The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the corona virus pandemic, is an ongoing pandemic of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2).
Though several trials for candidate vaccines and potential therapies are underway, there is currently no cure, and in the absence of either proven effective therapy or a vaccine, diagnostic testing becomes a valuable tool. Testing is our window onto the pandemic and how it is spreading. Without data on who is infected by the virus we have no way of understanding the pandemic. Without this data we cannot know which countries are doing well, and which are just underreporting cases and deaths.
At IntellectPeritus, we have collected around 100 diagnostic kits (used in SARS-COV-2 diagnosis) and around 50 patent documents as sample report and have tried to put value added technology categories to generate specific insights quickly using our deliverable “Innovigence Corona”.
If you are interested in detailed or any customized report for SARS-COV-2 diagnostic kits please feel free to write to us at sales@intellectperitus.com
The document discusses the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in detecting infectious diseases. Specifically, it discusses:
1) PCR is a widely used nucleic acid amplification technique that can replicate a specific DNA region millions of times, allowing detection of small amounts of DNA or RNA from infectious pathogens.
2) PCR has revolutionized clinical infectious disease diagnosis by enabling rapid and accurate detection of viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens from patient samples.
3) The document provides examples of how PCR has been used to detect several infectious diseases, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human papillomavirus, HIV, influenza, and the novel coronavirus COVID-19.
This document discusses diagnostic tests for COVID-19. It describes how samples are collected, typically nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swabs. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the preferred testing method, using RNA extraction and fluorescent markers to detect viral DNA. Lateral flow and ELISA tests detect antibodies produced in response to infection. Treatment options discussed include chloroquine and favilavir. Several vaccine candidates are under development at universities and companies.
This document discusses diagnostic testing for COVID-19. It outlines that RT-PCR tests on respiratory samples are the reference standard, but point-of-care tests and serology are emerging. It recommends testing symptomatic individuals, healthcare workers, and those with recent exposure. Rapid antibody tests are not recommended for diagnosis but can indicate exposure. Specimens include respiratory and blood samples. Saliva samples may be a sensitive alternative to nasal swabs. Validation of diagnostic tests is important.
This document provides information on COVID-19 including its background, aetiology, symptoms, transmission, and methods of detection. It discusses COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and describes its structure and entry into human cells. Symptoms are outlined and transmission primarily occurs through respiratory droplets. Detection methods covered include PCR, LAMP, whole genome sequencing, CRISPR-Cas and serologic tests like immunofluorescence assays, ELISA, and microneutralization assays. Advantages and disadvantages of each method are presented.
1) Molecular testing for Covid-19 detection includes RT-PCR, TRUE NAT, and CB NAAT tests which detect viral RNA through nucleic acid amplification.
2) Antigen tests detect viral proteins and provide rapid results but have lower sensitivity than molecular tests.
3) Antibody tests detect antibodies produced after infection but cannot be used for diagnosis as they become positive later.
4) Newer modalities under research include multiplex assays, LAMP, CRISPR and other techniques for faster, portable, and higher-throughput Covid-19 testing.
Rapid diagnostic test for covid 19 may take around 10-20 minutes and are relatively simple to perform and interpret and therefore require limited test operator training. These slides illustrate the general concept of rapid test especially testing IgG and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 antigen .
A Fully Automated Sample-to-result PCR System for Detecting Infectious DiseasesSimon Chung - genereach
This document describes GeneReach Biotechnology Corporation's POCKIT Central system, a fully automated sample-to-result PCR system for infectious disease detection. The POCKIT Central can detect multiple pathogens from a single sample in less than 2 hours, including dengue virus serotypes. It has been validated against qPCR with equivalent sensitivity and specificity for dengue virus detection and subtyping. The portable and easy-to-use POCKIT Central provides a rapid and accurate molecular diagnostic solution for point-of-care infectious disease testing.
The document discusses the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in detecting infectious diseases. Specifically, it discusses:
1) PCR is a widely used nucleic acid amplification technique that can replicate a specific DNA region millions of times, allowing detection of small amounts of DNA or RNA from infectious pathogens.
