2. 1
Contents
Introduction:........................................................................................................................ 2
Distributed Database And Distributed System: .................................................................. 2
Applied technologies in DS: ........................................................................................... 2
Applied Technologies in DD: ......................................................................................... 3
Application of technologies in both DD and DS:............................................................... 3
Conclusion: ......................................................................................................................... 4
References:.........................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
3. 2
Introduction:
The report discusses the application of technologies in both distributed database and distributed
system. The distributed system is considered as the software application which takes the
combination of distributed database and internet as the backbone. The report identifies the
application of database methodology in creating distributed system. The discussion also shows
the way of technical application in both DD and DS.
Distributed Database And Distributed System:
The focus of a distributed system is to combine multiple nodes and their resources as a single
system for users. The distributed database overcomes the limitation of a single CPU and the
database is divided into multiple locations or in a large network. However, the application is
based on loose coupling without considering the physical component (J.M & D.J., 2015).
Applied technologies in DS:
To reduce the complexity of a huge system DS has used the layered as well as the client-server
approaches. The layered approach combines the applications (Data and storage structure, Query
system, Buffering, Integrity control etc.), transaction process and the database. The variation like
centralized DS has one smart central and multiple dumb terminal or nodes (similar to star
topology). The execution process is parallel with characteristics like quick response,
transparency and solution of multiple user queries (Verissimo & Rodrigues, 2012). The client-
server structure considers the connection between application and data server via a
communication channel. The data server is connected to the database which is divided into
4. 3
multiple nodes. The client-server model can be further divided into the relational or object-
oriented model. In the relational model the unit of transfer between client and server process is
SQL. The object-oriented model considers the unit of transfer as objects, files or pages between
the processes. In the client-server model, the server is the master database whereas the clients are
multiple smart nodes. The ‘world wide web’, network of embedded systems or network of
workstations are some examples of distributed systems.
Applied Technologies in DD:
In a distributed database, the resources or cluster of data may be stored over multiple nodes in a
network or in a single physical location. The most important process applicable in DD is
‘Replication’ and ‘duplication’. The ‘Replication’ process checks the modification in the
database. The modification should be same all over the database (Grolinger, et al., 2013). The
‘Duplication’ considers a single data source as master and copies the content over the network.
The process is based on the cline-server architecture. The DD is divided into relational and non-
relational systems. The relational structure arranges the data in a tabular form and SQL or
MySQL are used as data query languages (Alagic, 2012). The non-relational structure includes
key-based DD where data is stored over key value. Redis or Dynamo is some key based
technologies consider vector clock and master-slave replication respectively. The graph database
or column database uses the graph theory or column structure to store data.
Application of technologies in both DD and DS:
The widely used technology structure in both DD and DS is a client-server model. The
centralized master and distributed server structure show some variations like the open system as
well as the homogenous system (Ghosh, 2014). The open system structure uses portable and
5. 4
interoperable open standard software. The UNIX based systems are an example of that structure.
Some other important technologies in DS include ad hoc network programming for inter-process
networking of different APIs and object-based model for distributed object middleware. JAVA
RMI and COBRA model are common examples (Yang, et al., 2015). The object structure is used
in DD for file, page or object transaction like transaction processing, query control etc.
Conclusion:
The report defines the terms DD and DS and describes the applied technologies in both cases.
Apart from this, the report identifies some particular technologies that can be applied differently
in both cases. The different ways of building distributed systems over the terminologies of
distributed systems are discussed in detail here.
6. 5
Bibliography
Alagic, S., 2012. Relational database technology. s.l.:Springer Science & Business
Media.
Ghosh, S., 2014. Distributed systems: an algorithmic approach. s.l.:CRC press.
Grolinger, K., Higashino, W., Tiwari, A. & Capretz, M., 2013. Data management in
cloud environments: NoSQL and NewSQL data stores.. Journal of Cloud Computing: advances,
systems and applications, Issue 2(1), p. 22.
J.M, F. & D.J., A., 2015. FIT: A Distributed Database Performance Tradeoff. s.l.:IEEE
Data Eng. Bull., 38(1),.
Verissimo, P. & Rodrigues, L., 2012. Distributed systems for system architects. 1st ed.
s.l.:Springer Science & Business Media.
Yang, W., Peizhi, W., Xing, D. & Likun, Z., 2015. An improved genetic algorithm for
optimization of distributed database query. Journal of Guilin University of Electronic
Technology,3, p. 010.
