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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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1. Cubans Vote In Favor Of Family Law
Reform That Will Allow Same-sex
Marriage
English Level 8-9
Listen, Learn & Speak
2. 2
Word bank
Let us deposit new words in our ENGLISH
REFERENDUM
REFORM
SURROGATE
CONSERVATISM
CAMPAIGN
3. 3
Here are the words from the article for your daily vocabulary empowerment.
1. REFERENDUM (NOUN)
The principle or practice of submitting to popular vote a measure passed
on or proposed by a legislative body or by popular initiative
The issue was decided by referendum.
ref·er·en·dum | ˌre-fə-ˈren-dəm
Meaning
Example
PRONUNCIATION
4. 4
Here are the words from the article for your daily vocabulary empowerment.
2. REFORM (VERB)
to put or change into an improved form or condition
I made many resolutions to reform my personality, but never quite got
round to it..
re·form | ri-ˈfȯrm
Meaning
Example
PRONUNCIATION
5. 5
Here are the words from the article for your daily vocabulary empowerment.
3. SURROGATE (NOUN)
one appointed to act in place of another
He could not attend the meeting, so he sent his surrogate..
sur·ro·gate | ˈsər-ə-gət
Meaning
Example
PRONUNCIATION
6. 6
Here are the words from the article for your daily vocabulary empowerment.
4. CONSERVATISM (NOUN)
the tendency to prefer an existing or traditional situation to change
Jones himself was a curious mixture of radicalism and conservatism..
Meaning
Example
PRONUNCIATION
con·ser·va·tism | kən-ˈsər-və-ˌti-zəm
7. 7
Here are the words from the article for your daily vocabulary empowerment.
5. CAMPAIGN (VERB)
to go on, engage in, or conduct a campaign
By 2006 several groups such as No2ID had formed to campaign against
ID cards in Britain..
Meaning
Example
PRONUNCIATION
cam·paign | (ˌ)kam-ˈpān
8. 8
THINGS YOU NEED TO FOCUS ON:
Read and comprehend the questions
Listen to the audio attentively
Take notes the important information
Answer the questions
9. 9
1. What family law code have been approved in
Cuba?
2. What movements are against the reform of family
law code?
3. Who is the major supporter of same-sex
marriage?
4. Why have several religious leaders opposed or
expressed concern to the law?
10. 10
Cubans Vote In Favor Of Family Law Reform That Will Allow Same-sex Marriage
Cubans have approved a sweeping “family law” code that would allow same-sex couples to marry and adopt as well as
redefine rights for children and grandparents, officials said, though opposition in the national referendum was unusually strong
on the Communist party-governed island. The reforms had met unusually strong open resistance from the growing evangelical
movement – and many other Cubans – despite an extensive government campaign in favour of the measure, including
thousands of informative meetings across the country and extensive media coverage backing it.
Cuban elections, in which no party other than the Communist is allowed, routinely produce victory margins of more than 90% –
as did a referendum on a major constitutional reform in 2019. The code would allow surrogate pregnancies, broader rights for
grandparents in regard to grandchildren, protection of elderly people and measures against gender violence.
President Miguel Díaz-Canel, who has promoted the law, acknowledged questions about the measure as he voted on Sunday.
“Most of our people will vote in favor of the code, but it still has issues that our society as a whole does not understand,” he
said.
The measure had been approved by Cuba’s parliament, the national assembly, after years of debate.
A major supporter of the measure was Mariela Castro, the director of the National Center for Sex Education, a promoter of
rights for same-sex couples, daughter of the former president, Raúl Castro, and niece of his brother Fidel.
There is a strong strain of social conservatism in Cuba and several religious leaders have expressed concern or opposition to
the law, worried it could weaken nuclear families.
Some of those churches took advantage of the opening in 2018 and 2019 to campaign against another referendum that
would have rewritten the constitution to allow same-sex marriage. Opposition was strong enough that the government at that
time backed away.
11. 11
Directions: Read each question and state the correct answer based on the
article you have listened
1. What family law code have been approved in Cuba?
WHAT?
12. 12
Directions: Read each question and state the correct answer based on the
article you have listened
1. What family law code have been approved in Cuba?
ANSWER
ALLOWING SAME-SEX MARRIAGE AND ADOPT
13. 13
Directions: Read each question and state the correct answer based on the
article you have listened
2. What movements are against the reform of family law
code?
WHAT ?
14. 14
Directions: Read each question and state the correct answer based on the
article you have listened
2. What movements are against the reform of family law code?
ANSWER
THE EVANGELICAL AND MANY OTHER CUBANS
15. 15
Directions: Read each question and state the correct answer based on the
article you have listened
3. Who is the major supporter of same-sex marriage?
WH0 ?
