A crisis is an unstable situation that affects individuals, groups, communities, or societies. It occurs when a complex system functions poorly and an immediate decision is needed, but the causes are not immediately clear. Crisis management is applying strategies to help an organization deal with a sudden negative event. It helps prepare individuals to face unexpected changes with courage and determination, helps employees adjust and understand the causes, and helps managers devise strategies to respond and prevent future crises. Common types of organizational crises include financial issues, technological problems, violence, natural disasters, deception, and workplace safety threats.