Decision Essay

The Process of Decision Making Essay
Organizational behavior helps managers to improve the organization in a good way. Decision
making process is the one of the behavior in human organizational behavior. According to
McShane and Von Glinow (2000), "decision making a conscious process of making choices
among one or more alternatives with the intention of moving toward some desired state of affairs".
Decision making is a linear process and it includes six steps such as identifying the problems,
gather and evaluate data, list and evaluate alternatives, select best action, implement the decision
and getter feedback (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1). First step in decision making process is
identifying the problems. As McShane and Von Glinow (2000) stated, a problem can be...show more
content...
As stated by Prasad (2008), the managers should identify the different choices available in order
to get most acceptable outcome of a decision. From searching different alternatives the managers
can evade blocks in operations as choices are suitable if a particular idea goes wrong. Khanka
(2000) expresses the view that selections can developed from in many ways such as can get from
sources like experience, do training other organizations, and take others ideas and suggestions related
in problems. Furthermore to improve alternatives solution the managers may investigation the signs
of a problem for clues or fall back on intuition or result that stated by Griffin and Moorhead (2010).
For an example in marketing department a non–programmed decision is compulsory the manager
have to produce alternatives for raise market share. As McShane and Von Glinow (2000) pointed
out that in a programmed decision is a standard operations is not to generate choice but can take
out from the documented that already saved. Next an organizer should search the mission of a
decision. In other words they need to define what is to be accomplished by it (Quick & Nelson,
2013). The decision criteria are important as mentioned by Dubrin (2002). The several criteria are
consumers must aware of varies in quality of products, there not happen inflation, workers must
consider the quality of improvements and lastly job satisfaction should not be reduce. Third process
of decision making is list and
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Decision Essay
Decision
Everything you do is a choice. You choose the way you are living today. As we walk on the path
of life, we are presented with cross roads and forks. Some are pretty obvious which turn we should
take. However, not everything is easy in life. And in the fast pace life we are currently living in
right now, we move so fast that we meet many more challenges than before and often, we hastily
decide on the choices we make. You will make decisions in your life. Some of these decisions will
be incredibly good and result with you experiencing a much improved quality of life. Other
decisions will be poor, yielding little benefit, or worse, cause more damage than good. Yes, whether
it's right or wrong, it still is a...show more content...
She realized her boss only wanted to squeeze more work out of her. In short, her current job
sucks. Thus, she knew she has to move. That's basically seems like a logical move! But she also
reminded herself that the job is quite stable and it pays her pretty well. Moving away from this
job means moving away from a stable source of income into the unknown again. So, what can she
do? What are the choices here? As I said earlier, there's is no right or wrong choices here. You
decide which course of action is best for you. Here, the one that is willing to take a bit of risk and
willing to take on new challenges for a better job prospect will naturally decide to leave for a new
job. And the less secure will choose to continue with the lousy job. My point here is, don't blame
the circumstances. Blame yourself if you find in a situation that you do not like. It was your
decision that brought you to where you are today. Did anyone make the decision for you? Even if
someone forces you to make a decision, ultimately, it still is your choice and decision. This is where
the successful differentiate themselves from the average. They realize that their decisions today
determine their future. So, it's not a choice of liking. They deliberately choose to be what they want
to be in the future. In short, what you do today defines what you are tomorrow. And all this boils
down the decisions you make in life. With all of the saying, I've made