2) PCR has revolutionized clinical infectious disease diagnosis by enabling rapid and accurate detection of viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens from patient samples.
3) The document provides examples of how PCR has been used to detect several infectious diseases, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human papillomavirus, HIV, influenza, and the novel coronavirus COVID-19.
This document discusses diagnostic tests for COVID-19. It describes how samples are collected, typically nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swabs. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the preferred testing method, using RNA extraction and fluorescent markers to detect viral DNA. Lateral flow and ELISA tests detect antibodies produced in response to infection. Treatment options discussed include chloroquine and favilavir. Several vaccine candidates are under development at universities and companies.
This document discusses diagnostic testing for COVID-19. It outlines that RT-PCR tests on respiratory samples are the reference standard, but point-of-care tests and serology are emerging. It recommends testing symptomatic individuals, healthcare workers, and those with recent exposure. Rapid antibody tests are not recommended for diagnosis but can indicate exposure. Specimens include respiratory and blood samples. Saliva samples may be a sensitive alternative to nasal swabs. Validation of diagnostic tests is important.
This document provides information on COVID-19 including its background, aetiology, symptoms, transmission, and methods of detection. It discusses COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and describes its structure and entry into human cells. Symptoms are outlined and transmission primarily occurs through respiratory droplets. Detection methods covered include PCR, LAMP, whole genome sequencing, CRISPR-Cas and serologic tests like immunofluorescence assays, ELISA, and microneutralization assays. Advantages and disadvantages of each method are presented.
1) Molecular testing for Covid-19 detection includes RT-PCR, TRUE NAT, and CB NAAT tests which detect viral RNA through nucleic acid amplification.
2) Antigen tests detect viral proteins and provide rapid results but have lower sensitivity than molecular tests.
3) Antibody tests detect antibodies produced after infection but cannot be used for diagnosis as they become positive later.
4) Newer modalities under research include multiplex assays, LAMP, CRISPR and other techniques for faster, portable, and higher-throughput Covid-19 testing.
Rapid diagnostic test for covid 19 may take around 10-20 minutes and are relatively simple to perform and interpret and therefore require limited test operator training. These slides illustrate the general concept of rapid test especially testing IgG and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 antigen .
A Fully Automated Sample-to-result PCR System for Detecting Infectious DiseasesSimon Chung - genereach
This document describes GeneReach Biotechnology Corporation's POCKIT Central system, a fully automated sample-to-result PCR system for infectious disease detection. The POCKIT Central can detect multiple pathogens from a single sample in less than 2 hours, including dengue virus serotypes. It has been validated against qPCR with equivalent sensitivity and specificity for dengue virus detection and subtyping. The portable and easy-to-use POCKIT Central provides a rapid and accurate molecular diagnostic solution for point-of-care infectious disease testing.
This document summarizes laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19. It discusses that molecular (rRT-PCR) tests target genes like E, RdRp, N, and ORF 1ab. Specimens collected include nasopharyngeal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs, sputum, and stool. Interpretation of rRT-PCR tests follows WHO and CDC guidelines. Serological tests detect IgM and IgG antibodies but are not recommended for diagnosis. Viral sequencing and culture are also discussed. Abnormal lab findings in COVID-19 patients include decreased lymphocytes and albumin and increased LDH, D-dimer and inflammatory markers.
RT PCR is too slow for effective control of spread of cov 2 infection, rapid antigen test by giving results in less than 30 minutes can help identify infected persons leading to quick isolation.Lack of sensitivity can be compensated by repeating RAT after a day or so.
- Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses with club-shaped spikes that give them a crown-like appearance. They can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like MERS and SARS.
- COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus that originated in bats and is primarily transmitted between people via respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing. Its symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath.
- While most cases are mild, underlying conditions and older age can increase the risk of severe illness from COVID-19. Diagnosis involves PCR testing of respiratory samples, and treatment is supportive as there are currently no vaccines or antiviral drugs.
role serology in diagnosis and control of covid 19 shortPathKind Labs
- Serology testing can play an important role in the diagnosis and control of Covid-19 by detecting antibodies.
