Examples Of Critical Discourse Analysis
Critical Thinking Case Study Examples
Essay on Critical Thinking
Developing Critical Thinking Essay
Critical Thinking Reflection Essay
The Critical Race Theory Essay example
Critical Literacy Essay
Essay on Reflection on a Critical Incident
Critical Thinking Rubric Essay
Creative and Critical Thinking Essay
Critical Thinking Application Essay Examples
Critical Thinking And Critical Writing Essay
Critical Skills And My Writing Assignments
example of a critical review
Critical Writing Review Of Hamlet
Example Of A Critical Review Essay
Example Of Critical Appraisal
Reflective Essay On Critical Thinking
1. Examples Of Critical Discourse Analysis
CHAPTER 2
THEORITICAL FOUNDATION
2.1Critical Discourse Analysis
To understand the concept of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), it is necessary to see how CDA
defines discourse. Discourse is not simply an isolated textual or dialogical structure (van Dijk,
1988). It is seen as socially constructed ways that do not only shape but also enable (social) reality
(Foucault, 1977; Paltridge, 2006). It involves "a dialectical relationship between a particular
discursive event and the situation(s), institution(s), and social structure(s) which frame it"
(Fairclough & Wodak, 1997, p. 258). It also helps to establish power relations between social
classes, gender, or majorities and minorities groups (Wodak & Meyer, 2009). Therefore, CDA acts
as an approach that critically investigates the relationship between discourse and the reproduction of
power in social practices and interactions (Fairclough, 1995 as cited...show more content...
Therefore, one of the distinguishing features of DHA is its interdisciplinary method that considers a
variety of different empirical data and background information (Reisigl & Wodak, 2001).
The historical dimension is realized by collecting all information regarding the historical
background and the original sources of the object under investigation and exploring diachronic
change (Matouschek et al. 1995; Wodak et al., 1990, 1994 as cited in van Leeuwen & Wodak,
1999). Specifically, the process of analysis in DHA starts by describing the phenomena occurred in
texts. Then, describing the apparent changes. Finally, discussing the result to find how and why
change occurs since the purpose of DHA is to uncover the ideology in diachronic texts
(SlavГckovГЎ,
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2. Critical Thinking Case Study Examples
What is the mindset of this client now?
Susan starts out very happy and glad that she met Ted, but this all changes after they get married
due to she wants to be the perfect wife (Woodside & McClam, 2015). After marriage their
relationship starts to change causing Susan to worry that she is not being the perfect wife since Ted's
behavior has become aggressive and the drinking has increased (Woodside & McClam, 2015).
After Justin is born Susan is still scared due to Ted's behavior and has now become worried about
how they will pay for Justin's medical bills since he needs constant medical care (Woodside &
McClam, 2015). Compounding the issue further, Ted walks out leaving Susan alone with a special
needs child and now way to pay the bills...show more content...
After finding out that Susan had been in an abusive relationship I would also look at getting her set
up with some counseling and group therapy so that she can start to work on her feelings and build
up her self–esteem. Blending the three models would cover all of Susan's needs due to she does
need to see a medical professional that can treat any injuries that may not have healed along with
determine if she is suffering from any mental illnesses like depression. She also needs to have the
proper care for her two children since they both have special needs. Working with a public health
professional will allow her to be given community resources along with the ability to speak to other
individuals that may be in a similar situation (Woodside & McClam). All three models are needed
to help Susan get started on the correct path to make a better life for herself and her
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3. Essay on Critical Thinking
The concepts of critical thinking and creative thinking are both gaining increasing importance in
the world today. Critical thinking allows people to understand difficult concepts in a manner that is
clearer and more defined. They can more readily understand those concepts if they employ critical
thinking. In all portions of everyday life, a person is expected to make independent judgments.
Those judgments are based on experience and knowledge. Without the ability to think critically,
every situation that a person comes across would have to be considered in isolation from all other
situations. When a person encounters a problem that is a new one, he or she may be able to use
critical thinking to solve those problems. One...show more content...
