Ct Info Booklet October 2009 Spreads Wip

Citadel Technologies ..................... 1

DiamondWrap®................................ 3

BlackDiamond®............................... 7

DiamondWrap® HP™ ......................... 11

RhinoWrap® ................................... 15

SLS-Series™ ................................... 17

Test Information ............................ 21

Appendix ........................................ 25

Forms ............................................ 28

October, 2009

A Pipe Around a Pipe.
Structural Carbon/Epoxy Rehab System for the Prevention and Repair of Leaking or Corroded Piping Systems

To Our Valued Customers: Custom Designed Solutions for:

Oil and Gas Pipelines Nuclear and Power Plants
Citadel Technologies has been headquartered in Tulsa, Oklahoma USA since 1993 and is the developer and Chemical Plants Mining
manufacturer of carbon composite repair systems. Our products include DIAMONDWRAP®, BLACKDIAMOND®, Water/Wastewater Facilities Pulp and Paper Mills
DIAMONDWRAP® HP™ and the SLS-SERIES™ of primers and coatings. They are the most extensively tested Refineries Offshore/Marine Terminals
products on the market and have been installed in over 30 countries.
As the best alternative to clamps and replacement, our products of carbon fiber and 100% solid epoxies are used Convenient and Cost Effective
to rehabilitate and restore original strength to damaged, corroded and eroded pipelines and pipe systems.
Citadel Technologies´ products save time, labor and equipment costs. In most cases there is no plant downtime. Pipes
DIAMONDWRAP® can also facilitate the repair of leaks, making these systems premier in the market of non-metallic
can be wrapped while the line is in service, requiring no line evacuation, no welding of pipe, no need to cut the pipe, no
repairs.
heavy equipment handling requirements and no volatile compounds.
Our SLS-Series™ of coating system provides protection of surfaces for corrosion, erosion and harsh environments. Compliant Standards
Citadel Technologies products are compliant with all major composite repair standards, including ASME PCC-2 and • ASME PCC-2-2006 Post Construction Code Repair using Nonmetallic Materials
ISO-TS 24817. Our commitment to excellence assures that, all systems are continually tested and reviewed using both • ASME B31.4 Paragraph 451.6.2
in-house research and independent labs to insure that we maintain our leadership in the industry. • ASME B31.8 Paragraph 851.42
• ISO-TS 24817 – Composite repairs for pipework – Qualification and design, installation, testing and inspection
If you are interested in additional information, please contact our authorized distributor in your area or our office in
• NRF-030-PEMEX-2006 paragraph 8.4.2.4.6
Tulsa, Oklahoma.
• NRF-0187-PEMEX-2007 paragraph 8.6.2.5
• API 570
Regards,
• DOT *
*Note: These standards do not endorse products, but sets forth regulations for non-metallic repairs in CFR Parts 192 and 195
Roger H. Walker, PE
President Additional Services
Citadel Technologies engineering team can provide you the following:
• Lunch and Learn Session to provide answers to your questions regarding composites.
• Installation Training.
• Inspector Training.
• Impressive summary of the extensive testing performed.
• Regularly scheduled training and certifications classes.