- While RT-PCR is still the gold standard for diagnosis, it has limitations such as being slow. Rapid antigen tests are rapid but not very sensitive.
- Serology tests can detect antibodies which begin appearing about 2 weeks after infection. They are useful for surveillance to understand spread and for identifying recovered individuals who may donate convalescent plasma.
The document summarizes laboratory tests for diagnosing HIV infection. It describes the structure of the HIV virus and how it infects CD4+ T-cells. The main purposes of HIV testing are to prevent transmission through blood or from mother to child. HIV diagnosis involves screening assays like ELISA and rapid tests, followed by confirmatory tests like Western blot. Viral load and CD4 count are used to monitor disease progression. New techniques allow detection of HIV in alternative specimens like saliva, urine and oral fluids. Diagnosis in infants is challenging due to passive antibody transfer.
Corona is here to stay and it is predicted that over 70% of population will get the infection (fortunately not all will fall sick or very sick). (Recovery rate of over 74% & Death rate around 2%).
A lot of confusion exists regarding testing for covid and what test to do, when and how to interpret these tests.
Compiled by Dr. Narendra Malhotra
This document summarizes various laboratory tests used for HIV diagnosis and management. It describes enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and rapid tests for detecting HIV antibodies. It also discusses tests for detecting the p24 antigen for early infant diagnosis, and CD4 and viral load tests for monitoring disease progression and response to antiretroviral therapy (ART). The document provides details on different formats of rapid tests including immuno-concentration, immuno-chromatography, and particle agglutination, and emphasizes the importance of proper training, supervision and monitoring for reliable HIV testing.
This document provides information on laboratory testing for Covid-19 using RT-PCR. It describes how RT-PCR works to detect the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by converting its RNA to DNA and amplifying any viral DNA present in samples through repeated cycles. Nasal and throat swabs are common sample types, and results are usually available within 4-8 hours. A lower Ct value indicates a higher viral load was present in the sample. Safety precautions like PPE and proper sample handling are important when conducting these tests.
Diagnosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (covid 19)Makrani Shaharukh
The document discusses the diagnosis of COVID-19. It describes that there are two primary diagnostic methods: 1) a molecular-based assay using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the virus's genetic material and 2) a lateral flow immunoassay to detect antibodies against the virus. RT-PCR is currently the most accurate laboratory method but is more expensive and complex, while lateral flow tests are cheaper, simpler, and suitable for point-of-care and home testing. Diagnostic testing is critical for monitoring the spread of the virus over time and location.
The role of the clinical lab in diagnosis of hivAyman Allam
The document discusses the role of clinical laboratories in diagnosing and monitoring HIV infection. It describes that initial diagnosis involves screening tests like ELISA or rapid tests, followed by confirmatory tests like Western Blot or nucleic acid amplification tests. Monitoring involves regular CD4 counts to track immune status and viral load tests to monitor response to antiretroviral treatment. It also discusses additional tests like drug resistance and co-receptor tropism tests to help guide treatment decisions.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on laboratory diagnosis of HIV. It discusses specimen collection, storage and transport. Screening tests covered include ELISA and rapid tests. Confirmatory tests discussed are Western blot and nucleic acid-based tests like PCR. Molecular assays for detecting HIV RNA are also summarized, including quantitative PCR and viral load determination. National testing strategies, reference laboratories, legal and ethical issues are also briefly covered.
The document discusses laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection and its treatment. [1] Several specific tests are used to detect HIV infection including antigen detection, virus isolation, viral nucleic acid detection and antibody detection. [2] Non-specific tests like complete blood count and CD4/CD8 ratio are also used. [3] Opportunistic infections are diagnosed using microscopy, culture and specific tests. HIV treatment involves the use of several classes of antiretroviral drugs that target different stages of the viral lifecycle alone or in combination therapy.
