SUMMARY - Current power grids increasingly emerging into smart networked grids and are more accessible from the public internet which poses new cyber threats in the grid. More computer based systems are introduced into power networks in order to monitor and control the network. Future model smart grid and micro grid systems will be based on data flows for communication of system status, usage and control throughout the network infrastructure in addition to the power flow. This creates new security threats on the power grid. Instead of relying mainly on power plants for power generation, there will be a combination of multiple generation sources and at the same time wider use of electrical computer based equipment by consumers. Both increase the amount of data flows in the network as well as introduce additional vulnerable spots. Vulnerability of the power grid to cyber-attacks increases even more because of the wide use of SCADA networks. SCADA networks are more accessible to the internet and lack authentication and authorization mechanisms therefore expose the grid to threats such as DDOS, Data interception, Data alteration and additional hacking threats.
The transition from present to future model has already begun and rapidly growing while it already poses new security challenges which must be attended immediately. It is essential to introduce immediately a single comprehensive security solution which will provide fast detection and prevention tools to cope with a variety of threats with different nature and from multiple sources. The solution should not be tightly coupled with each device in the network so it won’t require upgrade of the devices inside the grid.
The Cyber defense solution should be versatile using variety of cyber technologies such as Firewalls, anomaly detection, Big Data analytics, machine learning and more in a network wise combination.
Cybersecurity for Smart Grids: Vulnerabilities and Strategies to Provide Cybe...Leonardo ENERGY
This Cybersecurity webinar addresses issues of importance to executive, technical, and academic professionals involved with managing and protecting Electric Utilities and Smart Grids. Cyber threats and vulnerabilities, including cyber attacks, will be addressed; as well as Smart Grid trends, and privacy and data integrity issues. United States, European, and International organizations and initiatives to address cybersecurity for utilities will be discussed. The webinar will conclude with strategies to improve cybersecurity. A second cybersecurity webinar (programmed in September 2017) will address best practices, case studies, and legal and regulatory constraints for architecting smart grids in a secure way.
Critical Infrastructure Protection against targeted attacks on cyber-physical...Enrique Martin
This White Paper looks the higher impact (and therefore riskier) attacks on cyber-physical systems in critical infrastructure control networks and propose protection by making some changes on organizations structures and procedures and new technologies of intrusion detection based on analysis behavior of control protocols and correlation of operational events.
An Analytical Study on Attacks and Threats in Cyber Security and its Evolving...ijtsrd
In today’s dynamic and technologically advanced world, the Internet has become one of the most innovative and rapidly growing technologies. With its rise, it has also become vulnerable to a significant increase in occurrences of cyber attacks, with detrimental effects. Typically, these cyber attacks are targeted at accessing, manipulating, or damaging confidential data, extracting users money, or extorting an organization’s or user’s private information. Sensitive information, whether intellectual property, financial data, confidential information, or other forms of private data are exposed to unauthorized access or disclosure, which can have adverse consequences. Protecting data has become one of the greatest obstacles today as cyber attacks are constantly escalating. Along with the growth of internet services and the advancement of information technology, the importance of cybersecurity is crucial. Cybersecurity aims to ensure that the security interests of the company and users assets are protected and preserved against relevant cyber threats in the digital world. The data and confidentiality of computing assets pertaining to the network of an organization are protected by cybersecurity. This paper mainly focuses on threats and issues in cybersecurity facing modern technologies. It also focuses on the latest cybersecurity strategies and developments that are transforming the face of cybersecurity. Omkar Veerendra Nikhal "An Analytical Study on Attacks and Threats in Cyber Security and its Evolving Trends on Modern Technologies" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38195.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/38195/an-analytical-study-on-attacks-and-threats-in-cyber-security-and-its-evolving-trends-on-modern-technologies/omkar-veerendra-nikhal
Cybersecurity for Smart Grids: Vulnerabilities and Strategies to Provide Cybe...Leonardo ENERGY
This Cybersecurity webinar addresses issues of importance to executive, technical, and academic professionals involved with managing and protecting Electric Utilities and Smart Grids. Cyber threats and vulnerabilities, including cyber attacks, will be addressed; as well as Smart Grid trends, and privacy and data integrity issues. United States, European, and International organizations and initiatives to address cybersecurity for utilities will be discussed. The webinar will conclude with strategies to improve cybersecurity. A second cybersecurity webinar (programmed in September 2017) will address best practices, case studies, and legal and regulatory constraints for architecting smart grids in a secure way.