Economic Decision Making Essay example
Individuals make economic decision based on a variety of reasons. The rational is based on each
individual's need or desire for a commodity. People go through several decision–making processes
before making the final decision and are often not conscious of the process. Obviously, decision–
making covers a wide area, involving virtually the whole of human action. Often people are not
conscious of the process.
The four principles of individual decision– making suggest that people face trade off. People have to
give up a thing to acquire some other thing. This includes money, time, resources, and energy. The
cost of something is what a person is willing to give up to obtain it. Therefore, the need is to find an
alternative and then...show more content...
The decision is then based on whether the benefits exceed the cost. Incentives whether they are
positive or negative are a part of the decision–making process. Incentives are motivators that cause
change. The cost of tomatoes, for instance, the price of tomatoes rose to $2.79 per pound. The
effect was that people purchased fewer tomatoes and thus, people look for an alternative product or
just did not purchase them. As a result of this, the price of tomatoes increased even more because
people were purchasing fewer tomatoes. From the producers' side, the product was going to waste
and profits were declining. The marginal cost was affected, causing them, the producer to lower the
cost to obtain a higher marginal benefit. In using this example, two types of incentives could have
led to making a different decision.
1.Financial incentives such as a product coupon, a store discount, or a sale.
2.Moral incentives such as a special meal for a special occasion that called for the need to use
tomatoes in the favorite dish for a loved one. The principles of economics affect all aspects of life to
involving consumers, companies, and government's interaction with each other. It uses equations,
formulas, theories and details to analyze the decision– making process, and it generates awareness.
Trade can allow a person to concentrate in his or her area of expertise. When trading those goods or
services with others, a gateway to other products or

My Life-Changing Decision Essay
MY LIFE CHANGING DECISION ROSS BROWN ENGL 1301–270 SUSAN ROBBINS 4/2/2013
It was the beginning of spring about two years ago– a wet and gloomy day. I was thirty two years
old, strung out on meth and homeless. Headed back to prison for the third time, I was faced with
a life changing decision, "do I turn myself in" or "do I keep running and take my chances". It was a
decision that would affect the ones I love the most, my children. As I sat in the woods behind a
run down, drug infested motel, I closed my eyes and all I could see were the tears in my kids eyes
every time they came to see me in prison. The ones that depended on me for love and security, were
now sad and scared...show more content...
They gave me three meals a day and a hard mat to sleep on. They provided transportation and the
opportunity to become stable, if you wanted it. I wanted it bad! It would require a lot of effort
and determination to make it through the system successfully. Not many ex felons make it. They
looked at me as another statistic when I first arrived. You only have a certain amount of time to
get a job and start your recovery. I struggled, nobody wanted to hire a recovering ex con. I was
starting to think I was not going to make it. I was at the end of the dead line, they were wanting
go ahead and send me back to prison. On the very last day the phone rang, it was Bill Orr with
Gym Bleacher Boards. He asked me to come in right away for an interview. I had to get
permission from the job coordinator in order for that to happen. He was not wanting to give me
this last chance at getting a job. Then out of nowhere my case worker, Ms. Woodson, showed up
and said " just give him this one last chance before you send him back". When I arrived at Gym
Bleacher Boards, I was nervous and had mixed emotions about everything. As I sat there waiting
on my interview with Bill, I said a little prayer to myself, " Lord, please let me get this job, not for
me, but for my children". Bill came out of his office and called me in and I was up front about
everything. By the time the interview was over, we were talking as if we had known each other for
years. Then he

Decision Making
Ques: What are the reason why two perfect individual are never two perfect couples. with the 7
decision making process solve the problem. The 7 decision making processes are: 1. Define the
problem
2. Identify limiting factors
3. Develop potential alternatives
4. Analyze the alternatives
5. Select the best alternatives
6. Implement the decision
7. Establish a control and evaluation system
Introduction
A perfect marriage may be an illusion although the people involve may be perfect individual in
their own right. This situation may arise because the two may be considered as two different
captains who have now come together to pilot a ship. Each comes on board with their own ideology
and conceptions; as such differences are...show more content...
The willingness on the part of both parties to accept that there is a problem c.
If the parties do not consent to arriving at a solution no head way will be made in resolving the issue.
Develop potential alternatives
The next step requires that the woman considers the potential alternatives available to her in
resolving the problem. Options available may be varied. They may include:
1. Courage to bring to the notice of the husband her feelings
2. Discuss the problem with a friend of the husband
3. Bring the problem to the notice of the senior minister of the gospel whom the husband respects so
much.
4. Make the parents of the husband aware of the situation
5. Seek the help of a professional counselor
Analyze the alternatives
A good analysis of the alternatives or option available has a corresponding result in arriving at a
solution. The aim is to find answers to the problem. The problem at hand for example involves
two different individual. To select the best way to resolve the issue, it is important the wife
acknowledges the nature of the husband. How well will he respond it a third party is brought in to
help resolve the problem? For instance, if the man has develop an attitude of ignoring in woman in
the house, approaching him to talk about the issue will not be the best solution. However if he is the

type that show regardless of his arrogant nature shows respect to the elderly then consulting a senior