1 2


Description Features and Characteristics
DIAMONDWRAP® is the premier carbon-fiber wrap system used to rehabilitate and restore original operational • Superior alternative to clamps.
strength to damaged, corroded and eroded piping systems. DIAMONDWRAP® is engineered to provide strength that • All pipe sizes.
enables a pipe to be restored to maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) without shutting down. The system is • Straight length, elbows, tees, valves, fittings, vessels.
comprised of the three components, each thoroughly and independently tested at both the university and international • Compatible with carbon steel, stainless steel, alloys, PVC, fiberglass and more.
laboratory level. The first component is an epoxy primer, which ensures complete bonding and load transfer between • High pressure – Low profile.
the repair and the substrate. The second component and most unique feature of the DIAMONDWRAP® system, is its • Carbon fabric wrap (PAN-Polyacrylnitrile).
selection of bi-directional woven carbon-fiber materials, which provides reinforcement in the hoop and axial directions • High corrosion resistance.
and is the strongest available non-metallic repair on the market. The third part of the binding force in the system is the • Long service life.
polymeric epoxy resin, which allows for uniform loading thoroughly the entire wrap. For repairs that require surfaces to • No VOC´s.
be modified (g.e.: heavy pitting or irregular shapes), the high modulus filler can be applied. These components form a • DIAMONDWRAP® 100% solids epoxy systems for chemical resistance.
composite system that is stronger than steel. The structural system forms a pipe around a pipe, and each successive wrap • No hot works. / No welding.
increases the pressure rating. Minimal creep ensures a long service life. • Engineered solution.
• Supplied as a complete kit.
DIAMONDWRAP® requires an engineering assessment to compile service information such as substrate • Chemically resistant.
material, wall loss, operating temperature, pressure ranges and environment exposure. Citadel Technologies´ • Able to withstand high temperatures.
DIAMONDWRAP®Wizard© software analyzes this information to determine the number of wraps required for each • High strength.
pipe repair. • Fast curing.
• Extensively tested in labs and in the field.
Because of its wet lay-up and low profile, DIAMONDWRAP® can be installed on tees, elbows, straight runs of pipe,
confined spaces and irregular surfaces that require structural reinforcement or leak containment. The adhesive properties Make it safely to the next turnaround or longer without an emergency plant shut down!
of the epoxy allow it to be applied to most substrates.

before after

3 4


Properties Metric System (English System)
before after
Total Layers Normal Range 2 to 6 (One Layer = One Ply)
Cure Time Typically 4.5 Hours @ 25°C (77°F)
Maximum Recommended Operating Temperature 82°C (180°F) for standard epoxy
Chemical Resistance Excellent (See chemical resistance p. 23)
Nominal Thickness 0.91 mm (0.036 in) for 2 Ply BA Fabric to
2.74 mm (0.108 in) for 6 Ply BA Fabric
Fabric PAN (Polyacrylnitrile)
Carbon Content by Volume 21% to 40%
Glass Fiber Content by Volume 0%
Lap Sheer (Adhesive) Strength > 8618 kpa (1250 psi) @ 60°C (140°F)
Compressive Strength of Putty 33,129 kpa (8805 psi) @ 60°C (140°F)
Hardness 78 to 84 (Shore D)
Linear Elastic Behavior 1.20% Strain to Failure
Elastic Modulus, Hoop Direction 3.47 x 107 kpa (5.03 x 106 psi for BA)
Elastic Modulus, Axial Direction 3.16 x 107 kpa (4.59 x 106 psi)
Tensile Strength, Hoop Direction 4.44 x 105 kpa (64,434 psi)
Tensile Strength, Axial Direction 2.72 x 105 kpa (39,412 psi)
Coeficient of Thermal Expansion, Hoop Direction 2.52 x 10-5 °C-1 (1.4 x 10-5 °F-1)
Coeficient of Thermal Expansion, Axial Direction 1.278 x 10-5 °C-1 (0.71 x 10-5 °F-1)
Design Stress, Hoop Direction 342,076 kpa (49,614 psi)
Design Stress, Axial Direction 209,235 kpa (30,347 psi)
Fatigue (cycle without failure - defect dependent) >100,000 cycles (0 -100% MAOP) with up to 80% wall loss
MSDS (Shipping Adhesive) Routinely shipped by air freight

5 6

B A KD
L C IAM N
O D Composite Wrap
Structural Carbon/Epoxy Rehab System for the Prevention and Repair of Corroded Piping Systems