Critical Infrastructure Protection against targeted attacks on cyber-physical...Enrique Martin
This White Paper looks the higher impact (and therefore riskier) attacks on cyber-physical systems in critical infrastructure control networks and propose protection by making some changes on organizations structures and procedures and new technologies of intrusion detection based on analysis behavior of control protocols and correlation of operational events.
An Analytical Study on Attacks and Threats in Cyber Security and its Evolving...ijtsrd
In today’s dynamic and technologically advanced world, the Internet has become one of the most innovative and rapidly growing technologies. With its rise, it has also become vulnerable to a significant increase in occurrences of cyber attacks, with detrimental effects. Typically, these cyber attacks are targeted at accessing, manipulating, or damaging confidential data, extracting users money, or extorting an organization’s or user’s private information. Sensitive information, whether intellectual property, financial data, confidential information, or other forms of private data are exposed to unauthorized access or disclosure, which can have adverse consequences. Protecting data has become one of the greatest obstacles today as cyber attacks are constantly escalating. Along with the growth of internet services and the advancement of information technology, the importance of cybersecurity is crucial. Cybersecurity aims to ensure that the security interests of the company and users assets are protected and preserved against relevant cyber threats in the digital world. The data and confidentiality of computing assets pertaining to the network of an organization are protected by cybersecurity. This paper mainly focuses on threats and issues in cybersecurity facing modern technologies. It also focuses on the latest cybersecurity strategies and developments that are transforming the face of cybersecurity. Omkar Veerendra Nikhal "An Analytical Study on Attacks and Threats in Cyber Security and its Evolving Trends on Modern Technologies" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38195.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/38195/an-analytical-study-on-attacks-and-threats-in-cyber-security-and-its-evolving-trends-on-modern-technologies/omkar-veerendra-nikhal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)MiajackB
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/smart_grid/article/cyber_security.html?cmp=agus_cxosp2gridsec-20100426&cm=c&csr=endsecurity&cr=slideshare&ct=usbrb401&cm_mmc=agus_cxosp2gridsec-20100426-usbrb401-_-c-_-endsecurity-_-slideshare
IBM End-to-End Smart Grid Security Involving IT Security and Enterprise Asset Management
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
Analytical survey of active intrusion detection techniques in mobile ad hoc n...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced wireless & mobile networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Authors are solicited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in Wireless Networks Systems .
Smart Grid Systems Based Survey on Cyber Security IssuesjournalBEEI
The future power system will be an innovative administration of existing power grids, which is called smart grid. Above all, the application of advanced communication and computing tools is going to significantly improve the productivity and consistency of smart grid systems with renewable energy resources. Together with the topographies of the smart grid, cyber security appears as a serious concern since a huge number of automatic devices are linked through communication networks. Cyber attacks on those devices had a direct influence on the reliability of extensive infrastructure of the power system. In this survey, several published works related to smart grid system vulnerabilities, potential intentional attacks, and suggested countermeasures for these threats have been investigated.
Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) are applications that collect data from a system in order to automate the monitoring and controlling of its activities. Several industrial fields such as, electric utilities, water supplies and buildings’ facilities have already adopted SCADA systems to increase the efficiency and reduce cost. However, the IT community is concerned about the level of security that any applied SCADA system provides. This paper concentrates on the major security threats encountered in SCADA systems. In addition, it discusses a new proposed methodology in order to increase the system security with minimal impact on efficiency. The proposed scheme provides several security services which are mutual authentication, confidentiality, data integrity and accountability.
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)MiajackB
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
http://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/us/en/smart_grid/article/cyber_security.html?cmp=agus_cxosp2gridsec-20100426&cm=c&csr=endsecurity&cr=slideshare&ct=usbrb401&cm_mmc=agus_cxosp2gridsec-20100426-usbrb401-_-c-_-endsecurity-_-slideshare
IBM End-to-End Smart Grid Security Involving IT Security and Enterprise Asset Management
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
Analytical survey of active intrusion detection techniques in mobile ad hoc n...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless & Mobile Networks. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Networks Systems .
International Journal of Wireless Networks Systems (IJWNS)ijfcst journal
The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced wireless & mobile networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Authors are solicited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in Wireless Networks Systems .