Critical thinking also helps in decision–making. Both problem solving and decision–making abilities
are vital to a prosperous business. Persons who are critical thinkers can make a difference in the
companies in which they are employed. Today?s corporations must first recognize that there is a real
need for critical thinkers. It is important for both the top management down the line. Critical thinking
must be taught and built in to the way the company or organization performs its business. In fact,
companies and organizations must embrace the concept of critical thinking. Critical thinking can
lead to success story after success story. This type of impact gives any company or organization
credibility. According to Supon, one of the fundamental purposes of teaching critical thinking is to
enhance the abilities of students to become critical thinkers. Corporate leaders, educational
researchers, employers, and parents have continually pushed teachers to assist their students in the
development of critical thinking ability. Critical thinking is a skill that ?involved not only
knowledge of content by also concept formation and analysis, reasoning and drawing conclusions,
recognizing and avoiding contradiction, and other essential cognitive activities? (Supon, 1998).
There are proposed reasons for the emphasis that is currently on critical thinking. Many factors can
be related to this emphasis. They include the societal factors of economic shifts
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4. Developing Critical Thinking Essay
A person is not born as a good critical thinker. The first thing that is needed is a level of maturity
having the ability to conceptualize and understand the world (Boss, 2010). The skills that are
associated with a person that has good critical thinking are: Analytical Skills: recognize and evaluate
arguments to filter through to the truth. Effective Communication: ability to listen, speak, and write
effectively. Research Skills: ability to gather, evaluate, and create supporting evidence. (Boss, 2010)
In teaching critical thinking, Dr. Chan and Dr. Lau (n.d.) explain good critical thinking, "as the
foundation of science and a liberal democratic society. Science requires the critical use of reason in
experimentation and theory...show more content...
A person will be prejudiced to certain opinions without exploring all sides of an issue. People create
barriers that stop the gathering of information and analyzing that are key to being a critical thinker. A
few of the resistances that foster narrow–mindedness are denial, the refusal to believe something
despite overwhelming evidence, avoidance, not seeking out opposing views but staying with only
those that agree with your position on an issue, and ignorance, not seeking out information that is
available(Boss, 2010). The two resistances that I have used are avoidance and conformity. These
two go hand in hand with me that I will often seek out those that agree with my thoughts and
avoid those that do not see things the way I do. At times, I will be with those that I do not agree
with and those times instead of having a conversation, I will go with conformity to fit in at those
times. Adjusting my thinking to overcome these will first require me to seek out and listen to both
sides of the issues. Having the knowledge that is not based on biased opinions will help make a
foundation that will increase my confidence in what I think and allow me to speak intelligently on
the issue. The concept of a person that can understand and control their emotions is said to be
emotional intelligent. From Boss (2010) emotional intelligence is "the ability to perceive accurately,
appraise and express emotion." Influences to our
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5. Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving
Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving
Critical thinking and creative problem solving working together can enhance a person's creative
skills. However, if there is not a correct balance between the two, a person may not find the correct
resolution. To find the right balance between critical thinking and creative problem solving, one
must understand the similarities and differences between the two. This paper will attempt to show
those ideas.
Critical Thinking
According to Shah (2010) and the American Heritage Dictionary, critical thinking is defined as "The
mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and
evaluating information to...show more content...
Similarities and Differences
Prior to completing this paper, I thought that critical thinking and creative problem solving were
very different. However, I find that they are very much alike. Critical thinking and creative problem
solving follow very similar steps to reach a solution.
Conceptualizing and preparing are the beginning phases at which time one realizes there is a
problem. Stage two is the applying and analyzing or incubation stage. After success has been reached
at this stage, the process proceeds to the synthesizing or illumination stage. This could also be
considered the Aha stage where an idea comes to light. The last stage is the evaluation or verification
to determine the success of the solution.
One difference that should be discussed is that the creative process appears to be more open and
looks for more than one resolution to a problem. An example of this is the story at the end of
chapter nine. The question presented was "Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall
building with the aid of barometer" (Dacey & Lennon, 1998, p. 185). The professor expected
an answer using physics logic, but the student was creative and thought outside the box. By doing
this, there were many answers to the question. The critical thinking process is rigid and expects to
find only one resolution.