Laboratory diagnosis and monitoring of HIV Thet Su Wynn
This document provides information on laboratory diagnosis and monitoring of HIV infection. It discusses various rapid HIV antibody tests approved by the FDA that can detect HIV antibodies in 5-15 minutes. It also describes ELISA and Western blot tests used for HIV diagnosis. For monitoring, it outlines CD4 count, viral load, resistance testing, co-receptor tropism assay and HLA-B*5701 screening tests. The document presents the CDC/APHL diagnostic testing algorithm for HIV and provides guidance on testing algorithms for infants less than 18 months old.
This document summarizes modern methods for influenza detection and subtyping discussed at a CDC training course. It describes influenza viruses and strains, epidemiology, surveillance and laboratory testing methods. Newer methods like shell vial culture, immunofluorescence subtyping, and PCR are presented as alternatives or additions to current cell culture and hemagglutination testing, to allow for more rapid response to influenza. Factors to consider in updating surveillance algorithms include cost, validation, and providing the most timely and accurate information.
This document provides an overview of laboratory diagnosis of AIDS, including:
1) The structure of HIV and the humoral and cellular immune response to HIV are described.
2) Diagnosis of AIDS involves antibody detection using screening tests like ELISA and confirmatory tests like Western blot. Antigen detection tests like p24 antigen capture and PCR are also used.
3) Laboratory monitoring of anti-retroviral therapy includes measuring CD4+ T cell counts, HIV RNA levels, and testing for HIV drug resistance.
Methods of Laboratory diagnosis (genotypic detection) of HIVdrakmane
1. Genotypic methods of HIV detection involve detecting mutations in the viral genome that are associated with drug resistance. This is done by sequencing parts of the HIV genome, like the reverse transcriptase and protease genes.
2. There are two main approaches - phenotypic testing directly measures viral replication in the presence of drugs, while genotypic testing detects known resistance-conferring mutations. Genotypic is recommended due to being faster and less expensive.
3. Genotypic testing involves extracting HIV RNA from plasma, amplifying genes with PCR, and then sequencing the genes to identify resistance mutations compared to wild type sequences. This allows detection of resistant strains present at 25% of the total viral population.
Bioinformatics plays an important role in sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, and modeling of COVID-19. Next generation sequencing allows determining the source and transmission route. Phylogenetic analysis shows COVID-19 is closely related to bat coronaviruses. 3D structural modeling of the spike protein has been done. Bioinformatics also aids in vaccine development by predicting epitopes and HLA binding peptides. Several databases provide information on COVID-19 genome, proteins, and literature.
The document discusses HIV testing procedures for adults and children. It outlines the objectives of HIV testing, general principles, types of diagnostic tests, and strategies for testing. It also covers tests for diagnosing HIV in children under 18 months, including DNA PCR. Guidelines for monitoring disease progression and ART response via CD4 count and viral load testing are presented. The key aims of HIV testing are diagnosis, monitoring, and surveillance to help control the HIV epidemic.
The document discusses different types of COVID-19 tests. The PCR test detects the virus's genetic material and is accurate up to 97%, showing current infection status. Antibody tests detect IgM and IgG antibodies, with IgM appearing 4-7 days after infection and IgG providing longer-term immunity. A positive IgM indicates a new infection, while IgG shows a past infection and developed immunity. The document also outlines different test result scenarios and the recommended actions.
This document provides instructions for using the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Nucleic Acid Diagnostic Kit (PCR-Fluorescence Probing) for the qualitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory specimens. The kit uses real-time RT-PCR to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA and includes positive and negative controls. Test results along with clinical observations are needed for accurate patient diagnosis and management. Strict laboratory procedures and biosafety precautions must be followed when handling specimens and performing the test.