Smart Grid Systems Based Survey on Cyber Security IssuesjournalBEEI
The future power system will be an innovative administration of existing power grids, which is called smart grid. Above all, the application of advanced communication and computing tools is going to significantly improve the productivity and consistency of smart grid systems with renewable energy resources. Together with the topographies of the smart grid, cyber security appears as a serious concern since a huge number of automatic devices are linked through communication networks. Cyber attacks on those devices had a direct influence on the reliability of extensive infrastructure of the power system. In this survey, several published works related to smart grid system vulnerabilities, potential intentional attacks, and suggested countermeasures for these threats have been investigated.
Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) are applications that collect data from a system in order to automate the monitoring and controlling of its activities. Several industrial fields such as, electric utilities, water supplies and buildings’ facilities have already adopted SCADA systems to increase the efficiency and reduce cost. However, the IT community is concerned about the level of security that any applied SCADA system provides. This paper concentrates on the major security threats encountered in SCADA systems. In addition, it discusses a new proposed methodology in order to increase the system security with minimal impact on efficiency. The proposed scheme provides several security services which are mutual authentication, confidentiality, data integrity and accountability.
Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) are applications that collect data from a system in order to automate the monitoring and controlling of its activities. Several industrial fields such as, electric utilities, water supplies and buildings' facilities have already adopted SCADA systems to increase the efficiency and reduce cost. However, the IT community is concerned about the level of security that any applied SCADA system provides. This paper concentrates on the major security threats encountered in SCADA systems. In addition, it discusses a new proposed methodology in order to increase the system security with minimal impact on efficiency. The proposed scheme provides several security services which are mutual authentication, confidentiality, data integrity and accountability.
Recommended Solutions to Major Security Challenges Facing OT & IT Personnel w...Power System Operation
The electric power industry has come a long way since the 1900s, with respect to evolving from legacy analog devices to new and advanced digital technologies. “Today, microprocessor devices used by power utilities have advanced into smarter and more intelligent devices, known as intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). These IEDs aid power operators, technicians, and engineers in better decision making, offering more tools for controlling and monitoring power flow that can perform routine maintenance testing via remote control and automated functions. IEDs can detect and protect against various power fault and system disturbance scenarios along with providing power flow waveforms, metering data, and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) functionality.” [1]
As power control systems and operational technology (OT) systems continue to progress so does their dependence on information technology (IT) systems for communications and enterprise network connectivity. The OT world of SCADA and control systems for power substations continues to evolve with more influence, products and services from the IT world. The need for a unified cyber/physical security approach within the smart substation environment that protects the overall goal of safely delivering electric power to customers is not only a laudable goal, but an absolute requirement as the two traditional OT and IT environments start to become a single solution. The OT and IT convergence are a reality due to the integrated and complex computing e.g. networking and communications taking place within OT environments. This paper reviews some of the major security challenges facing OT and IT convergence with power utilities, particularly within smart grid (SG) and smart substation environments. Also, recommendations are provided for implementing and maintaining proper security controls in the new combined OT/IT environment.
Practical analysis of the cybersecurity of European smart gridsSergey Gordeychik
This paper summarizes the experience gained during a series of
practical cybersecurity assessments of various components of Europe’s
smart electrical grids.
Cyber-Defensive Architecture for Networked Industrial Control SystemsIJEACS
This paper deals with the inevitable consequence of the convenience and efficiency we benefit from the open, networked control system operation of safety-critical applications: vulnerability to such system from cyber-attacks. Even with numerous metrics and methods for intrusion detection and mitigation strategy, a complete detection and deterrence of internal code flaws and outside cyber-attacks has not been found and would not be found anytime soon. Considering the ever incompleteness of detection and prevention and the impact and consequence of mal-functions of the safety-critical operations caused by cyber incidents, this paper proposes a new computer control system architecture which assures resiliency even under compromised situations. The proposed architecture is centered on diversification of hardware systems and unidirectional communication from the proposed system in alerting suspicious activities to upper layers. This paper details the architectural structure of the proposed cyber defensive computer control system architecture for power substation applications and its validation in lab experimentation and on a cybersecurity testbed.
Powering up the shocking truth about cyber security in the energy industry - ...online Marketing
The energy industry is facing a growing threat from cyber-attacks. As our world becomes increasingly reliant on technology, hackers are looking for vulnerabilities in the energy grid to exploit. This poses a significant risk to national security, as well as the safety and reliability of energy supply. ontact our specialist team today for more info on how we can help support your business – info@cyberhive.com or visit: https://www.cyberhive.com/powering-up-the-shocking-truth-about-cyber-security-in-the-energy-industry/
As the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system are deployed in infrastructures which are critical to the survival of a nation, they have emerged as a potential terrain for cyber-war, thus attracting the considered attention of ‘nation-states’. The analysis of worms like ‘stuxnet’ ‘flame’ and ‘duqu’ reveals the hand of a ‘nation-state’ in their design and deployment. Hence, the necessity to understand various issues in the defence of SCADA systems arises. The forensics of the SCADA system provide deep insight into the design and deployment of the worm (the malware) once the system is attacked. This is precisely the scope of this essay.