My Experiences
One experience that comes to mind involving creative problem solving came in my tenure as
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6. Critical Thinking Reflection Essay
Critical thinking is a significant and essential topic in recent education. The strategy of critical
thinking skills helps identify areas in one's courses as the suitable place to highlight, expand and use
some problems in exams that test students' critical thinking skills.
Critical thinking means accurate thinking in the search of appropriate and dependable knowledge
about the world. Another way to describe it is sensible, insightful, responsible, and skillful thinking
that is focused on deciding what to believe or do. Critical thinking is not being able to process
information well enough to know to stop for red lights or whether you established the right change at
the supermarket.
My academic decisions can sometimes...show more content...
My job now isn't bad, but it takes forever to get there, because I do have a car. I need a job that
closer to home and that would give me more hours. I could gather all the information, weigh the pros
and cons and come to a sound decision. Putting my personal feelings aside and avoid errors in
judgment. Sometimes I need to think without my emotions. It would help me not to use snap
judgments, negative labeling and stereotypes in my thought process. I should also try learning to use
a more creative problem solving, because it helps to approach problem from a different direction
and explores news options. It may also help solve easier problems first and help tackle harder
problems. Should I be a 5th year undergraduate or graduate this year?
I decided last year to change my second major and I was presented with the decision to graduate
on time and not have a second major or stay for an extra year and pursuer my second major. I
briefly talked to my advisor before when I was changing my second major and she told me to look
at everything. She always said that I wasn't too late to change my mind, but the decision was
completely up to me.
Decision: Being a 5th year undergraduate.
ProsCons
I would finish undergrad with two majorsI would have to figure out how to pay for it
I'll be able to stay in the circusI would be in school for 4 more years instead of 3 years
I would get to participate in Dance
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7. The Critical Race Theory Essay example
Introduction
We live in a society where race is seen as a vital part of our personalities, the lack of racial identity
is very often an important factor which prevent people from not having their own identity (Omi &
Winant, 1993). Racism is extemely ingrained in our society and it seems ordinary (Delgado &
Stefanic, 2000), however, many people denounce the expression of any racist belief as immoral
(Miles & Brown, 2003) highlighting the complicated nature of racism. Critical Race Theory tries to
shed light on the issue of racism claiming that racism is ingrained in our society both in legal,
cultural, and psychological aspects of social life (Tate, 1997). This essay provides us the opportunity
to explore this theory and its...show more content...
Critical Race Theory (CRT) claims that racism is quite usual in social life and white superiority is
extremely ingrained in educational, legal, and political structures which is often unrecognizable
(Taylor, 2009). According to Delgado and Stefanic (2000):
''CRT begins with an a number of basic insticts. One is that racism is normal, not abberrant, in
American society. Because racism is an ingrained feature of our landscape, it looks ordinary and
natural to persons in the culture. Formal equal opportunity – rules and laws that insist on treating
blacks and whites (for example) alike – can thus remedy only the more extreme and shocking forms
of injustice, the ones that do stand out. It can do little about the business–as–usual forms of racism
that people of color confront every day and that account for much misery, alienation, and despair''
(Delgado & Stefanic, 2000: xvi).
Although, this theory began as a part of law sciences, nowadays, there is a great interest of CRT in
the field of education, helping people to understand some forms of discrimination which face the
non–white people in education (Delgado & Stefanic, 2001). Moreover, embraces a lot of academic
fields such as history, political science, anthropology etc (Delgado & Stefanic, 2001). CRT main
purpose is not only to understand the social structures that promote inequalities but to eliminate
them, it is clear that CRT targets on
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8. Critical Literacy Essay
Premise for Critical Literacy
Critical Literacy has many different forms, and can be very different depending on which
classroom it is taking place in. The basic premise that I acquired from researching critical literacy
is that it requires the literate consumers of the text to adopt a critical questioning approach (Critical
Literacy, 2015). Critical Literacy is forming an individual opinion on a topic that isn't only
superficial, but also in depth and meaningful. Being critically literate isn't about attaining literacy
for the purpose of reading letters on a page, it is to read the words on the page and become engaged
in a discussion formulating opinions and expressing ideas openly. Becoming critically literate means
that an individual...show more content...
