This document defines COVID-19 as a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. It describes the causative organism as SARS-CoV-2, a positive sense single stranded RNA virus similar to bat coronaviruses. It notes that the COVID-19 outbreak started in Wuhan, China and mainly spreads through air droplets or aerosols from infected individuals coughing, sneezing or breathing. Prevention methods include hand washing, physical distancing and covering coughs/sneezes.

1. NAME: JOHNALEN

2. Definition
• Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses transmitting
between animals and people that cause illness ranging from the
common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East
respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS-CoV)
• What is the meaning of COVID-19?
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus.
'CO' stands for corona, 'VI' for virus, and 'D' for disease. '

3. Etiology
• The main causative organism
is due to Severe acute
respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),
a positive sense, which is a
single stranded RNA virus
having close genetic
similarity to bat
coronaviruses

4. EPIDEMOLOGY
• The COVID 19 outbreak was started in the city of wuhan, china
• mainly spreads through the air droplets or aerosols, as an infected person
breathes, coughs, sneezes
• WHO announced COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic on 11 March 2020
• The total case is as of 2nd of november 2020 is 46.6M AND DEATHS 1.M
SO THE FATALITY RATE IS 2%
The susceptable people to get the covid are olderpeople
And those who have health conditions like lung or heart disease, diabetes
or conditions that affect their immune system.

7. Classification of disease according to onset of disease

8. diagnosis
• Nasopharyngeal swab is recommended for the specimen;
oropharyngeal swab, sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage
may be used alternatively
• Definite diagnosis is based on detection of viral RNA by real
time RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain
reaction)
• In Laboratory test we can find :
• Decreased albumin
• High C reactive protein
• High lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
• Lymphopenia
• High erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
• D-dimer elevation

9. Treatment
• There is no specific treatment for covid -19
• Home management is recommended for patients with mild symptoms
• May need oxygenation support, ranging from low dose oxygen supplement to invasive
ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
• Among antiviral drugs (ribavirin, favipiravir, remdesivir) undergoing clinical testing, remdesivir
seems to be most promising
• Corticosteriods dexamethasone in patients on ventilators and those whom require supplemental
oxygen

10. Prevention
• Wash your hands regularly with soap and water, or clean them with alcohol-based hand rub.
• Maintain at least 1 metre distance between you and people coughing or sneezing.
• Avoid touching your face.
• Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
• Stay home if you feel unwell.
• Do not smoke
• Practice physical distancing by avoiding unnecessary travel and staying away from large groups of people.

11. 𝐓𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐊 𝐘𝐎𝐔