Security Attacks and Countermeasures on Cloud Assisted IoT App.docxedgar6wallace88877
Security Attacks and Countermeasures on Cloud Assisted IoT Applications
Asma Alsaidi
The Communication and Information Research Center
Sultan Qaboos University
Muscat, Oman
[email protected]
Firdous Kausar
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University
Muscat, Oman
[email protected]
Abstract— Internet of things is an emerging technology having
the potential to improve the quality of different aspects of
human life. Furthermore, integration of IoT with cloud
computing has accelerated the wide range of applications in
different areas such as commercial, manufacturing,
engineering, supply chains, etc. Currently security threat
obstacles the adoption of IoT technology in many areas. This
paper presents the architecture of cloud assisted IoT
applications for smart cities, telemedicine and intelligent
transportation system. We investigate the security threats and
attacks due to unauthorized access and misuse of information
collected by IoT nodes and device. Further, we describe the
possible countermeasure to these security attacks.
Keywords- IoT; Cloud Computing; Smart cities; Intelligent
transport system; Telemedicine;
I. INTRODUCTION
The Internet of things (IoT) compromises a combination
of different sensors and objects that can collaborate with
each other with no human interference necessary. The
“things” in the IoT comprises objects, such as cars,
microwaves, refrigerators, toaster, air conditions etc, which
collect useful data from its surroundings with the help of
sensors and transmit this to the other connected devices that
take actions/decisions based on it. In other words, it can be
said that IoT is an architecture that encompasses smart
embedded devices that are connected to internet so they can
be controlled and triggered by internet.
It is expected that by the 2020, around 25 billion objects
will become the part of global IoT network [9], which will
pose new challenges in securing IoT systems. It will become
easy target for hackers as these systems are often deployed in
uncontrolled and hostile environment. The main security
challenges in IoT environment are authorization, privacy,
authentication, admission control, system conformation,
storage, and administration [2]. There are security solutions
available already for Internet, which should be equally
applicable to IoT networks as well. However, constrained
resources, different operational environment, and complex
interconnectivity among huge number of devices in IoT
make those security solutions insufficient.
The IoT systems are vulnerable to numerous different
types of security attacks: Denial of Service (DoS), Jamming
attacks, Sybil attacks, blackhole attacks, wormhole attacks,
and malware attacks etc. Even after implementing proper
security solutions in IoT devices, there are still possibilities
of different kind of attacks on the network. Therefore,
proper.
Challenges and Solution to Mitigate the cyber-attack on Critical Infrastruct...Abhishek Goel
SCADA systems control some of the most vital infrastructure in industrial and energy sectors, from oil and gas pipelines to nuclear facilities to water treatment plants.
Critical infrastructure is defined as the physical and IT assets, networks and services that if disrupted or destroyed would have a serious impact on the health, security, or economic wellbeing of citizens and the efficient functioning of a country’s government.
A new algorithm to enhance security against cyber threats for internet of thi...IJECEIAES
One major problem is detecting the unsuitability of traffic caused by a distributed denial of services (DDoS) attack produced by third party nodes, such as smart phones and other handheld Wi-Fi devices. During the transmission between the devices, there are rising in the number of cyber attacks on systems by using negligible packets, which lead to suspension of the services between source and destination, and can find the vulnerabilities on the network. These vulnerable issues have led to a reduction in the reliability of networks and a reduction in consumer confidence. In this paper, we will introduce a new algorithm called rout attack with detection algorithm (RAWD) to reduce the affect of any attack by checking the packet injection, and to avoid number of cyber attacks being received by the destination and transferred through a determined path or alternative path based on the problem. The proposed algorithm will forward the real time traffic to the required destination from a new alternative backup path which is computed by it before the attacked occurred. The results have showed an improvement when the attack occurred and the alternative path has used to make sure the continuity of receiving the data to the main destination without any affection.