A couple of them are Paulo Freire, Allen Luke,Henry Giroux, and Joe Kincheloe. Many of them
share the same beliefs about this topic, but with a different viewpoint. Paulo Freire was a
twentieth–century Brazilian educator. He was born September 19, 1921 and died May 2, 1997.
Freire was a leading advocate for critical pedagogy, and contributed to the philosophy of education
from a more classical approach such as Plato and modern Marxist. Freire believed in a 'banking
method' which is compared to students. He viewed students as empty bank accounts waiting to be
filled by the teacher. According to Freire, by filling students with this new knowledge it transforms
them into receiving objects (Paulo Freire, Wiki). Paulo Freire believed that Critical thinking was not
a one–way development, not "something done for students or to them" for their own good (Freire,
1989, 34). Freire's pedagogy focused on writing, reading, and things based around the student's life,
and not repetitive lecturing. One of Freire's most stressed phrases, I believe, is "reading the world."
Something that Paulo says is that when reading words, you are actually reading different
perspectives of the
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9. Essay on Reflection on a Critical Incident
The reason for this essay is to reflect on a critical incident experience during my six week
placement as a student nurse on an orthopedic ward. To explore an event as a critical incident is a
value judgment, and the basis of that judgment is the significance attached to the meaning of the
incident. Critical incidents are created or produced by the way we look at a situation. Tripp (1993)
The incident chosen has made an impact on me due to the fact the side effects of surgery can be
very critical to a patient's life, as would be demonstrated in the critical incident chosen (D.V.T).Deep
vein thrombosis.
There are various reflective models written by various theorists and they include: Atkins and Murphy
(1994), Stephenson (1993),...show more content...
"One may also reflect on practice while one is on the midst of it. This process involves both
reflections in action and reflection in practice (Johns 2000). Schon states that reflection in action
consists of on the spot surfacing, criticizing, restructuring and testing of intuitive understanding of
experience phenomenon (Schon 1983) P.241.
"Reflective learning involves assessment and re–assessment of assumptions and critical reflective
occurs whenever underlying premises are being questioned".(Williams 2001) P.29.
In choosing Gibbs reflective model it would be illustrated in the six headings which guide me
through my reflective process. These headings include:
(1.) Description – what happened?
(2.) Feelings – what were you feeling?
(3.) Evaluation – what was good or bad about the experience?
(4.) Analysis – what sense can be made of the situation?
(5.) Conclusion – what else could you have done?
(6.) Action plan – if the situation arises again what would you do?
Description:
This critical incident took place during my first six–week placement on the ward (Eleanor east). My
rationale for this critical incident is because of the impact it had on me. I did not know that the side
effects of hip replacement surgery could result in DVT (deep vein thrombosis), which could be very
critical physically and mentally.
10. To protect patient confidentiality the
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11. Critical Thinking Rubric Essay
An employee John Schmidt has suffered a serious work related injury. There is a lot of concerns
on who is to blame for the accident. This report using the TGS Critical Thinking Rubric will serve
as framework for thinking to get to the bottom of the issue at hand. The TGS framework will help
us to be able to make a more effective, and ethical decision because the steps will enable us to
consider all possibilities that led to the incident, and avoid any quick judgments. The framework also
requires us to conduct checks and balances by checking all information against the relevant criteria
and benchmark.
The issue with in this case is whether the machine safeguard was fully efficient, or poorly designed
causing it not to function well. If the safeguard...show more content...