16. 16
Directions: Read each question and state the correct answer based on the
article you have listened
3. Who is the major supporter of same-sex marriage?
ANSWER
SHE IS MARIELA CASTRO
17. 17
Directions: Read each question and state the correct answer based on the
article you have listened
4. Why have several religious leaders opposed or expressed concern
to the law?
WHY ?
18. 18
Directions: Read each question and state the correct answer based on the
article you have listened
4. Why have several religious leaders opposed or expressed concern
to the law?
ANSWER
BECAUSE IT COULD WEAKEN NUCLEAR FAMILIES
19. 19
Directions: Read the news article aloud, you may use the slashing technique as a guide.
ニュース記事を音読しましょう。文中の意味のまとまりを表すスラッシュ (/) までを一息で読
んでみましょう。
Cubans/ have approved / a sweeping /“family law” code that /would allow/ same-sex couples /to marry/ and adopt /as well as/
redefine rights/ for children/ and grandparents,/ officials said,/ though opposition /in the national referendum/ was unusually
strong /on the Communist/ party-governed island./ The reforms/ had met unusually /strong open resistance/ from the growing/
evangelical movement /– and many other Cubans/ – despite/ an extensive /government campaign /in favour of the measure,/
including thousands /of informative meetings /across the country /and extensive media coverage/ backing it./
Cuban elections,/ in which no party/ other than /the Communist is allowed,/ routinely produce/ victory margins /of more than
90% /– as did a referendum /on a major /constitutional reform in 2019./ The code would allow /surrogate pregnancies,/ broader
rights for grandparents/ in regard to grandchildren,/ protection of elderly people/ and measures against /gender violence./
President Miguel Díaz-Canel,/ who has promoted/ the law, /acknowledged questions /about the measure /as he voted on
Sunday./
“Most of our people/ will vote/ in favor of the code, /but it still /has issues/ that our society/ as a whole/ does not understand,”/ he
said./
The measure/ had been approved/ by Cuba’s parliament,/ the national assembly,/ after years of debate./
A major supporter /of the measure /was Mariela Castro,/ the director/ of the National Center for Sex Education,/ a promoter of
rights/ for same-sex couples, /daughter of the former president,/ Raúl Castro, /and niece of/ his brother Fidel./
There is a strong strain /of social conservatism/ in Cuba/ and several religious leaders/ have expressed concern /or opposition
to the law, /worried it could weaken/ nuclear families./
Some of those churches/ took advantage/ of the opening in 2018/ and 2019/ to campaign /against another/ referendum/ that
would have/ rewritten the constitution/ to allow same-sex marriage. /Opposition was strong enough /that the government at that
Cubans Vote In Favor Of Family Law Reform That Will Allow Same-sex Marriage
20. 20
You may answer the questions based on your ideal thoughts.
Expressing yourself freely is encouraged either in a positive or negative
language.
ANSWER IN TWO OPTIONS:
POSITIVE THOUGHTS NEGATIVE THOUGHTS
23. 23
DO YOU AGREE TO SAME-SEX MARRIAGE?
Yes, I agree, because love is universal and even same
sex, they can fall in love genuinely.
No, I don’t agree because it is a big sin, man is for
woman and vice-versa. So, it should be in an alignment
with gender
24. 24
QUESTION 2
DO YOU AGREE THAT CHURCHES SHOULD PARTICIPATE
IN OPPOSING SAME-SEX MARRIAGE ?
25. 25
DO YOU AGREE THAT CHURCHES SHOULD PARTICIPATE IN
OPPOSING SAME-SEX MARRIAGE ?
26. 26
DO YOU AGREE THAT CHURCHES SHOULD PARTICIPATE IN
OPPOSING SAME-SEX MARRIAGE?
Yes, I agree, because it would help them to realize what
they are doing is against God and the society .
No, I don’t agree, because it is not about what they are
fighting for, it is about the human rights and equality
27. 27
QUESTION 3
DO YOU AGREE THAT A SAME-SEX COUPLE SHOULD BE
GIVEN THE RIGHTS TO ADOPT?
28. 28
DO YOU AGREE THAT A SAME-SEX COUPLE SHOULD BE GIVEN THE
RIGHTS TO ADOPT?
29. 29
DO YOU AGREE THAT A SAME-SEX COUPLE SHOULD BE
GIVEN THE RIGHTS TO ADOPT?
Yes, I agree, because it can help an orphan to have a
loving family and let them feel to have a parent to love
them.
No, I don’t agree, because it would be a negative
impact to child that would cause bullying and emotional
confusion.
30. 30
Three new words and phrases in this lesson
このレッスンでの新出単語やフレーズを 3 つ
Three difficult -to -pronounce words
あなたの苦手な発音を 3 つ
Teacher will choose the word/ phrases then read it.
You will repeat after your teacher 3 times.
31. 31
TO-DO-LIST
Study your vocabulary and its meaning
Practice the pronunciation
Try to make you own sentence using the vocabulary
Read it aloud