Amany m. elshamy why the negative covid19 pcr test is a misguide resultsAmany Elshamy
The document discusses limitations of PCR tests for COVID-19 diagnosis. PCR tests have sensitivity of 70-90% and false negatives are common within the first week of infection or after 15 days. Commercial PCR kits target genes like ORF1ab, E, N and RdRP which have high genetic diversity and mutations, reducing accuracy. Serology tests have increasing sensitivity after the first week but depend on viral activity and cannot determine active infection. Chest CT is more reliable than PCR for diagnosis, showing characteristic lung opacities. Improved COVID-19 diagnostics are needed to enhance early reporting and accurately diagnose asymptomatic cases.
This document summarizes laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19. It discusses that molecular (rRT-PCR) tests target genes like E, RdRp, N, and ORF 1ab. Specimens collected include nasopharyngeal swabs, oropharyngeal swabs, sputum, and stool. Interpretation of rRT-PCR tests follows WHO and CDC guidelines. Serological tests detect IgM and IgG antibodies but are not recommended for diagnosis. Viral sequencing and culture are also discussed. Abnormal lab findings in COVID-19 patients include decreased lymphocytes and albumin and increased LDH, D-dimer and inflammatory markers.
RT PCR is too slow for effective control of spread of cov 2 infection, rapid antigen test by giving results in less than 30 minutes can help identify infected persons leading to quick isolation.Lack of sensitivity can be compensated by repeating RAT after a day or so.
- Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses with club-shaped spikes that give them a crown-like appearance. They can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like MERS and SARS.
- COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus that originated in bats and is primarily transmitted between people via respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing. Its symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath.
- While most cases are mild, underlying conditions and older age can increase the risk of severe illness from COVID-19. Diagnosis involves PCR testing of respiratory samples, and treatment is supportive as there are currently no vaccines or antiviral drugs.
role serology in diagnosis and control of covid 19 shortPathKind Labs
- Serology testing can play an important role in the diagnosis and control of Covid-19 by detecting antibodies.
- While RT-PCR is still the gold standard for diagnosis, it has limitations such as being slow. Rapid antigen tests are rapid but not very sensitive.
- Serology tests can detect antibodies which begin appearing about 2 weeks after infection. They are useful for surveillance to understand spread and for identifying recovered individuals who may donate convalescent plasma.
The document summarizes laboratory tests for diagnosing HIV infection. It describes the structure of the HIV virus and how it infects CD4+ T-cells. The main purposes of HIV testing are to prevent transmission through blood or from mother to child. HIV diagnosis involves screening assays like ELISA and rapid tests, followed by confirmatory tests like Western blot. Viral load and CD4 count are used to monitor disease progression. New techniques allow detection of HIV in alternative specimens like saliva, urine and oral fluids. Diagnosis in infants is challenging due to passive antibody transfer.
Corona is here to stay and it is predicted that over 70% of population will get the infection (fortunately not all will fall sick or very sick). (Recovery rate of over 74% & Death rate around 2%).
A lot of confusion exists regarding testing for covid and what test to do, when and how to interpret these tests.
Compiled by Dr. Narendra Malhotra
This document summarizes various laboratory tests used for HIV diagnosis and management. It describes enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and rapid tests for detecting HIV antibodies. It also discusses tests for detecting the p24 antigen for early infant diagnosis, and CD4 and viral load tests for monitoring disease progression and response to antiretroviral therapy (ART). The document provides details on different formats of rapid tests including immuno-concentration, immuno-chromatography, and particle agglutination, and emphasizes the importance of proper training, supervision and monitoring for reliable HIV testing.
This document provides information on laboratory testing for Covid-19 using RT-PCR. It describes how RT-PCR works to detect the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by converting its RNA to DNA and amplifying any viral DNA present in samples through repeated cycles. Nasal and throat swabs are common sample types, and results are usually available within 4-8 hours. A lower Ct value indicates a higher viral load was present in the sample. Safety precautions like PPE and proper sample handling are important when conducting these tests.
Diagnosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (covid 19)Makrani Shaharukh
The document discusses the diagnosis of COVID-19. It describes that there are two primary diagnostic methods: 1) a molecular-based assay using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the virus's genetic material and 2) a lateral flow immunoassay to detect antibodies against the virus. RT-PCR is currently the most accurate laboratory method but is more expensive and complex, while lateral flow tests are cheaper, simpler, and suitable for point-of-care and home testing. Diagnostic testing is critical for monitoring the spread of the virus over time and location.