BLACKDIAMOND® is the premier carbon-fiber wrap system used to rehabilitate and restore original operational • Superior alternative to clamps.
strength to damaged, corroded and eroded pipelines. BLACKDIAMOND® is engineered to provide strength that • All pipe sizes.
enables a pipeline to be restored to maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) without shutting down. The • Straight length, elbows, tees.
system is comprised of the three components, each thoroughly and independently tested at both the university and • Compatible with carbon steel, stainless steel, alloys, PVC, fiberglass and more.
national laboratory level. The first component is an epoxy primer, which ensures complete bonding and load transfer • High pressure – Low profile.
between the repair and the substrate. The second component and most unique feature of the BLACKDIAMOND® • Carbon fabric wrap (PAN-Polyacrylnitrile).
system, is its bi-directional woven carbon-fiber material, which provides reinforcement in the hoop and axial directions • High corrosion resistance.
and is the strongest available non-metallic repair on the market. The third part of the binding force in the system is the • Long service life.
polymeric epoxy resin, which allows for uniform loading thoroughly the entire wrap. For repairs that require surfaces to • No VOC´s.
be modified (e.g: heavy pitting), the high modulus filler can be applied. These components form a composite system • BLACKDIAMOND® 100% solids epoxy systems for chemical resistance.
that is stronger than steel. The structural system forms a pipe around a pipe, and each successive wrap increases the • No hot works. / No welding.
pressure rating. Minimal creep ensures a long service life. • Engineered solution.
BLACKDIAMOND® requires an engineering assessment to compile information such as substrate material, wall loss, • Chemically resistant.
operating temperature and pressure ranges. Citadel Technologies’ BLACKDIAMOND® Wizard© software analyzes • Able to withstand high temperatures.
this information to determine the number of wraps required for each pipeline repair. • High strength.
• Fast curing.
Because of its wet lay-up and low profile, BLACKDIAMOND® can be installed on tees, elbows, straight runs of pipe,
• Extensively tested in labs and in the field.
confined spaces and irregular surfaces that require structural reinforcement. The adhesive properties of the epoxy allow
it to be applied to most substrates.

NOTE: BLACKDIAMOND® SYSTEM IS DESIGNED FOR INSTALLATION ON TRANSMISSON PIPELINES.
BLACKDIAMOND® SYSTEM IS NOT INTENDED FOR USE ON A PIPELINE LEAK REPAIR.
LEAK REPAIR SHOULD BE CONDUCTED USING THE DIAMONDWRAP® LINE OF PRODUCTS.

7 8

B A KD
L C IAM N
O D Composite Wrap


Cure Time Typically 4.5 Hours @ 25°C (77°F)
Maximum Recommended Operating Temperature 82°C (180°F)
Nominal Thickness 0.98 mm (0.039 in) for 2 Ply to2.93 mm (0.116 in) for 6 Ply
Fabric PAN (Polyacrylnitrile)
Carbon Content by Weight 21% to 40%
Glass Fiber Content by Weight 0%
Compressive Strength of Putty 33,129 kpa (8805 psi) @ 60°C (140°F)
Elastic Modulus, Hoop Direction 6.70 x 107 kpa (9.72 x 106 psi)
Elastic Modulus, Axial Direction 1.47 x 107 kpa (2.13 x 106 psi)
Tensile Strength, Hoop Direction 755,493 kpa (109,575 psi)
Tensile Strength, Axial Direction 188,302 kpa (27,311 psi)
Design Stress, Hoop Direction 581,731 kpa (84,373 psi)
Design Stress, Axial Direction 144,997 kpa (21,030 psi)
Fatigue (cycle without failure - defect dependent) >100,000 cycles (0 -100% MAOP) with up to 80% wall loss

