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Cpu cycle

Das Dokument beschreibt eine fiktive Assemblersprache mit verschiedenen Op-Codes für grundlegende Operationen wie Laden, Speichern, Addieren und Subtrahieren von Werten in Registern. Es enthält Anweisungen zur Ausführung von Programmen, einschließlich des Aufbaus von Befehlen und der Verwaltung des Instruktionszeigers. Zusätzlich werden Fragen zur Funktionalität der Sprache und deren Anpassungen aufgeworfen.

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LET’S MAKE UP A LANGUAGE 000000 op-code operand Control Unit Instruction Pointer INSTRUCTION EXPLANATION 000XXX Load the value located at memory location XXX into the register 001XXX Put the value of register at memory ALU location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to the value of register Register 011XXX Subract XXX from the value of register 111XXX End program 1
INSTR EXPL START PROGRAM 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 000 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 111 2
INSTR EXPL FETCH INSTRUCTION 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 000110 001 010001 000 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 111 3
INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE Load value 000 000110 000110 located at memory location 001 010001 110 into register 000 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 111 4
INSTR EXPL EXECUTE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 000110 001 010001 000 010 001111 011 111000 100 Load from 110 101 110 000001 000001 111 5
INSTR EXPL INCREMENT IP 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 Increment 001 instruction 010 001111 pointer 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000001 111 6
INSTR EXPL FETCH INSTRUCTION 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 010001 001 010001 001 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000001 111 7
INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 010001 Add 001 to the value of 001 010001 register 001 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000001 111 8
INSTR EXPL EXECUTE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 010001 001 010001 001 010 001111 011 111000 100 Add 001 to register 101 110 000001 000010 111 9
INSTR EXPL INCREMENT IP 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 Increment 010 instruction 010 001111 pointer 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 10
INSTR EXPL FETCH INSTRUCTION 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001111 001 010001 010 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 11
INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE Put value of 000 000110 001111 register at 001 010001 memory 010 location 111 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 12
INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001111 001 010001 010 010 001111 011 111000 100 Put value of register at 101 111 110 000001 000010 111 000010 13
INSTR EXPL INCREMENT IP 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 Increment 011 instruction 010 001111 pointer 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 000010 14
INSTR EXPL FETCH INSTRUCTION 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 111000 001 010001 011 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 000010 Chapter 1: Computers and Digital Basics 15
INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 111000 End Program 001 010001 011 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 000010 Chapter 1: Computers and Digital Basics 16
INSTR EXPL INCREMENT IP 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 What would happen if the last instruction 010 001111 would write to 011 instead of 111? 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 What would I set the instruction pointer to 110 instead to 000 at the beginning of the 111 000010 exercise? 17

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Cpu cycle

  • 1.
    LET’S MAKE UPA LANGUAGE 000000 op-code operand Control Unit Instruction Pointer INSTRUCTION EXPLANATION 000XXX Load the value located at memory location XXX into the register 001XXX Put the value of register at memory ALU location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to the value of register Register 011XXX Subract XXX from the value of register 111XXX End program 1
  • 2.
    INSTR EXPL START PROGRAM 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 000 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 111 2
  • 3.
    INSTR EXPL FETCH INSTRUCTION 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 000110 001 010001 000 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 111 3
  • 4.
    INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE Load value 000 000110 000110 located at memory location 001 010001 110 into register 000 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 111 4
  • 5.
    INSTR EXPL EXECUTE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 000110 001 010001 000 010 001111 011 111000 100 Load from 110 101 110 000001 000001 111 5
  • 6.
    INSTR EXPL INCREMENT IP 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 Increment 001 instruction 010 001111 pointer 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000001 111 6
  • 7.
    INSTR EXPL FETCH INSTRUCTION 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 010001 001 010001 001 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000001 111 7
  • 8.
    INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 010001 Add 001 to the value of 001 010001 register 001 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000001 111 8
  • 9.
    INSTR EXPL EXECUTE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 010001 001 010001 001 010 001111 011 111000 100 Add 001 to register 101 110 000001 000010 111 9
  • 10.
    INSTR EXPL INCREMENT IP 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 Increment 010 instruction 010 001111 pointer 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 10
  • 11.
    INSTR EXPL FETCH INSTRUCTION 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001111 001 010001 010 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 11
  • 12.
    INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE Put value of 000 000110 001111 register at 001 010001 memory 010 location 111 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 12
  • 13.
    INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001111 001 010001 010 010 001111 011 111000 100 Put value of register at 101 111 110 000001 000010 111 000010 13
  • 14.
    INSTR EXPL INCREMENT IP 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 Increment 011 instruction 010 001111 pointer 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 000010 14
  • 15.
    INSTR EXPL FETCH INSTRUCTION 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 111000 001 010001 011 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 000010 Chapter 1: Computers and Digital Basics 15
  • 16.
    INSTR EXPL DECODE 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 111000 End Program 001 010001 011 010 001111 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 000010 111 000010 Chapter 1: Computers and Digital Basics 16
  • 17.
    INSTR EXPL INCREMENT IP 000XXX Load XXX into REG 001XXX Put REG into location XXX 010XXX Add XXX to REG 011XXX Subtract XXX from REG 111XXX End program ADDR VALUE 000 000110 001 010001 What would happen if the last instruction 010 001111 would write to 011 instead of 111? 011 111000 100 101 110 000001 What would I set the instruction pointer to 110 instead to 000 at the beginning of the 111 000010 exercise? 17