The role of the clinical lab in diagnosis of hivAyman Allam
The document discusses the role of clinical laboratories in diagnosing and monitoring HIV infection. It describes that initial diagnosis involves screening tests like ELISA or rapid tests, followed by confirmatory tests like Western Blot or nucleic acid amplification tests. Monitoring involves regular CD4 counts to track immune status and viral load tests to monitor response to antiretroviral treatment. It also discusses additional tests like drug resistance and co-receptor tropism tests to help guide treatment decisions.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on laboratory diagnosis of HIV. It discusses specimen collection, storage and transport. Screening tests covered include ELISA and rapid tests. Confirmatory tests discussed are Western blot and nucleic acid-based tests like PCR. Molecular assays for detecting HIV RNA are also summarized, including quantitative PCR and viral load determination. National testing strategies, reference laboratories, legal and ethical issues are also briefly covered.
The document discusses laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection and its treatment. [1] Several specific tests are used to detect HIV infection including antigen detection, virus isolation, viral nucleic acid detection and antibody detection. [2] Non-specific tests like complete blood count and CD4/CD8 ratio are also used. [3] Opportunistic infections are diagnosed using microscopy, culture and specific tests. HIV treatment involves the use of several classes of antiretroviral drugs that target different stages of the viral lifecycle alone or in combination therapy.
Laboratory diagnosis and monitoring of HIV Thet Su Wynn
This document provides information on laboratory diagnosis and monitoring of HIV infection. It discusses various rapid HIV antibody tests approved by the FDA that can detect HIV antibodies in 5-15 minutes. It also describes ELISA and Western blot tests used for HIV diagnosis. For monitoring, it outlines CD4 count, viral load, resistance testing, co-receptor tropism assay and HLA-B*5701 screening tests. The document presents the CDC/APHL diagnostic testing algorithm for HIV and provides guidance on testing algorithms for infants less than 18 months old.
This document summarizes modern methods for influenza detection and subtyping discussed at a CDC training course. It describes influenza viruses and strains, epidemiology, surveillance and laboratory testing methods. Newer methods like shell vial culture, immunofluorescence subtyping, and PCR are presented as alternatives or additions to current cell culture and hemagglutination testing, to allow for more rapid response to influenza. Factors to consider in updating surveillance algorithms include cost, validation, and providing the most timely and accurate information.
This document provides an overview of laboratory diagnosis of AIDS, including:
1) The structure of HIV and the humoral and cellular immune response to HIV are described.
2) Diagnosis of AIDS involves antibody detection using screening tests like ELISA and confirmatory tests like Western blot. Antigen detection tests like p24 antigen capture and PCR are also used.
3) Laboratory monitoring of anti-retroviral therapy includes measuring CD4+ T cell counts, HIV RNA levels, and testing for HIV drug resistance.
Methods of Laboratory diagnosis (genotypic detection) of HIVdrakmane
1. Genotypic methods of HIV detection involve detecting mutations in the viral genome that are associated with drug resistance. This is done by sequencing parts of the HIV genome, like the reverse transcriptase and protease genes.
2. There are two main approaches - phenotypic testing directly measures viral replication in the presence of drugs, while genotypic testing detects known resistance-conferring mutations. Genotypic is recommended due to being faster and less expensive.
3. Genotypic testing involves extracting HIV RNA from plasma, amplifying genes with PCR, and then sequencing the genes to identify resistance mutations compared to wild type sequences. This allows detection of resistant strains present at 25% of the total viral population.
Bioinformatics plays an important role in sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, and modeling of COVID-19. Next generation sequencing allows determining the source and transmission route. Phylogenetic analysis shows COVID-19 is closely related to bat coronaviruses. 3D structural modeling of the spike protein has been done. Bioinformatics also aids in vaccine development by predicting epitopes and HLA binding peptides. Several databases provide information on COVID-19 genome, proteins, and literature.