Harry is proving to have taken a very passive position in ensuring the safety of the employees
which was a responsibility that David had entrusted him with. With passive leaders, negativity
toward or lack of interest in safety suggests to employees that occupational safety is not important
and is undeserving of their attention (Nielsen, Morten Birkeland 2016). The foreman passive form
of leadership increased the occupational safety risk by ignoring to report the safety guard issue, and
failure to address to his coworkers the importance of ensuring to perform their duties diligently. His
action directly compromised the safety off the employees through his behavior lead to a negative
safety perception within the employees. The health and safety report also raise questions whether
management played an active role in ensuring that the shop complied to the standard safety act. A
company should do internal audits that comply with the specific standard guidelines in an industry
to avoid any injuries, lawsuits of fines from government agents responsible for ensuring the industry
is in compliance with some established standard other than what they refer to as satisfactory
according to the maintenance
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12. Creative and Critical Thinking Essay
Knowledge is generated through critical and creative thinking. Creative thinking is something new
or original that is created with value. Critical thinking is a type of thinking that questions
assumptions and validates or invalidates a current belief or something that is said to be previously
true. Knowledge is created through the culmination of generally accepted assumptions and
creativity. How do you separate general assumptions and creativity? These two types of thinking
can be easily separated in regards to concrete or realistic ideas compared to abstract or original ideas
however to generate new, acceptable knowledge critical and creative thinking must interact together.
The questioning of established beliefs with the creation of...show more content...
Knowledge must have background facts to be considered true and mathematics must use reason to
justify their formulas or methods. For example, memorizing the area under a bell curve is very
different from understanding how it is derived. Proofs are useful when proving mathematical
concepts although they are not concrete and harder to understand. Creative aspects must be
considered when trying to derive a difficult proof. Creative problem solving involving mathematics
can use sense perception as a way of knowing. In these problems, real life situations allow for the
organization of ideas and require that the student's attention be focused on the actual understanding
of the concepts rather than the usual memorization of facts from concrete problems. For example,
calculating the replanting of trees in a forest would depend on the circumstances surrounding the
problems and factors would be dependant on the situation. Is creating a personal solution to the
problems more effective than searching for existing solutions? In regards to mathematics, if a
solution is known to exist using methods already established, there is no need to search for
additional or new solutions. There are always exceptions to any case and new knowledge could
form from a completely new and personal solution. This could create new knowledge using creative
thinking and could also create a more efficient solution to the one previously used. Applied
mathematics uses both
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13. Critical Thinking Application Essay Examples
Throughout one's lifetime, they will experience setbacks and obstacles, as well as some pivotal
moments. In the process, they develop deep–rooted values and opinions which will overall create
their personality traits. What I find interesting is the mind sharpens itself through culturalistic ideals
and rituals a given society may deem relevant to them. Psychology is what lets me figure out the
answers to the questions developed from my burning curiosities. Generally speaking, how we
interpret the information is what shapes our worldview. Attending Lynn University as a graduate
would allow me to mold my optical senses and offer me a sharp vision consisting of determination
and focus.
To begin, what gravitated me towards attending Lynn University...show more content...
When we meet others who may be able to perform a simple task seemingly well, we feel
threatened, and act through envy, hurting others in the process. Most importantly, we end up
hurting ourselves, for trying to aim for perfection when it doesn't exist. As I grew up, my
aspirations of being the perfect student were met with unsatisfactory results. At one point, if I
were to mess up for any reason, I felt there'd been no need to continue as I felt that I'd failed
myself. However, the road to perfection became a narrow path to failure. Over time, I realized that
it's perfectly okay to make mistakes; that we have the ability to learn from them and take those
lessons and apply them in the future. As I began to let go of any frustrations regarding not
achieving as much as all of the others, I came to the conclusion that the only competition worth
having is with myself. Learning to use my past self as a reason to become a better person. I aspire
to attend Lynn University as a graduate student looking to further my knowledge and feed my many
curiosities on the human mind and learn from how culture and context can bring about the set
personalities of others and shape their
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14. Critical Thinking And Critical Writing Essay
During this semester of English 112, I have learned a lot about different research techniques as
well as different writing strategies. Although, I feel that I have grown as a writer this growth did
not lack growing pains. This course differed greatly from the English 111 and 113 courses that I
have taken in previous semesters. It proved to be one of the most challenging English classes that I
have taken so far in my academic career. There were many elements of the pre–writing process
introduced during the past sixteen weeks, such as writing a preliminary draft and annotated
bibliography, that I have never been exposed to before. The critical reading, critical thinking, and
critical writing process in this course definitely stretched me as a writer and student. There were
three writing styles practiced during this course along with three different genres. The first paper
written was in the MLA (Modern Language Association)writing style coupled with the humanities
genre, the second was written in the APA (American Psychological Association) writing style
coupled with the social science genre, and the third paper written was in the CSE (Council of
Science Editors) writing style which was coupled with the sciences genre. These different genres
gave great insight as well as a different perspective to my chosen topic, pregnancy. Although, I feel
I have a better knowledge of these different types of writing styles and critical writing procedures, I
still have room for growth as I
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15. Critical Skills And My Writing Assignments
Throughout all my writing assignments, I have developed many critical skills that allows me to
simplify my work, and narrow–down my topic to simpler forms. Interestingly, at the beginning of
this quarter I was afraid of in–class writing essays because I am a super slow in writing and
thinking. However, after writing several drafts for every assignment, my understanding of the
critical skills gradually increased to the point where I wrote well organised essays within the time
limit. I think I am ready to progress to ESL 5 because of developing the essential skills, which are
compulsory for writing well–organized essays at college level. These crucial skills include content
organization and analysis . In addition I would still have to improve my time management skills to
quickly organize and write my thoughts down on paper.