9 10

Composite Wrap

DIAMONDWRAP® HP™ is the leading carbon-fiber wrap system used to rehabilitate and restore original operational • Superior alternative to clamps.
strength to dented, gouged, corroded and eroded pipelines. DIAMONDWRAP® HP™ is engineered to provide • All pipe sizes.
strength that enables a pipeline to be restored to maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) without shutting • Straight length, elbows, tees.
down. The system is comprised of the three components, each thoroughly and independently tested at both the • Compatible with carbon steel, stainless steel, alloys, PVC, fiberglass and more.
university and national laboratory levels. The first component is a solid epoxy primer, which ensures complete bonding • High pressure – Low profile.
and load transfer between the repair and the substrate. The second component and most unique feature of the • Carbon fabric wrap (PAN-Polyacrylnitrile).
DIAMONDWRAP® HP™ system, is its bi-directionally woven carbon-fiber material, which provides reinforcement • High corrosion resistance.
in the hoop and axial directions and is the strongest available non- metallic repair on the market. The third part of the • Long service life.
binding force in the system is the polymeric epoxy resin, which allows for uniform loading thoroughly the entire wrap. • No VOC´s.
For repairs that require surfaces to be modified (e.g: heavy pitting or irregular shapes), the high modulus filler can be • DIAMONDWRAP® HP™ 100% solids epoxy systems for chemical resistance.
applied. These components form a composite system that is stronger than steel. The structural system forms a pipe • No hot works. / No welding.
around a pipe, and each successive wrap increases the pressure rating. Minimal creep ensures the longer service life. • Engineered solution.
DIAMONDWRAP® HP™ requires an engineering assessment to compile information such as substrate material, • Chemically resistant.
wall loss, operating temperature and pressure ranges. Citadel Technologies’ DIAMONDWRAP® HP™Wizard© • Able to withstand high temperatures.
software analyzes this information to determine the number of wraps required for each pipeline repair. • High strength.
• Fast curing.
Because of its wet lay-up and low profile, DIAMONDWRAP® HP™ can be installed on tees, elbows, straight runs of
• Extensively tested in lab and the field.
pipe, confined spaces and irregular surfaces that require structural reinforcement. The adhesive properties of the epoxy
allow it to be applied to most substrates.

NOTE: DIAMONDWRAP® HP™ SYSTEM IS DESIGNED FOR INSTALLATION ON TRANSMISSON PIPELINES.
DIAMONDWRAP® HP™ SYSTEM IS NOT INTENDED FOR USE ON A PIPELINE LEAK REPAIR.
LEAK REPAIR SHOULD BE CONDUCTED USING THE DIAMONDWRAP® LINE OF PRODUCTS.

11 12

Composite Wrap


Cure Time Typically 4.5 Hours @ 80°F (27°C)
Maximum Recommended Operating Temperature 82°C (180°F)
Nominal Thickness 1.14 mm (0.045 in) for 2 Ply to 4.00 mm (0.158 in) for 7 Ply
Fabric PAN (Polyacrilnitrile)
Carbon Content by volume 21% to 40%
Glass Fiber Content by Weight 0%
Compressive Strength of Putty 33129 kpa (8805 psi) @ 60°C (140°F)
Elastic Modulus, Hoop Direction 4.92 x 107 kpa (7.13x106 psi)
Elastic Modulus, Axial Direction 2.39 x 107 kpa (3.46x106 psi)
Tensile Strength, Hoop Direction 5.77 x 105 kpa (83,646 psi)
Tensile Strength, Axial Direction 2.48 x 105 kpa (35,930 psi)
Design Stress, Hoop Direction 444,070 kpa (64,407psi)
Design Stress, Axial Direction 190,750 kpa (27,666psi)
Fatigue (Cycles to failure - defect dependent) >100,000cycles (0 -100% MAOP) with up to 80% wall loss

13 14

Carbon Fiber and Fiberglass Hybrid Composite Wrap

Description Properties RhinoWrap®
The RHINOWRAP® system includes a bi-directional weave of carbon fiber, fiberglass, and a 100% solids epoxy, Tensile Strength (psi) 23,882
forming a composite system that effectively repairs corroded or otherwise damaged pipe. The structural system Modulus (psi) 1,777,077
forms a pipe around a pipe, and each successive wrap increases the pressure rating. As a flexible wet lay up system, Strength per layer per inch (psi/ply/in) 475
RHINOWRAP® can be installed on tees, elbows, and straight runs of pipe. This flexible system is also easily applied Linear elastic behavior 1.64% strain
in confined spaces and on irregular surfaces that require structural reinforcement or leak containment. The adhesive Cure Time (@ 75° F) (hr) 6
properties of the epoxy allow it to be applied to most substrates. Each kit is designed to cover a specific square footage Tg, Glass Transition Temp (°F) 212
amount with 4 options of cloth width. Nominal thickness per ply (in) 0.0201
Features and Characteristics Carbon fiber content 30 - 50%
Glass fiber content 50 - 70%
• Superior alternative to clamps. Lap Shear strength (psi) >1,000
• All pipe sizes. Hardness (Shore D) 78 to 84
• Compatible with carbon steel, stainless steel, alloys, PVC, fiberglass and more.
• Low Cost, designed for pressures up to 150psi Recommended Kit Per Pipe Size:
• Online training at www.rhinowraponline.com
Each kit may be used on a wide variety of pipe diameters with easy installation. However, when wrapping around
• Off the shelf solution
elbows or tees, the following recommendations should be followed to insure proper application.
• High corrosion resistance..
• No VOC´s.
Pipe Diameter Range Recommended Kit
• 100% solids epoxy systems for chemical resistance.
< 8” RW-2-5
• No hot works. / No welding.
6”– 14” RW-4-10
10”– 16” RW-6-15
• Chemically resistant.
> 14” RW-12-20
• Fast curing.

