the pre-buckling forces and the governing deferential equation of the plate the buckling analysis of a functionally graded plate is conducted using; the uniform temperature rise, having temperature gradient through the thickness, and linear temperature variation in the thickness and closed–form solutions are obtained. The buckling load is defined in a weighted residual approach. In a special case the obtained results are compared by the results of functionally graded plates with uniform thickness. The influences of the plate thickness variation and the edge ratio on the critical loads are investigated. Finally, different plots indicating the variation of buckling loads. Different gradient exponent k, different geometries and loading conditions were obtained.
EFFECT OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SQUEEZE FILM BETWEEN POROUS...IAEME Publication
In investigation aims to analyse the effect of transverse surface roughness on the squeeze film performance between porous rectangular plates. The associated differential equation is stochastically averaged making use of stochastic averaging method of Christensen and Tonder for transverse surface roughness. The equation is solved with appropriate boundary conditions to obtain the pressure and consequentlythe load bearing. The graphical results suggest that the bearing suffers because of transverse surface roughness. However the situation is slightly better in the case of
negatively skew roughness. Further variance (-ve) makes the situation furtherimproved even if moderate values of porosity are involved
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the analysis of
geometrically linear laterally loaded, rectangular laminated plates. The
analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse shear
deformations. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence
and accuracy of the DR solutions of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated
plates for elastic small deflection response are established by comparison
with different exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic
Relaxation (DR) method shows a good agreement with other analytical and
numerical methods used in the verification scheme.
It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution is
dependent on several factors which include boundary conditions, mesh size
and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and
applied load. Also, the DR small deflection program using uniform meshes
can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic,
orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads in a fairly good
accuracy.
First – order orthotropic shear deformation equations
for the nonlinear elastic bending response of rectangular
plates are introduced. Their solution using a computer
program based on finite differences implementation of the
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is outlined. The
convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions for elastic
large deflection response of isotropic, orthotropic, and
laminated plates are established by comparison with various
exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic
Relaxation method (DR) coupled with finite differences
method shows a fairly good agreement with other analytical
and numerical methods used in the verification scheme.
It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the
DR solution is dependent on several factors including
boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities,
damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also,
the DR large deflection program using uniform finite
differences meshes can be employed in the analysis of
different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated
plates under uniform loads. All the comparison results for
simply supported (SS5) edge conditions showed that
deflection is almost dependent on the direction of the applied
load or the arrangement of the layers
Limit States Solution to CSCS Orthotropic Thin Rectangular Plate Carrying Tra...ijtsrd
The analysis of thin rectangular orthotropic plate with two opposite edges clamped and the other two opposite edges simply supported CSCS , carrying transverse loads was investigated in this study. The Ritz total potential energy functional was used. The minimization of the total potential energy functional produces the expression for the coefficient of deflection. The coefficient of deflection was used to obtain equation for the maximum lateral load of an orthotropic thin rectangular plate based on allowable deflection. Also, equation for the maximum lateral load of an orthotropic thin rectangular plate based on allowable stress was developed.Developed stiffness coefficients were substituted in the lateral load equations to obtain the maximum lateral load values for a CSCS plate. Numerical examples using permissible deflection of 10mm and yield strength of 250MPa, plate thickness varying from 5mm to 12.5 mm with 0.5mm intervals were done to determine the maximum lateral loads corresponding to an orthotropic thin rectangular CSCS plate carrying transverse loads when n1 = Ey Ex = 0.7 and n2 = G Ex = 0.41 for aspect ratios b a of 1.0, 1.25 and 1.50. Bertram D. I. | Okere C. E. | Ibearugbulem O. M. | Nwokorobia G. C. "Limit States Solution to CSCS Orthotropic Thin Rectangular Plate Carrying Transverse Loads" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47566.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47566/limit-states-solution-to-cscs-orthotropic-thin-rectangular-plate-carrying-transverse-loads/bertram-d-i
TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF PIEZOLAMINATED COMPOSITE PLATES USING HSDTP singh
Piezoelectric materials have excellent sensing and actuating capabilities have made them the most practical smart materials to integrate with laminated structures. Integrated structure system can be called a smart structure because of its ability to perform self-diagnosis and quick adaption to environment changes. An analytical procedure has been developed in the work based on higher order shear deformation theory subjected to electromechanical loading for investigating transient characteristics of smart material plates. For analysis two displacement models are to be considered i.e., model-1 accounts for strain in thickness direction is zero whereas in model-2 in-plane displacements are expanded as cubic functions of the thickness coordinate. Navier’s technique has been adopted for obtaining solutions of anti-symmetric cross–ply and angle-ply laminates of both model-1 and model-2 with simply supported boundary conditions. For obtaining transient response of a laminated composite plate attached with piezoelectric layer Newmark’s method has been used. Effect of thickness coordinate of composite laminated plates attached with piezoelectric layer subjected to electromechanical loadings is studied.