Cybersecurity Considerations for Power Substation SCADA Systems Using IEC 618...Power System Operation
Because of recent cyber-attacks and threats against power utilities, cybersecurity continues to increase in importance and be on the minds of substation design engineers.
One major concern for power distribution utilities is “ensuring that all communication protocols performing control functions and data acquisition for substations are properly secured. With IEC-61850 being one of the most widely used communications protocols by utilities today, particularly in distribution automation (DA),” increases the need for greater security in communication protocols. [1]
IEC-61850 is also becoming the preferred standard for substation design and operations due to the common framework and object-oriented design for point names as well as the increased performance and lower lifecycle cost of SCADA systems utilizing the methodology and protocols. This paper will discuss major vulnerabilities and cybersecurity considerations that require proper analysis when designing and implementing a secure IEC-61850 standard-based SCADA system within a power substation. However, this paper will not discuss implementation methods or provide implementation concepts.
The fast emerging of internet of things (IoTs) has introduced fog computing as an intermediate layer between end-users and the cloud datacenters. Fog computing layer characterized by its closeness to end users for service provisioning than the cloud. However, security challenges are still a big concern in fog and cloud computing paradigms as well. In fog computing, one of the most destructive attacks is man-in-the-middle (MitM). Moreover, MitM attacks are hard to be detected since they performed passively on the network level. This paper proposes a MitM mitigation scheme in fog computing architecture. The proposal mapped the fog layer on software-defined network (SDN) architecture. The proposal integrated multi-path transmission control protocol (MPTCP), moving target defense (MTD) technique, and reinforcement learning agent (RL) in one framework that contributed significantly to improving the fog layer resources utilization and security. The proposed schema hardens the network reconnaissance and discovery, thus improved the network security against MitM attack. The evaluation framework was tested using a simulation environment on mininet, with the utilization of MPTCP kernel and Ryu SDN controller. The experimental results shows that the proposed schema maintained the network resiliency, improves resource utilization without adding significant overheads compared to the traditional transmission control protocol (TCP).
Privacy-aware secured discrete framework in wireless sensor networkIJECEIAES
Rapid expansion of wireless sensor network-internet of things (WSN-IoT) in terms of application and technologies has led to wide research considering efficiency and security aspects. Considering the efficiency approach such as data aggregation along with consensus mechanism has been one of the efficient and secure approaches, however, privacy has been one of major concern and it remains an open issue due to low classification and high misclassification rate. This research work presents the privacy and reliable aware discrete (PRD-aggregation) framework to protect and secure the privacy of the node. It works by initializing the particular variable for each node and defining the threshold; further nodes update their state through the functions, and later consensus is developed among the sensor nodes, which further updates. The novelty of PRD is discretized transmission for efficiency and security. PRD-aggregation offers reliability through efficient termination criteria and avoidance of transmission failure. PRD-aggregation framework is evaluated considering the number of deceptive nodes for securing the node in the network. Furthermore, comparative analysis proves the marginal improvisation in terms of discussed parameter against the existing protocol.
In September 2019, Unbound Tech surveyed 500 members of the Cyber Security Competency Group
(CSCG), a group of cybersecurity professionals (analysts, engineers, and architects) from different industries across North America. The survey addressed cryptographic key management and certificate management practices.
Until recently, Cyber attacks were aimed at Service Providers and Enterprises. The agenda was mostly
economic – to hurt customers and ruin reputations. An infrastructure with such vulnerability also places their
customers’ valuable data at risk. Today, the situation is even more severe. Critical infrastructures are now the
preferred target for cyber terrorists who want to wage war within the comfort of their homes. If not addressed
properly, the massive increase in such attacks will reach new peaks, with catastrophic consequences.
The Cloud and Mobility revolution, intensified by the quickly evolving threat landscape, heightens the
challenge for businesses to secure their IT infrastructure. Now they must fight security threats that target
their employees, applications, and other assets - not just on-premises, but throughout all of cyberspace.
פתרון ייחודי אשר מספק קישוריות אלחוטית אמינה ורחבת סרט לרכבות הנעות במהירויות עד 150 קמ"ש, יאפשר להנגיש את האינטרנט גם לנוסעי הרכבת. הפתרון נותן מענה גם לטלוויזיה במעגל סגור, טלמטריה ואפליקציות מולטימדיה אשר דורשים תעבורת וידיאו, קול ונתונים
Cybridge Secure Content Filter for SCADA NetworksGeorge Wainblat
Industrial infrastructures are growing in size and complexity. And it’s all too clear that traditional enterprise IT solutions have not been successful in safeguarding them from
cyber-attack.