Example Applications:
• Using the RW-12-20 kit, you could wrap approximately 3 linear feet on a 24”pipe with 4 layers of material.
• Using the RW-6-15 kit, you could wrap approximately 3.5 linear feet on a 16”pipe with 4 layers of material.
Alternatively, if you only needed 2 layers of material for corrosion prevention or external repair with no through-wall defect,
you could double these length/area coverages.

15 16

Designed Solutions
Ultra-Build Epoxy Lining Systems

Description Product Lines
Through more than 16 years of testing and applying epoxies in various applications, Citadel Technologies engineering SLS-30™ Structural Liner.
team has developed a broad range of epoxy systems that can be tailored to your specific needs.
SLS-35™ Super Fast Patching Compound.
All of your epoxies are easy to apply, are great for long-term durability, and contain no VOC´s. SLS-60™ Strong Acid Liner.
SLS-70™ High Temp Liner.
Our most popular products are the SLS-30™, SLS-300™, and SLS-350™ products:
SLS-300™ Solid Epoxy Coating.
SLS-30™ is a two component, 100% solids epoxy system. It provides both a structural, cured-in-place lining and
SLS-350™ Solid Epoxy Coating.
a chemical protective barrier in one quick application. It is commonly used in waste collection systems, sewers, lift
stations, tanks, vaults and cooling lines.

SLS-300™ is a one step, low cost flexible sealant with excellent bonding properties that can be applied to dam or wet
substrates. It is commonly used for manhole rehabilitation, catch based grade rings and joints, but it is also used in a
variety of situations where shifts and movements may occur.

SLS-350™ is a two component, 100% solids epoxy system. It provides both a structural, cured-in-place lining and
a chemical protective barrier in one quick application. It is commonly used in waste collection systems, sewers, lift
stations, tanks, vaults and cooling lines. Slower setting and longer pot life than SLS-30™, can be used where spray
application is not viable.

SLS-Series™ are approved by L.A. County, and City of Los Angeles.

17 18

Designed Solutions

Schedule of Test Methods
Recommended Service
Test Performed Method/Standard Use
For industrial and aqueous service where strength and corrosion resistance are most critical. Tensile Strength / Elongation ASTM D638
Flexural Strength ASTM D970
Recommended Usage Hardness, Shore D ASTM D2260
• Waste Collection Systems • Cooling Water Lines • Sewers • Slurry Tanks Solids by Volume (%) ASTM D2369
• Lift Stations • Vaults • Waste Treatment Facilities Weight per Gallon ASTM D1475
Flash Point TOC ASTM D1310
What is SLS-30™? Dry Time ASTM D1650
Chemical Resistance (30 Days) ASTM D543
SLS-30™ is a two component, 100% solids epoxy system. It has been designed to provide the greatest structural
Chemical Resistance Flexural Strength (180 Days) ASTM D790
strength and chemical resistance of any product in its class.
Compressive Strength ASTM D695
Freeze-Thaw UL 76-63
Why Use SLS-30? Adhesion ASTM D3983
SLS-30™ provides both a structural, cured in place lining and a chemical protective barrier in one quick application. It COMPOSITE TEST DATA ON SLS-30™ ULTRABUILD EPOXY LINING
can be applied to both old and new brick, concrete or steel at a thickness of 40 mls. to over 275 mils. Using Citadel
Physical Data
Technologies’ multi-component application system, a two-man crew can line 500 s.f. to 1000 s.f. per hour at 100
Pot Life (100 g mass @ 25°C) 11 min 5 sec
mils., greatly reducing standard application costs. Set Time @ 100 mils, 25°C 2 hrs 47 min
Hardness, Shore 84
Application Compressive Strength (psi) 13,292
SLS-30™ can be applied at all ambient temperatures ranges; however, care must be taken not to apply over frost or Tensile Strength (psi) 8,695
Tensile Modulus (ksi) 470
active leaks. It must also be noted that when applied to very cold surfaces, set and cure times will be greatly increased. As
Flexural Strength (psi) 14,893
with any cured in-place system that requires a good bond, the substrate must be free from all dirt, oil, grease, and rust.
Flexural Modulus (ksi) 500