Making the Right Choices Essay
It may take many people to realize that the decisions they make today could possibly affect the
outcome tomorrow and even later in life. When we are children, our parents and guardians are
responsible for properly guiding us to make the right choices, they are the people who are
supposed to teach us right from wrong and in most cases they are the people who reveals the
many harsh realities of the world to us. Through childhood we may not worry about how the bills
will get paid, or what job we will have when we are adults because for many people the answer to
those questions often change with time. As we grow older it is up to us to follow their guidance
and learn from what they have taught us and live in a society as one. Life is full of...show more
content...
Mourning also suggests that, "There are often doubts in life, but you will have to stand up and
attack what is attacking you. Meet force with force. You have to learn as much as you can, come
up with a plan, and be positive" (Mourning, pg. 14). It is important for everyone to be persistent in
life and when faced with a difficult task think positive and attack what is stopping you from what
your trying to achieve. When faced with an illness, Mourning's outlook was to fight the disease
and succeed. Like many adolescents who are faced with peer pressure of drugs Mourning had
experienced one of the college players he looked up to had died from a cocaine overdose, "If
drugs could take down a guy like that, if drugs could take Len Bias's life, then they could take me
down, too" (Mourning pg. 42). Though Mourning was gifted with the ability to play basketball
and was raised by a foster mother and kept in touch with his parents he said, "I was once naive and
trusted everyone, and is almost cost me everything" (Mourning, pg. 53). For most of the book, I
agree with these suggestions but there is one aspect of Mourning's decisions that I highly
disagreed with; In Chapter 4, Mourning discusses how he was freshly 18 years old and that he had
"learned how to not be skeptical of everything and everyone" (Mourning, pg. 59). Being skeptical of
people is not a bad thing in many people's opinions. In life we are faced

Decision Making Models Essay example
Rational Decision–Making Model
Most individuals are faced with situations that necessitate excellent decision–making abilities.
Determining the suitable course of action to take when faced with a difficult dilemma can be a
challenge. Due to the importance of the decision–making process, decision–making models can be
used to establish a systematic means of developing effective decision making. One of the models has
been called the "rational model" of decision making (Stoner & Freeman, 1989). The
steps laid forth below are listed as the seven steps of the rational model.
The first step of the rational decision–making model is to define the problem, the need, or the
opportunity. Although this may seem either petty or apparent,...show more content...
This can happen because the technology decision is dictated from a higher organizational level or
because the new technology is perceived as the latest "thing" being used by
"everyone." It is at this point in the process that technological gatekeepers become
valuable. Information must be gathered from vendors and other users, at trade shows and from the
trade and more academic publications. If you do not fully explore and become aware of your
options, you cannot make an optimal decision.
After having clearly defined the problem, need, or opportunity and then gathering and exploring all
of the relevant information and alternatives, you must then evaluate the information and the
alternatives and anticipate the consequences of the various options open to you. It is very helpful at
this point to establish objective criteria against which to compare the alternatives. This is also the
point at which you need to establish the operational criteria against which you will measure the
success or failure of the choice once implemented.
The fourth step is to select the best solution based on the evaluation and analyses conducted in step
3. Once the first three steps have been completed, this step should be relatively straight–forward.
These four steps form the core of the rational decision–making method.
The last three steps are implement the chosen

