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![The cerebrospinal Fluid [CSF] is a clear,
colorless transparent, tissue fluid present in
the cerebral ventricles, spinal canal, and
subarachnoid spaces.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/csf-140515111338-phpapp01/85/Csf-2-320.jpg)
![Rate of formation:
About 20-25 ml/hour
550 ml/day in adults. Turns over 3.7 times a day
Total quantity: 150 ml:
30-40 ml within the ventricles
About 110-120 ml in the subarachnoid space [of which
75-80 ml in spinal part and 25-30 ml in the cranial part].](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/csf-140515111338-phpapp01/85/Csf-8-320.jpg)
![Lateral ventricle
Foramen of Monro [Interventricular foramen]
Third ventricle:
Subarachnoid space of Brain and Spinal cord
Fourth ventricle:
Cerebral aqueduct
Foramen of megendie and formen of luschka](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/csf-140515111338-phpapp01/85/Csf-9-320.jpg)
Uploaded byAnimesh Mandal
Csf
The cerebrospinal fluid is a clear liquid found in the brain ventricles and surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It is produced by the choroid plexus in the ventricles and circulates through the ventricular system before reabsorbing into the bloodstream. The arachnoid villi along the dural venous sinuses act as one-way valves to allow CSF to be absorbed and prevent backflow of blood into the CSF spaces. CSF has a specific composition and serves important protective and homeostatic functions in the central nervous system.
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Csf
- 2. The cerebrospinal Fluid[CSF] is a clear, colorless transparent, tissue fluid present in the cerebral ventricles, spinal canal, and subarachnoid spaces.
- 4. CSF is largelyformed by the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle and remainder in the third and fourth ventricles. About 30% of the CSF is also formed from the ependymal cells lining the ventricles and other brain capillaries. The choroid plexus of the ventricles actively secrete cerebrospinal fluid. The choroid plexuses are highly vascular tufts covered by ependyma.
- 5. This plexus projectsmainly into 1) the temporal horn of each lateral ventricle, 2) the posterior portion of the third ventricle, 3) the roof of the fourth ventricle.
- 7. The entire cerebralcavity enclosing the brain and spinal cord has a capacity of about 1600 to 1700 milliliters About 150 milliliters of this capacity is occupied by cerebrospinal fluid and the remainder by the brain and cord.
- 8. Rate of formation: About20-25 ml/hour 550 ml/day in adults. Turns over 3.7 times a day Total quantity: 150 ml: 30-40 ml within the ventricles About 110-120 ml in the subarachnoid space [of which 75-80 ml in spinal part and 25-30 ml in the cranial part].
- 9. Lateral ventricle Foramen ofMonro [Interventricular foramen] Third ventricle: Subarachnoid space of Brain and Spinal cord Fourth ventricle: Cerebral aqueduct Foramen of megendie and formen of luschka
- 11. The arachnoidal villiare fingerlike inward projections of the arachnoidal membrane through the walls into venous sinuses. villi form arachnoidal granulations can protruding into the sinuses. The endothelial cells covering the villi have vesicular passages directly through the bodies of the cells large enough to allow relatively free flow of (1) cerebrospinal fluid, (2) dissolved protein molecules, and (3) even particles as large as red and white blood cells into the venous blood.
- 12. ROUTE AND ABSORPTIONOF CSF Arachnoid villi are microscopic one-way valves (modified pia and arachnoid) that penetrate the meningeal dural layer that line the sinuses; hence, arachnoid villi reside within the sinuses (especially the superior sagittal sinus). Clumps of arachnoid villi = arachnoid granulations = macroscopic.
- 13. Proteins = 20-40mg/100 ml Glucose = 50-65 mg/100 ml Cholesterol = 0.2 mg/100 ml Na+ = 147 meq/Kg H2O Ca+ = 2.3 meq/kg H2O Urea = 12.0 mg/100 ml Creatinine = 1.5 mg/100 ml Lactic acid = 18.0 mg/100 ml
- 14. Nature: Colour = Clear,transparent fluid Specific gravity = 1.004-1.007 Reaction = Alkaline and does not coagulate Cells = 0-3/ cmm Pressure = 60-150 mm of H2O The pressure of CSF is increased in standing, coughing, sneezing, crying, compression of internal Jugular vein (Queckenstedt’s sign
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- 16. Ventral cisterns Median unpaired cisterns Medullary cistern Pontine cistern Interpeduncular cistern Chiasmatic cistern Paramedian pairedcisterns C.P angle cisterns Crural cisterns Carotid cisterns Sylvian cisterns
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