Engineering Data Chemical Resistance Percent Weight Gain (112 Days)
Sulfuric Acid, 20% 1.402%
Mix Ratio(Resin/Hardener) 2.5:1* Compressive Str. Ult., psi 22,000
Sodium Hydroxid, 5% 0.91%
Combined Wt. Per Gallon 9.6 lbs/gal Tensile Strength, psi 8,600
Ammonium Hydroxid, 5% 0.995%
Pot Life (100 g mass @ 25 C) 12 min Tensile Elongation, %(resin) >3.5
Nitric Acid, 1% 1.301%
Set Time @ 100 mils, 25 C 3.0 hours Tensile Modulus (ksi) 470
Ferric Chloride, 1% 1.227%
Hardness, Shore D 85 min 75 Flexural Strength (psi) 14,200
Sodium Hypochlorite, 1% 1.100%
Compressive Strength, psi 13,500 Flexural Modulus (ksi) 500
Distilled Water 1.015%
* available in 2:1 and 3:1 ratios
Toluene 1.205%

19 20

Test Information

Rupture Testing Cathodic Disbondment
The University of Tulsa and Citadel Technologies conducted independent rupture tests per ASME PCC-2 Section 4.1, The University of Tulsa performed cathodic disbondment testing. Cathodic disbondment tests were conducted on
Appendix III. The results are shown for repairs with a maximum of 6 layers of carbon on the repair, when the pipe was A-106, Grade B steel pipes on which carbon- fiber-reinforced polymeric wraps were installed. The composite wraps
repaired with no internal pressure applied. Both defects were 6 inches long, and the patch defect was 6”x6”in area. are part of system used to repair externally damaged or corroded steel pipes. To stimulate a corrosive environment,
pipes coated with the composite wraps were submerged in an electrolyte consisting of potable water, sodium chloride,
Failure Pressure
sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate. Holidays or breaks in the composite wrap were produced, exposing electrolyte.
No Repair Repaired
Test results indicate the carbon-fiber-reinforced polymeric repair system exhibits no disbondment.
Defect Type Wall Loss ksi (Mpa) ksi (Mpa)
No Flaw N/A 6.65 45.85 N/A N/A Galvanic Corrosion
Axi- 50% 4.35 29.99 6.35 43.78 Galvanic Corrosion tests were performed by the University of Tulsa using composite panels joined in conjunction with
Symmetrical 80% 1.88 12.96 5.12 35.3 dissimilar metals. The test results showed no corrosion attributed to Galvanic Corrosion.
Square, 50% 4.4 30.34 6.25 43.09
Patch-shaped 80% 1.88 12.96 5.25 36.2 Creep Testing
Room temperature, coupon testing was performed at the University of Tulsa. Specimen were tested using an in-situ
Fatigue Testing creepture fixture. The test was done at 77% (UTS) , and the results were recorded for a 1350-hour test period. The
creep testing supports the fact that carbon-fiber composites are resistant to creep and creep rupture under ambient
Fatigue tests were performed by the University of Tulsa, on pressure vessels to determine the effectiveness of repairs,
conditions. The level of creep in the tests was small enough to extrapolate that the material would not fail at 77% (UTS)
made using a carbon/epoxy composite material system. The carbon /epoxy systems is intended to repair externally
load during its lifetime.
damaged or corroded steel pipe. Six-inch nominal diameters by five feet long pressure vessels were constructed
from A-106. Grade B steel for test purposes. Defects were machined into the outer surface of each pressure vessel to
determine limitations of the carbon /epoxy repair system. Unrepaired pipes were cycled to determine a base number of
maximum operating cycles. Remaining vessel were wrapped and then cyclically pressurized until a leak in the system
was detected. The repaired vessels were compared to un-repaired vessels with equal size defects to determine the
effectiveness of the repair. Results indicate there was a substantial increase in the performance of the pipe.

