This document discusses the difference between the terms "cyber" and "cyber security". While many use "cyber" as a synonym for cyber security, the document argues it is more accurate to think of "cyber" as referring to cyberspace. Cyberspace refers to the man-made domain created by connecting computers, networks, and other digital infrastructure. The document provides an excerpt from the Army Cyber Command that outlines how they view cyberspace and includes operations like offensive and defensive cyberspace operations. It includes a graphic created by the author to show the interrelationship of cyberspace components, with cyber security as a supporting function rather than core to cyberspace.

1. BILL ROSS
15 Sept 2008
INFOSECFORCE
“ Balancing security controls to business requirements “
Title:
“ Cyber “ does not just mean Cyber Security
A paper by INFOSECFORCE
804-855-4988
infosecforce@yahoo.com

2. Numerous private sector, government, and military organizations use the term “cyber” as a
synonym for Cyber Security. Cyber does not equal Cyber Security. In fact, when using the generic term
“cyber” one should be thinking more about Cyber Space. I am very impressed with ARCYBER and how they
approach Cyber Space doctrine. Please see below an excerpt ARCYBER Cyberspace . Likewise, since I could not
find a graphic showing the inter relationship of Cyber Space components, I created the last graphic that does
so. The reason cyber security is in dashed lines is that Cyber Security is not considered a Cyber Space core “fire
function” in Cyber Space. It is a supporting component to Cyber Space similar to a logistics function.
“ The term cyber is most useful as part of the compound word cyberspace and cyberspace is simply the man-
made domain created when we connect all of the computers, switches, routers, fiber optic cables, wireless
devices, satellites and other components that allow us to move large amounts of data at very fast speeds. As
with the physical domains—land, maritime, air, space—we conduct a variety of activities in cyberspace to
benefit individuals, commercial entities and governments. The key difference between cyberspace and the
physical domains is that cyberspace is man-made and constantly changing. That characteristic offers both
opportunities and risk. “http://armedforcesjournal.com/cyberspace-what-is-it-where-is-it-and-who-cares/
Army doctrine for Cyber Space Operations will include: Offensive Cyberspace Operations, Defensive
Cyberspace Operations, Defensive Cyberspace Operations, Cybersecurity (my comment in support), Deny the
Adversary the FREEDOM of Action in the Domain, Cyber Effects, Cyberspace Defense, Computer Network
Defense, Cyber Electromagnetic Activities, Cyber Targeting, Cyber Protection Teams

3. CYBERSPACE
A global domain within the
information environment consisting
of the interdependent network of
information technology
infrastructures, including the
Internet, telecommunications
networks, computer systems, and
embedded processors and
controllers. (JP 1-02)
Intelligence community
Research, unique solutions,
IARPA level work, situational
awareness, build Cyber
Intelligence Operations Center,
work flow, collects intelligence
collection systems and
programs, intelligence
production activities,
Information Operations
integrated employment of
electronic warfare (EW), computer
network operations (CNO),
psychological operations (PSYOP),
military deception (MILDEC), and
operations security (OPSEC), in
concert with specified supporting
and related capabilities.
Signal Commands
Network Operations
(information assurance,
information dissemination
management, and network
management) and management
of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
Electronic Warfare
The integrated planning,
employment, and assessment of
military capabilities to achieve
desired effects across the
electromagnetic domain in support
of operational objectives.
Cyber Security
All organizational actions required
to ensure freedom from danger
and risk to the security of
information in all its forms
(electronic, physical), and the
security of the systems and
networks
Cyber Offense Operations
Offensive operations to destroy,
disrupt, or neutralize adversary
cyberspace capabilities both before
and after their use against friendly
forces, but as close to their source
as possible
Cyber Defense Operations
All defensive countermeasures
designed to detect, identify,
intercept, and destroy or negate
harmful activities attempting to
penetrate or attack through
cyberspace. DCC missions are
designed to preserve friendly
network
The Cyberspace Domain