Parental Decision-Making Essay example
Introduction According to the Guttmacher Report on Public Policy, current laws in the United
States of America indicate that minors under the age of eighteen, unless medically emancipated,
must have the medical consent of their parent or parents before any health care decision can be
made (Boonstra & Nash, 2000). These laws do not include health sensitive medical care like
prescriptions for contraception, abortion of fetus, pregnancy care or drug addiction rehabilitation.
Pediatric nurses are in a unique position that serves as the facilitator of patient care and patient care
decision–making between the pediatric patient and the patient's parents. In this position, pediatric
nurses become immersed in the concept of family–centered care,...show more content...
Medical autonomy can be defined as the right to self–determination of decisions that will affect one's
health (Cummings & Mecurio, 2011). Respect for autonomy in the health care atmosphere applies to
all competent adults who have the ability to understand informed consent and communicate choice.
Current laws place the authority in the hands of the parents to be surrogate decision–makers for the
pediatric patient's health care treatment plan. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) defines
pediatric assent as the inclusion of the child's preference when making these decisions (Cummings
& Mecurio, 2011). The AAP recognizes the child's developing ability to understand medical
diagnoses and give preference to potential treatments, but ultimately, decisions about their care still
lie solely with the parents. Health care decisions should always include the ethical principle of
beneficence, which is the moral obligation to do good for others, and to act in a way that serves the
person's best interests (Stringer, 2013). Best interests are actions which prevent harm and suffering,
protect dignity, and promote well–being and quality of life. There are occasions when parents make
a surrogate decision for their child that the health care team does not feel is in the best interest of
the child. This presents a major ethical dilemma for the health care team. An example of when this
situation is likely to occur, and therefore the focus of this paper, is when

Decision Making Model Essay
Decision–Making Model essay Whether we realize it or not, decision–making is a part of our daily
lives. Everyday we have to make decisions. Some of those decisions are minor and some of them
are life changing. Some of the decision we make, sometimes, are pretty obvious. We decide to get
up, get of bed, with the assumption that the floor will be there. Personally, I begin to think of what I
need to accomplish that day and what would happen if I did not tend to certain things. These
thoughts make me uncomfortable when I find no alternative course of action other than getting up
and doing what needs to be done. In the end, I get up, get dressed and begin to tend to the things I
consider important. By this time, I have already engaged in...show more content...
My husband, being the C.E.O., and I, being the president, decided to take everything in and look
over all the different ideas that were given to us. We had to look at each idea and present a
scenario for each idea and, in this manner, we narrowed it down to a few ideas that would be
suitable to fit our situation. This is when the third step came in. We had to choose the best
solution, and we did. We decided that the best way to increase out listenership was to market our
station to more people. We, then, executed the fourth step, which is implementing the solution.
We contacted different media sources and decided to make ourselves more "visible". Everyone
worked hard at getting our radio station in different playlists and different websites. We then were
entering the fifth step: evaluation the success of the chosen solution. This process was the longest
and made us very nervous. How would we know that all our efforts would pay off? Only time and
numbers could tell now. We watched the station's numbers daily. We made comparison charts and
decided after six months that it was time for a meeting. At the meeting, we assessed the results that
we had in front of us and one of the final steps of rationalization was in place; it was time to
modify the decision. Looking at numbers and problem areas, we narrowed down our solutions even
more and decided to

Essay on Decision Making
Decision making can be described as a process of making a decision or decisions, based on
choices made amongst two or more competing course of actions. The 'Decision making' also
requires making a define choice between two or more alternatives course of actions that are
available. In every decision making, there is said to be a positive and negative outcome as future
consequence(s). The importance of decision making in individual daily life and in organization level
was demonstrated by two scientists, Arkes and Hammond (1992), in 'Judgment and Decision
making' indentified the four types of information which decision maker requires constructing a
decision tree. 1.What are the available courses of action(s)? 2.What are the...show more content...
Psychologist Herbert Simon further established and categorized decisions into two categories;
Programmed Decisions and Non–Programmed Decision. Programmed decisions are type of
decisions which are routine and repetitive, of which are within the frame work of organization
policies and rules. Such polices rules are established in advance to solve a re– occurring problems
within the organization. Such programmed decisions are usually taken at lower management level
and tends to have a short–run impact on organization. In contrast, the Non– Programmed decisions
which are type of decisions which are non–routine and deployed to resolve non–routine problems,
they are relevant in solving unique and unusual problems that arises, of which the alternatives cannot
be decided in advance. Non–Programmed decisions are usually of high importance and significance
with long–term consequences on organizations, such decisions are decided at the top management
level. A model of decision making known as the Rational Decision Making Model arises from
organization behavior. This includes working through series of five stages path from problem
identification and to the solutions. 1.Define the problem. 2.Identify the decision criteria. 3.Compare
each option against pre–determined criteria. 4.Select the best option 5.Implement the best chosen
option. The Rational Decision Making Model