Repair None Repaired
Defect 1.125”x 5.19” 1.25”x 2.75” 1.125”x 5.19” 1.125”x 5.19”
Wall Loss 80% 80% 70% 80%
Cycles 3 Infinite Infinite Infinite

21 22

Test Information

Chemical Resistance Dents
Tests involving dents and gouges were performed both by the University of Tulsa and by Stress Engineering. The results
Chemical Resistance for Standard Epoxies of this test program, along with supporting data from other studies on these repair systems, confirm the validity of
30 Days Exposed
this repair system for repair of dents and pipes with gouges. The reinforcement provided by the carbon fiber/epoxy
Water No effect composite repair system provides a significant increase to the fatigue life of un-repaired mechanically damaged pipes.
Sulfuric Acid,20% No effect
Sodium Hydroxide,50% No effect Composite Repairs Made Under Load
Ammonium Hydroxide,5% No effect Testing was conducted on Citadel Technologies’carbon composite products by wrapping defective pipe while under
Nitric Acid,1% No effect internal pressure loading. Test pipes with flaws varying form 20% to 75% wall loss were wrapped while the pipe was
Sodium Hypochlorite(Bleach) No effect operating at MAOP. The pipes were then cycled between 50 psi and MAOP. After inspection indicated that there was no
Ferric Chloride,1% No effect de-lamination, the pipes were pressured to rupture. No differences were noted to those pipes that were wrapped at zero
Detergent Solution No effect pressure. This testing shows that defects may be repaired without reducing the pipeline pressure prior to wrapping.
Gasoline No effect
Tolune No effect

Citadel Technologies’ standard epoxy is designed for operating temperatures up to 180°F. This system is blended If you would like more detailed information regarding these, or other, test programs, please contact
to withstand a wide range of chemicals including: caustic, 20% sulfuric acid, 20% hydrochloric acid, water, brine, Citadel Technologies and request a copy of the Citadel Technologies Product Guide.
detergents, toluene, gasoline, and other weak acids and solvents. It is not intended for concentrated Strong Acids,
Organic Acids, Strong Solvents (MEK, Acetone, Alcohol). For these stronger chemical concentration, please consult
Citadel Technologies and consider the use of Citadel Technologies’ Acid epoxy system.

23 24

APPENDIX
Citadel Technologies Carbon Fiber
Composite Wrap Product Guide

Citadel Products

DiamondWrap® BlackDiamond® DiamondWrap®HP™

Transmission Line Under certain conditions Preferred Preferred
Facilities “In Plant” Lines Preferred Under certain conditions Under certain conditions
External Corrosion Yes Yes Yes
Internal Corrosion Per Design Per Design No
(Length of repair life determined by rate of internal corrosion) (Length of repair life determined by rate of internal corrosion)
Thru Wall Defect Up to 1”hole (larger w/ plug) No No
Dents Yes Yes Yes
Wrinkle Bends Yes Yes Yes
Weld Yes Yes Yes
Bending Yes Yes Yes
Axial Loads Yes Yes Yes
Pipe Material Bonds well to most metals and plastics with the exception of polypropylene and polyethylene = Bonds well to most metals and plastics with the exception of polypropylene and polyethylene

Pipe Size No limit No limit No limit
Straight Pipe No limits in continuous length No limits in continuous length No limits in continuous length
Elbow Yes Yes Yes
Tee Yes Yes Yes
Valve Heads Yes Yes Yes
Other configurations Yes Yes Yes
Temperature Up to 315° C (600º F) (resin dependent) 82°C (180° F) 80°C (180°F)
Pressure No limit No limit No limi
Chemical Compatibility Excellent Excellent Excellent
For strong acids and solvents consult Citadel Technologies For strong acids and solvents consult Citadel Technologies
Standard ASME PCC-2, 4.1 ASME PCC-2, 4.1 ASME PCC-2, 4.1