They do not meet the best-practice deep-packet inspection capability in the field, nor do they place an emphasis on zone protection network segmentation.
As well, they tend to focus on preventing loss of confidential information, rather than
what really matters in the industrial world – reliability and integrity of the system.In this architecture, a Cybridge is used as a one way content filter gateway which enables the extraction and export of protocol data and information from within the industrial networks, carried upon industrial protocols, to enterprise networks.
This allows safe and easy integration of the machine data coming from the SCADA
network in enterprise reporting and statistical services, within external or public networks without any Cyber-attacks apprehension.
Управление коммуникациями является основой большинства операций учреждения. Это влияет на уровень доходов, на уровень безопасности, перенаселенность и оказывает
непосредственное влияние на благополучие заключенных, их друзей, членов их семьи и персонала. IV ² S система управления вызовами является сердцем системы управления операциями компании Bynet. Система предоставляет клиентам компании преимущества использования централизованной цифровой сети, сети, которая обладает
такими достоинствами как: повышенная гибкость, более жесткий контроль, эффективность и удобство, высокая доступность, повышение способности борьбы с преступностью, aварийное восстановление.
Healthcare organizations face a wide spectrum of challenges, including constantly-rising financial pressure, regulatory restrictions, the need for continual improvement in staff time efficiency, and patient/staff safety concerns. Many of the problems contributing to these challenges share a common cause – a lack of ”visibility” of the real-time location, status
and condition of patients, staff, medical equipment and other mobile assets. An infusion pump that isn’t regularly maintained, an open refrigerator with temperature-sensitive goods,
suboptimal patient flow within and between departments, or a wandering patient - can all have a major impact on a hospital’s overall quality of care and business. Bynet addresses
and provides solutions to meet these challenges, increasing visibility within hospitals and delivering tools that stimulate operational efficiency
The availability of a citywide broadband infrastructure is the basis for the successful implementation of Connected Urban Transportation (CUT). Initially, this will support the
development of data, voice, video and mobile communication platforms that will be used with local policy and other efforts to increase enablement of work anywhere/anytime.
Our goal is to propose concepts which make public transportation an attractive, convincing alternative to private cars.
Bynet’s connected Urban Transportation Solutions intended to make public transportation convenient, comfortable, efficient, and reliable.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
CYBER SECURITY TRANDS FOR FUTURE SMART GRID SYSTEMS
1. * yuval.illuz@ecitele.com
CYBER SECURITY TRANDS FOR FUTURE SMART GRID SYSTEMS
Y. Illuz* G. Wainblat S. Barda
ECI Telecom ECI Telecom ECI Telecom
Israel Israel Israel
SUMMARY - Current power grids increasingly emerging into smart networked grids and are
more accessible from the public internet which poses new cyber threats in the grid.
More computer based systems are introduced into power networks in order to monitor and control the
network.
Future model smart grid and micro grid systems will be based on data flows for communication of
system status, usage and control throughout the network infrastructure in addition to the power flow.
This creates new security threats on the power grid.
Instead of relying mainly on power plants for power generation, there will be a combination of
multiple generation sources and at the same time wider use of electrical computer based equipment
by consumers. Both increase the amount of data flows in the network as well as introduce additional
vulnerable spots.
Vulnerability of the power grid to cyber-attacks increases even more because of the wide use of
SCADA networks. SCADA networks are more accessible to the internet and lack authentication and
authorization mechanisms therefore expose the grid to threats such as DDOS, Data interception,
Data alteration and additional hacking threats.
The transition from present to future model has already begun and rapidly growing while it already
poses new security challenges which must be attended immediately.
It is essential to introduce immediately a single comprehensive security solution which will provide
fast detection and prevention tools to cope with a variety of threats with different nature and from
multiple sources. The solution should not be tightly coupled with each device in the network so it
won’t require upgrade of the devices inside the grid.
The Cyber defense solution should be versatile using variety of cyber technologies such as Firewalls,
anomaly detection, Big Data analytics, machine learning and more in a network wise combination.
KEYWORDS - Cyber Security, Smart Grid, DDOS, Big Data
XVI ERIAC
DECIMOSEXTO ENCUENTRO
REGIONAL IBEROAMERICANO DE CIGRÉ
Comité de Estudio D2 - Sistemas de Información y Telecomunicaciones para Sistemas de Potencia
D2-05Puerto Iguazú, Argentina 17 al 21 de mayo de 2015
2. Smart Grid and IoT
Smart Grid technologies will allow for utility operators to have greatly improved situational awareness
about grid operations. These systems will improve the resiliency and reliabity of the grid, as power can
be quickly rerouted around damaged components, and as utilities can more quickly detect and repair
affected portions of the grid.