As the quarter continued to go ahead, I learned about several ways to organize the main points of
the essay.. In most of my earlier writings I had difficulties with organizing my thoughts and writing
them down in a cohesive way. For instance, in one of my writings about Social Networking, in my
outline; I planned to talk about the 2 negative effects of social networking and 1 positive effect
however, the order of combining my thoughts did not match the thesis statement I planned to write.
After writing the second draft, I learned how to layout my thoughts effectively before writing the
essay. Firstly, I would introduce the 3 main ideas in the outline, then
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16. example of a critical review
PL4S111
Example: Critical Review of a Journal Article
Article: Carroll, J. (2002). Play Therapy: the children's views, Child and Family Social Work, 7, pg
177–187
This article is recent, published within a peer–reviewed journal. The author–conducted research is
empirical, qualitative and phenomenologically designed, uniquely enabling children to describe their
play therapy experiences and identify factors that influence these experiences.
The article's title clarifies the project's purpose of eliciting the child's view. However, although
Carroll clearly describes how children's experiences should take "centre stage" (p.178), she hears the
opinions of the children's therapists first, potentially influencing her questioning of the children
...show more content...
The accuracy, reliability and comprehensive nature of transcripts is therefore called into question,
potentially compromising analysable data.
Carroll's semi–structured questioning may encourage reciprocal communication and perhaps
formulated in–depth data. However, she also offers leading questions: "was that the best thing
about it?" (p.180); "do you think it was helpful playing like that?" (p.184). Such 'closed' questions
could elicit yes or no responses, or suggest a preferred response. Due to the lack of full transcripts,
the reader cannot ascertain whether other leading questions were used and the impact these had on
data gathered. Carroll, as interviewer and data analyst, does not consider this risk.
As grounded theory was employed by Carroll, data analysis and findings were based on the
categorisation of themes. Although Carroll's data analysis methodology has been deemed
appropriate to qualitative research (Strauss, 1997, p. 180), the reader questions whether majority
perspectives were favoured over individual for analysis, potentially distorting eventual findings.
Carroll outlines categories as a result of her data analysis, providing numerous excerpts from
interview transcripts to support her interpretation and analysis of children's perspectives and to add
credibility to her assertions and categorisation. However, the excerpts chosen are mainly positive
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17. Critical Writing Review Of Hamlet
Many people equate good critical writing with very descriptive writing when that is simply not true.
Good critical writing should not just be an in–depth description of a topic. Good critical writing
should include a clear presentation of your argument and your own evidence, a clear and confident
refusal to accept opposing conclusions from other critical writers, and a balanced presentation of
reasons why the conclusions of other writers may be accepted but are ultimately not correct. Many
people have written reviews about Kenneth Branagh's four–hour uncut movie production of Hamlet,
but I'm going to evaluate just four reviews to determine their credibility of being a critical writing
piece.
Alan Stone has written a drawn–out review of...show more content...
