In June 1948, Bell Labs filed patents for both the point contact transistor (by Bardeen, Brattain, and Gibney) and the junction transistor (by Shockley). Just days later, the Navy announced a joint press conference about the invention. Perceptions of the press conference were mixed. Rifts began forming within Bell Labs groups working on transistors. Bardeen left in 1951 for the University of Illinois, while Brattain was reassigned. Bell Labs focused on licensing the transistor technology to other companies, while keeping manufacturing processes secret. The first consumer electronics using transistors, like the Regency TR1 radio, emerged in 1954. In 1956, Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley received the Nobel Prize for invent

1. Crystal Fire Part III

2. Race to Patent Point Contact Transistor filed (Bardeen, Brattain, Gibney) June 17, 1948 Junction Transistor Patent Filed (Shockley) June 26 th , 1948 Just days before press conference, Navy claims joint announcement Public announcement June 30 th . Perception by the press is a mixed bag.

3. Rifts forming http://www.smh.com.au/ffximage/2007/11/27/transistor22_narrowweb__300x355,0.jpg Murray Hill move left Bardeen & Brattain on different floor from the rest of the solid state group Shockley isolates group focused on filamentary transistors based upon his JFET http://smithsonianchips.si.edu/augarten/images/augarten-introduction-3b.jpg Bardeen leaves group in 1951 for U of Illinois Brattain reassigned elsewhere at Bell Labs

6. Nobel Recognition Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley were reunited briefly in 1956 when they received the Nobel Prize for Physics for their pivotal role in the discovery of the transistor. 442631a-i1.0.jpg

7. Shockley Semiconductor Fairchild Semiconductor Formed from “Traitorous Eight” Bardeen, Brattain, Shockley awarded Nobel Prize in Physics 1955 1956 1957 1968 http://imgs.sfgate.com/c/pictures/2007/09/30/mn_svhistory30_transistor.jpg http://www.computerhistory.org/semiconductor/assets/images/400x400/1959_1_4.jpg

11. Shockley Semiconductor Fairchild Semiconductor Formed from “Traitorous Eight” Noyce & Moore leave Fairchild and form Intel Jack Kilby makes first integrated circuit at Texas Instruments Bardeen, Brattain, Shockley awarded Nobel Prize in Physics 1955 1956 1957 1968 http://imgs.sfgate.com/c/pictures/2007/09/30/mn_svhistory30_transistor.jpg http://www.mainbyte.com/ti99/history/first_ic.jpg http://www.computerhistory.org/semiconductor/assets/images/400x400/1959_1_4.jpg