25 26

APPENDIX FORMS

Product Care Engineering Assessment

Storage and Shelf Life
Citadel Technologies´ epoxies products have a minimum shelf life of two (2) years when stored in a dry place at
room temperature and sealed in the original unopened container. CN#_________

Optimum Handling Characteristics ENGINEERING ASSESSMENT
Can be achieved by heating the epoxy systems to temperature range of 20°C –30°C (68°F - 86°F). Citadel
Technologies´ epoxy products come pre-measured for application. Products consist of “Wetouts” and “Hardeners.” Low pressure High Pressure
Some are self-activating when mixed or in the case of high temperature products activated by elevated temperatures.
All materials for pipe sizes identified are pre-cut and pre-measured at our manufacturing facility to meet strict Please FAX information (918.584.2221) requested regarding the Diamond Wrap
application under consideration. Digital photos are extremely helpful and may be
engineering design requirements for installation. emailed to: engineering@cittech.com
Assessment submitted by: ___________________ Date___________
The epoxy systems are 100% solids. Each system is manufactured for specific applications for installation on systems SITUATION DOCUMENTATION
where hydrocarbons and high operating temperatures are a critical factor.
Owner/Operator____________________________________
Plant Contact_________________________________________
Job Site Address______________________________________
City_______________ State__ Zip_______________________
Phone #____________________ FAX_____________________
Email _______________________________________________
Owner/Operator Verification of submittal

____________________________________ Date_______
Signature

Contractor _________________________________________
Contractor Field Contact (Name) __________________________
Field Office Address____________________________________
City_______________ State__ Zip_______________________
Phone #____________________ FAX_____________________
Email_______________________________________________
th
6430 S. 39 W. Ave. Tulsa, Oklahoma 74132 Phone: 918.584.2220 Fax: 918.584.2221 1
Frm-DW-EA-5-01-05

27 28

FORMS

Engineering Assessment

CN#_________ CN#_________
9. Max. un-supported span length _________ Lining Type ___________
Plant Information 10. Pipe Coating Type_________
11. Details of defect area – attach drawings-photos-inspection reports for
each repair area identified – (Attach)
Chemical Gas Processing Refinery Power Pulp& Paper Food
1. Size- length, width, depth of defect
Drug Cement Municipal
2. Type of defect – M(mechanical) C(corrosion) E(erosion)
DOT Pipe line
3. Location of defect
Other______ TYPE OF SERVICE LINE_______________________________
** MAOP is the maximum allowable working pressure as defined in ASME
B31G or API 579 or other calculation method.
DRAWING ATTACHMENT A
Situation Analysis
Description of existing condition: Not leaking Seam leak Crack
Pinhole leak Internal Corrosion External Corrosion___ Defect Location Distance Size – Depth of Type of
from length,width defect repair
Drawing Photo Ambient temp of line at time of wrap____F°
weld M,C,or E
1
1. Material: Type ____ Schedule_____ Grade____ Diameter_____ Lin ft____
2
2. Component: Pipe Tee Nozzle Elbow Tank___ Other ______
3
3. Temperature: Low ____ F° Max ____ F° Constant____ F° Cycling____ F°
4
4. Line pressure: Low _____ Psi Operating _____ Psi High** ___ Psi
5
5. Pipe Loading Operating Design Test Comment
Identify on drawing
Pressure
Axial
Bending Moment
6. Safety factor or desired operating pressure of wrap design
Safety Factor____to 1**
Desired operating pressure ________
7. Line Chemistry: Type of chemical_____________ Concentration ______%
8. Current-wall thickness and read date______ Previous _______________

th th
6430 S. 39 W. Ave. Tulsa, Oklahoma 74132 Phone: 918.584.2220 Fax: 918.584.2221 2 6430 S. 39 W. Ave. Tulsa, Oklahoma 74132 Phone: 918.584.2220 Fax: 918.584.2221 3
Frm-DW-EA-5-01-05 Frm-DW-EA-5-01-05

Ct Info Booklet October 2009 Spreads Wip

Ct Info Booklet October 2009 Spreads Wip

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