Essay on Decision Making
Decision–making models, or the path that one would choose in his or her decision–making, is
heavily relied on the information one has received. By having all the correct information available,
decision–making becomes an easier task. The model in which one would base his or her
decision–making upon can be analyzed into six different factors: the problem at hand, the goals that
want to be reached, alternatives, pros and cons, decision(s), and reason(s) behind the decision(s).
According to Richard W. Scholl (1999), there are three components of every decision. The standards
in which decision makers assess alternatives, or the criteria. The specific courses of action or options
being considered are the alternatives. The cause and effect...show more content...
Approximating the possibility of each outcome prepares the decision maker to assess and evaluate
alternatives. The next step in the decision–making process is choosing the alternative that the
decision maker considers most effective, that is, the one who allows the opportunity to solve the
problem and accomplish all necessary objectives. This choice can be hard even when results have
been evaluated based on comparable criteria. Once a decision has been made to choose an alternative
solution, that decision must be implemented. The decision maker will have considered all
imaginable problems that may be connected with the implementation of the solution. However, the
decision–making process does not end when the decision is implemented. The decision maker
must evaluate the decision to the extent to which the solution achieved the necessary objectives.
In professional decisions that I have made in my workplace, I tend to lean more toward the pros
and cons, or the cause and effect principles. Recently, I was asked to research a new networking
and accounting system for the company, and to choose the best one, as we would be
implementing the network into our company. As I researched, I took note of the pros and cons as
they came up. The new network was certainly going to streamline our everyday work process as
well as alleviate any double entry, which would also reduce errors

Decisions, Decisions, Decisions Essay
Decisions, Decisions, Decisions
People make decisions every single day, even if they know it or not. Whether it is an important
decision as in buying the right car, or a little decision as in deciding what to eat for lunch. No matter
what the decision maybe, one has to make choices everyday. Although it may be the wrongchoice
later on, no one has the ability to look into the future. But one must move on even though it may
not be the right choice. Robert Frost explains this well in "The Road Not Taken", in which he
describes a situation where a person is at a fork in the road, and has to make a decision on which
path to take. In the first part of the poem Frost compares and contrasts the two roads: And looked
down one as far...show more content...
That is why people make choices in the first place, to get the better side of the decision. Frost also
expresses the idea of hesitating before taking action in the third and fourth line saying "And sorry
I could not travel both / And looked down one as far as I could." These two lines are especially
important because it can be associated with all types of decisions. The third line points out how
one cannot choose all the choices, which the majority of the time is true; and the fourth line
points out again the importance of evaluating the choices thoroughly before deciding. In the
second part of the poem Frost makes the decision on which path to take. This is said in the
thirteenth line "Oh, I kept the first for another day!" Perhaps being an adventures person, Frost
decides on choosing the less traveled path, which was the second road described in the poem as
"grassy and wanted wear." Yet still hesitant to take the path because in lines fourteen and fifteen
Frost says "Yet knowing how way leads on to way, / I doubted if I should ever come back." Frost
explains that one will never know what will happen later on, and perhaps will never end up in that
same situation again, therefore should make the best choice at that moment. Again, as the first point,
think the choices through before making the decision, and this is what

Decision Essay

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