Smart Grid technologies will also allow for the connection of many appliances, systems and tools that
previously remained unconnected to the grid [1].
Smart Grid customers are the Internet of Things - the network of physical objects that contain
embedded technology to communicate and sense or interact with their internal states or the external
environment.
The growth in IoT will far exceed that of other connected devices, resulting in a population of about
26 billion units by 2020 [2].
With these innovations there are significant security challenges as these devices represent a new attack
vector for malware or other disruptions. Securing these components will be vital to the health and
success of widespread smart grid adoption and the use of connected smart appliances.
As new renewable energy sources (e.g. wind, solar and hydropower) will become widely available in
addition to traditional ones (e.g. nuclear energy and fossil energy - like oil, coal and natural gas) [3],
smart grid management and security will become crucially important.
However, IoT is not only about the billions of new connected objects and inspecting the staggering
amount of data they are producing. While the dramatic increase in the number and types of connected
objects certainly expands the attack surface and dramatically increases the diversity of threats, they are
only part of the IoT security challenge. Another new challenge is the convergence of the
organization’s existing IT network with the Operational Technology (OT) network (e.g.
manufacturing floors, energy grids, transportation systems, and other industrial control systems) [4].
Cyber Threats
In general, many types of threats decorate the cyber threat landscape of the recent years: Information
Warfare, Cyber Espionage, Cyber Crime, Cracking, Hacktivism and Cyber Terror [5].
Protecting the national electricity grid from cyber-attacks is a critical national security issue. Evidence
collected suggests that cyber-attacks on key energy infrastructure - and on the electricity system in
particular - are increasing, both in frequency and sophistication. These trends are alarming because the
potential consequences of a successful large-scale cyber-attack - or combined cyber and physical
attack - on the electric power sector are difficult to overstate.
As previous grid failures have shown, any event that causes prolonged power outages over a large area
would not only be extremely costly, it would wreak havoc on millions of people’s daily lives and
could profoundly disrupt the delivery of essential services, including communications, food, water,
health care, and emergency response. Moreover, cyber threats, unlike traditional threats to electric grid
reliability such as extreme weather, are less predictable in their timing and more difficult to anticipate
and address. A cyber-attack could come from many sources and - given the size and complexity of the
nation-wide electric grid - could target many potential vulnerabilities. For this reason, experts agree
that the risk of a successful attack is significant, and that the system and its operators must be prepared
to contain and minimize the consequences [6].
There is a substantial amount of data that flows within the Smart Grid networks, used to connect
between the distributed energy sources and multiple consumers in a smart, balanced and controlled
way. This information flow is sometimes accessible to the public networks (e.g. Internet), hence
exposing the Smart Grid network to potential multi-layered cyber-attacks. Many typed of attacks
combine several attack vectors into the target network.
3. Figure [1] - Percentage of critical infrastructure enterprise executives reporting large-scale DDoS
attacks and their frequency [7]
Cyber Security Protection Approach
The right approach for providing a proper Cyber Security Solution is to define a holistic, intuitive and
customized approach which provides safe network against multilayer cyber-attacks, including zero day
attacks.
Multi-layered approach – in order to provide comprehensive and coherent protection, one must
design and set in place defense mechanisms through layer 1 till 7 of the OSI model [8], adding Layer 8
as user's layer. The following figure depicts the conceptual multi-layered approach for Smart Grid
protection.
Figure [2] – Graphical representation of holistic Cyber Security approach for Smart Grid networks
DDOS Protection - A real-time, behavioral based attack mitigation device that protects the
organization infrastructure against network and application downtime. Appropriate solution must
provide distributed denial of service (DDoS) mitigation and SSL-based protection to fully protect
applications and networks against known and emerging network security threats such as denial of
service attacks, DDoS attacks, Internet pipe saturation, attacks on login pages, attacks behind CDNs,
and SSL-based flood attacks.
4. Network Anomaly Detection - Profiles the normal behavior of the network and detects the subtle
behavior deviations that could represent suspicious activity. This technology doesn't require user
defined inputs (e.g. custom rules). As input, it receives mirror traffic as well as DPI results from
another IDS engines while producing session based information which indicates the existence of
malicious agents.