Modeling and Analysis of Laminated Composite Beams using Higher Order TheoryIDES Editor
The present study deals with the assessment of
higher order theory of laminated beams under static
mechanical loads. The theory has been presented for general
lay-up of the laminate. The displacement field is expressed in
terms of only three primary displacement variables by
satisfying exactly the conditions of zero transverse shear stress
at the top and bottom and its continuity at layer interfaces.
The governing equations of motion and boundary conditions
are derived using virtual work. The number of primary
displacement unknowns is three, which is independent of the
number of layers and equal in number to the ones used in the
first order shear deformation theory. Higher order theory thus
preserves the computational advantage of an equivalent single
layer theory. The Third order theory and First order shear
deformation theory are assessed by comparison with the exact
two-dimensional elasticity solution of the simply-supported
beam. A theory is good only if it yields accurate results for all
kinds of loads and for any lay-up of the beam. For this purpose,
parametric studies for composite laminates and sandwich
beams are conducted.
Stability of Simply Supported Square Plate with Concentric CutoutIJMER
The finite element method is used to obtain the elastic buckling loads for simply supported isotropic square plate containing circular, square and rectangular cutouts. ANSYS finite element software had been used in the study. The applied inplane loads considered are uniaxial and biaxial compressions. In all the cases the load is distributed uniformly along the plate outer edges. The effects of the size and shape of concentric cutouts with different plate thickness ratios and having all-round simply supported boundary condition on the plate buckling strength have been considered in the analysis. It is found that cutouts have considerable influence on the buckling load factor k and the effect is larger when cutout ratios greater than 0.3 and for thickness ratio greater than 0.15.
First order shear deformation (FSDT) theory for laminated composite beams is used to study free vibration of
laminated composite beams, and finite element method (FEM) is employed to obtain numerical solution of the
governing differential equations. Free vibration analysis of laminated beams with rectangular cross – section for
various combinations of end conditions is studied. To verify the accuracy of the present method, the frequency
parameters are evaluated and compared with previous work available in the literature. The good agreement with
other available data demonstrates the capability and reliability of the finite element method and the adopted beam
model used.
The convergence and accuracy of the Dynamic
Relaxation (DR) solutions for elastic large deflection
response of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates
are established by comparison with various exact and
approximate solutions. The present Dynamic
Relaxation method (DR) coupled with finite differences
method shows a fairly good agreement with other
analytical and numerical methods used in the verification
scheme.
It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the
DR solution is dependent on several factors including
boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious
densities, damping coefficients, time increment and
applied load. Also, the DR large deflection program
using uniform finite differences meshes can be
employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for
isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform
loads. All the comparison results for simply supported
(SS4) edge conditions showed that deflection is almost
dependent on the direction of the applied load or the
arrangement of the layers.
First – order orthotropic shear deformation equations for the nonlinearly elastic bending response of rectangular plates are introduced. Their solution using a computer program based on finite differences implementation of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is outlined. The convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions for elastic large deflection response of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates are established by comparison with various exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation method (DR) coupled with finite differences method shows a fairly good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the verification scheme. It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution are dependent on several factors including boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also, the DR large deflection program using uniform finite differences meshes can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads. All the comparison results for simply supported (SS4) edge conditions showed that deflection is almost dependent on the direction of the applied load or the arrangement of the layers.
STATIC AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF CENTER CRACKED FINITE PLATE SUBJECTED TO UNIFO...IAEME Publication
The study of crack behavior in a plate is a considerable importance in the design to avoid the failure. This paper deals with investigation of stress intensity factor, Von-Misesstress (ϬVon-mises),natural frequency, mode shape and the effect of excitation frequency on the finite center cracked plate subjected to uniform tensile loading depends on the assumptions of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) and plane strain problem.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
An axisymmetric bending and shear stress analysis of of functionally graded ...eSAT Journals
Abstract The effects of exposure from electromagnetic radiations of wireless cellular transmission towers to human health have attracted the attention of many researchers. Different works have revealed the harmful of electromagnetic radiation exposure to human health based on distance from the source and period of exposure. As one stays closer and at a pro-longed period from the transmission sites, the possibility of being affected by the radiation source becomes higher. In this work, we review some of the works on assessment of electromagnetic radiation exposure and propose measures for determining safety zones based on the cases of cellular transmission towers in the Tanzania environment to avoid extended exposure to electromagnetic radiation. Key words- Cellular transmission towers; Electromagnetic radiations; Health effects; Exposure limits
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
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Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.