In addition, Branagh did not add additional dialogue to indicate this scenario, but rather a silent cut
scene. In the end, Stone declares that "these criticisms are no more than quibbles about this glorious
film" (Stone). Alan Stone gives extensive background of Branagh's film, is clear about his opinion,
provides lots of evidence, and includes and refutes opposing views. Berardinelli has written a piece
that includes only his opinion with no critical reasoning or specific evidence. Berardinelli gives
background information on Hamlet itself when talking about how "legendary actors John Gielgud,
Richard Burton, and Laurence Olivier have taken the lead role" (Berardinelli). He also gives
background to Branagh's connection with Hamlet and how it "has been something of a private
obsession for Kenneth Branagh since the age of eleven" (Berardinelli). He then goes into a
lengthy synopsis of Hamlet. Berardinelli is not at all on the fence about his opinion; he states his
argument very clearly early on when he says "I do not make lightly, this latest version is not only
the best filmed adaption of Hamlet I have ever seen, but the best cinematic expression that I have
come across of any of Shakespeare's plays" (Berardinelli). Berardinelli adds evidence to support
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18. Example Of A Critical Review Essay
The study consisted of 395 students from the Australian National University studying a first–year
psychology course of which 247 were female, 143 male, 4 as other gender, and 1 one was missing.
The age of the participants ranged from 17 to 56 years of age (Вµ=19.7, Пѓ=4.6). Participants were
recruited through participation in a lab activity, however, all participation was voluntary without the
use of incentives. Data was collected with the awareness and informed consent of the participants.
This study followed a between–subjects design, and the study itself was quasi–experimental. The
variable which was manipulated – the independent variable – was the presence of a childhood
imaginary companion. The variables which were measured – the dependent variables – were fantasy
proneness and the frequency of self–talk....show more content...
The study was completed over the duration of a week by nine classes, each with approximately 30
students and was conducted online. Firstly, the participants read an information sheet which briefly
highlighted the study and its procedure. Following this, the participants completed a Creative
Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ), designed by Merckelbach, Horselenberg, & Muris (2001). This
questionnaire aimed to measure the fantasy proneness of the individual and involved choosing either
'yes' or 'no' to the given 25 questions. Then, the participants completed the Self–Talk Scale developed
by Brinthaupt, Hein, & Kramer (2009). This involved 16 questions with the selection of answers 1
(never) to 5 (very often), and was used to assess the frequency of self–talk. The last task to complete
was the Imaginary Companion (IC) questionnaire, of which the first part collected demographic
information such as age and gender. Proceeding this, a definition of imaginary companion was
provided followed by questions relative to imaginary
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19. Example Of Critical Appraisal
Data: Client contacted this writer to reschedule his individual session to a different date of next
week due to "Not feeeling well". This writer informed client that he is assigned to CDP Gail Moore
as he completed Intensive Outpatient treatment program and is attending Outpatient treatment
program. CDP Gail Moore 's contact information was provided to client; client was encouraged to
contact and reschedule his individual session with CDP Gail Moore. Assessment: Client appears to
be not feeling well enough to attend his individual sessin. Plan: CDP Gail Moore will be notified.
/ HA,
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20. Reflective Essay On Critical Thinking
Questioning and challenging my assumptions and attitudes about critical thinking is a new process
for me, but I do appreciate that to develop and enhance my assumptions and other mindsets it is an
important undertaking. Looking at what we hold to be true is an endeavor well trenched into us as
we evolved. "The real value of critical thinking is that it's been at the root of all human progress"
(Rabinowitz, 2015).
Being challenged on my thinking is difficult, but once I got through the difficulty I realized it was
for my betterment as a student and as a teacher. My prior experience as an undergraduate in early
childhood education with Bloom's focused mainly on the cognitive domain and thus I cannot recall
the affective or psychomotor domains being addressed. However, as I began to understand that "the
committee identified three domains of educational activities or learning" (Bloom, 1956 as cited by
Clark, 2015), I realized that I did have assumptions and that they were being challenged. First of all,
I did assume that Bloom's focus on cognitive development devalues the importance of other domains
and secondly that Bloom's Taxonomy is only used by educators in K–12 and college. Interestingly,
both have since been challenged and changed through my readings as "it is important to note that the
most common usage of Bloom's Taxonomy focuses on cognitive learning skills rather than
psychomotor or affective skills, two domains that are crucial to the success of health
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