Figure [3] – Graphical representation of Network Anomaly Detection
Big Data - Centralized mechanism for collected alarms aggregation, normalization, correlation and
prioritization from distributed Cyber cards and managed devices.
Cyber Management System logging module should maintain all historical occurrences of
alarms/events and ability to export them sored for UI purposes.
Alarms collection mechanism from all managed devices is useless unless there is a synchronization of
the collected information into a singular view describing the security breach.
Data Analytics - Sophisticated logical analysis of cross-data patterns to identify breaches and threats
based on multiproduct and multilayer information logic:
Logs/database collection from any Network Element into a data-lake
Set of heuristics/algorithms to identify security attacks
Tools for cross reference identification based on variety of data
Figure [4] – Graphical representation of Big Data Analytics
Machine Learning - Use such techniques on known breaches to provide future-proof security
protection (e.g. against Zero-day attacks) and anomaly behavior identification.
Protection from Zero Day attacks:
Develop measuring, preprocessing and learning models which based on current known
patterns of behavior and produce prediction of future breaches patterns.
After optimization process, one can load those patterns on IDS/IPS Cyber engines to provide
future proof protection.
5. Anomaly behavior identification - Present methods for anomaly behavior identification of cyber data,
alerting when suspicious and possibly malicious activity occurs.
SCADA Protection – in order to keep Utilities OT network out of harm's way, there is a need to use a
holistic approach, comprised of several technologies: SW/HW unidirectional protection, FW for
SCADA protocols and SCADA DPI (Deep Packet Inspection).
1. SW Unidirectional protection - A dual-node approach for securing the network from the
outside. Recommended solution uses a two-tier deployment architecture, comprising of
External Node and Internal Node.
The role of the external node is to act as a front-end to all services published. This node
ensures that only legitimate session data can pass through into the internal network. It operates
without opening any ports within the external firewall. The role of the internal node it to pull
the session data into the internal network from the external node, scan it using various
application level security techniques, and then pass it on to the destination application server.
2. SCADA DPI - Fast and optimized pattern match mechanism: state-full aware, per packet deep
inspection, quickly identify existence of common signatures within the packet, match to
signatures based on set of rules, ability to load any rule/signature on run time with no traffic
affecting, dynamically updated signatures, focus on MODBUS, DNP3, BACnet and additional
SCADA protocols.
Analysis process composed of two levels:
1. Quickly filters out the vast majority of traffic which is clearly harmless (looking for
simple signatures at a low CPU cost). Traffic which marked as suspicious (common attack
signature found), forwarded to additional analysis.
2. Seeks deeper in the packet and keeps tracking the connection to increase level of certainty
and reduce false positives.
3. SCADA Unidirectional Firewall - Central Cyber NFV [9] Card located at the control center
ensure first line of defense for SCADA protocol handles, such as protocol validations, user
and network authentication, secure encrypted channel to other cyber cards located at the edge
of the OT network (substations).
Edge Cyber cards located at the substations ensures only legitimate SCADA traffic designated
to the substation will pass-through: connected through the secure channel to the main cyber
card, retrieve only the related sessions which finds as legitimate to be processed.
Performs a set of additional, rigorous investigation rules (which complete the first set of rules)
to validate completely the sessions
Both engines should include Layer 3, 4 and layer 7 filtering in addition to granular content
state-full inspections of industrial applications and traffic role-based validation of SCADA
flows.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] Securing the U.S. Electrical Grid (Center for the Study of The Presidency & Congress, July
2014)
[2] "Gartner Says the Internet of Things Installed Base Will Grow to 26 Billion Units By 2020"
(Gartner, December 2013)
[3] Energy.gov
[4] To Succeed with Big Data, Enterprises Must Drop an IT-Centric Mindset; Securing IoT
Networks Requires New Thinking (Cisco Blog, October 2014)
[5] Cyber Security Threats, Dr Paul Twomey (The Lowy Institute for International Policy,
September 2010)
[6] Cybersecurity and the North American Electric Grid: New Policy Approaches to Address an
Evolving Threat (Bipartisan Policy Center’s Electric Grid Cybersecurity Initiative, February
2014)
[7] Smart Grid - Safe, Secure, Self-Healing (IEEE Power & Energy, January 2012)
[8] ISO/IEC standard 7498-1:1994
[9] Network Functions Virtualization - Introductory White Paper (ETSI, October 2012)