The document discusses HIV testing procedures for adults and children. It outlines the objectives of HIV testing, general principles, types of diagnostic tests, and strategies for testing. It also covers tests for diagnosing HIV in children under 18 months, including DNA PCR. Guidelines for monitoring disease progression and ART response via CD4 count and viral load testing are presented. The key aims of HIV testing are diagnosis, monitoring, and surveillance to help control the HIV epidemic.
The document discusses different types of COVID-19 tests. The PCR test detects the virus's genetic material and is accurate up to 97%, showing current infection status. Antibody tests detect IgM and IgG antibodies, with IgM appearing 4-7 days after infection and IgG providing longer-term immunity. A positive IgM indicates a new infection, while IgG shows a past infection and developed immunity. The document also outlines different test result scenarios and the recommended actions.
This document provides instructions for using the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Nucleic Acid Diagnostic Kit (PCR-Fluorescence Probing) for the qualitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory specimens. The kit uses real-time RT-PCR to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA and includes positive and negative controls. Test results along with clinical observations are needed for accurate patient diagnosis and management. Strict laboratory procedures and biosafety precautions must be followed when handling specimens and performing the test.
Amany m. elshamy why the negative covid19 pcr test is a misguide resultsAmany Elshamy
The document discusses limitations of PCR tests for COVID-19 diagnosis. PCR tests have sensitivity of 70-90% and false negatives are common within the first week of infection or after 15 days. Commercial PCR kits target genes like ORF1ab, E, N and RdRP which have high genetic diversity and mutations, reducing accuracy. Serology tests have increasing sensitivity after the first week but depend on viral activity and cannot determine active infection. Chest CT is more reliable than PCR for diagnosis, showing characteristic lung opacities. Improved COVID-19 diagnostics are needed to enhance early reporting and accurately diagnose asymptomatic cases.
Serology tests look for antibodies in a person's blood that were produced as part of an immune response to a pathogen like SARS-CoV-2. These tests can determine if a person has been previously infected but not if they are currently infected. There are several types of serology tests that differ in testing time and whether they provide qualitative or quantitative results or measure antibody function. RT-PCR is commonly used to detect if the SARS-CoV-2 virus is present by extracting RNA from a sample, converting it to DNA, and amplifying any viral DNA through repeated heating and cooling cycles. Rapid antigen tests can also detect active infection by identifying SARS-CoV-2 antigens but are less sensitive than RT-PCR.
The first section of Part III will cover the most immediate healthcare response - which is to test and diagnose patients for COVID-19, to get a clear picture on the extent of the spread of infection. It also covers the current technologies used in diagnostics: RT-PCR, LAMP, Lateral Flow and ELISA. It would also highlight key companies and comparison of the technologies involved.
Care start access bio antigen test covid 19 biotechh commerceHafsaWadood1
The care start covid-19 antigen test is a lateral flow immuno-chromatographic assay, for the qualitative detect of the SARS coronavirus nucleo-capsid protein (major antigen). It is a rapid, easy, diagnostic test for the qualitative detection of Covid-19 antigen. This device is intended for use at Point of Care (POC) testing services.
The document provides details on agreements made by EU Member States regarding COVID-19 testing strategies. It includes:
1) A common list of rapid antigen tests that meet specified criteria.
2) A selection of rapid antigen tests for which test results will be mutually recognized across EU countries.
3) An agreed upon common standardized set of data to include in COVID-19 test certificates to facilitate recognition of results.
The lists and standards will continue to be reviewed and updated as needed.
The document discusses technologies for COVID-19 individual testing. It describes how SARS-CoV-2 causes the COVID-19 pandemic, with over 18 million cases globally. Accurately testing individuals is crucial to controlling spread, even for those without symptoms. The document then reviews key testing technologies like RT-PCR, NGS, ELISA and their benefits/limitations. It outlines challenges like lack of standards and incomplete virus knowledge. Overall it provides a comprehensive overview of COVID-19 testing technologies and their role in addressing the global pandemic.
The patient presented with complaints of fever, cough and breathing difficulty for past 5 days. He also complained of body ache and fatigue. On further questioning, he revealed history of contact with a COVID-19 positive patient 5 days back.
OBJECTIVE EVIDENCE:
Neil leblanc f7 rapid methods call amsterdam may 2010sva-slu_oie-cc
The document summarizes a strategic meeting discussing the development and use of multiplex assays using Luminex technology. Methods allow the detection of up to 100 unique assays in a single sample, and have been used to detect and subtype pestiviruses, avian influenza viruses, African swine fever virus, and cytokines. The technology provides a sensitive and specific platform for pathogen identification and characterization applicable to diagnostic laboratories.
A original article presentation in journal club.
It gives you better idea how to present a research article.
A cross sectional study was conducted to compare two different methods first is rapid card test and other is real time pcr for the diagnosis of corona virus disease.
Foregene's detection solution to covid 19Maggie Ma
In response to the Covid-19, Foregene developes the RT-PCR kit within 3 days.Based on Direct PCR tech, test centers needn't buy extra nucleic acid extraction kit and machine, just do PCR directly.It's so economical way. This kit is CE certificated, and welcomed by 10+ countries with stable quality and competitive prices.
The variant nucleic acid detection kit for Brazil, UK,India,and South Africa is also available with high specificity and sensitivity.
Are you a medical device importer?
Welcome your enquiry. E-mail:maggie@foregene.com
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is the virus responsible for respiratory disease caused by a novel (new) coronavirus that was first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, later causing a global pandemic.
The virus is contagious and can be spread from humans to humans primarily through the exchange of mucus droplets that are expelled through sneezes or coughs.
The SARS-CoV-2 is a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. This outbreak is an important reminder that the global community must strengthen national and international programs for detection and response to future disease outbreaks.
buy carestart covid-19 Antigen test by bio Access Inc, EUA Approvel Letter by...HK HuZef
The document provides instructions for using the CareStart COVID-19 Antigen rapid diagnostic test. It is a lateral flow test intended to qualitatively detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein antigen in nasopharyngeal swabs. The test involves extracting the swab in buffer, adding drops of extracted sample to the test cassette, and reading results at 10 minutes. Positive results require lines in both the test and control lines, while negative results have only a control line.
The document discusses reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for COVID-19. It begins with an introduction to COVID-19 and that RT-PCR is the molecular assay used globally to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA. It then explains that RT-PCR can detect targeted genetic materials in real time using fluorescent dyes. The document outlines that RT-PCR targets three regions, and detects COVID-19 by monitoring amplification in real time and analyzing cycle threshold data, with results between 37-40 considered positive or negative. It concludes that RT-PCR remains the most sensitive technique for COVID-19 confirmation globally.
This document discusses the implementation of nucleic acid testing (NAT) in blood banks to improve transfusion safety. It notes that NAT screening can reduce the risk of transmitting infections like HIV and HCV during the "window period" between exposure and detection by standard serological tests. While NAT provides benefits, it also has challenges like high costs, complexity, and potential for false positives. The document reviews various NAT technologies used in blood banks and strategies for sample pooling to make high-throughput screening feasible. It examines the impact of NAT for different viruses based on their virological characteristics and window periods. Overall NAT screening has become a standard practice due to public pressure despite the technical and economic hurdles involved.
Accelerating COVID-19 Therapies: How a streamlined biosafety strategy can get...MilliporeSigma
Access the interactive recording: https://bit.ly/2xB2eRs
Abstract:
Vaccine and other biologic developers have long relied on traditional, growth-based methods for the detection of adventitious agents in a biosafety testing package. However, at a time where speed is of the essence, relying on testing methods that take many weeks is a real concern. Fortunately, alternative rapid detection methods can shorten timelines significantly — especially for Phase I testing. Here we will take you through these rapid alternatives and outline a testing strategy that can bring your therapy to the clinic faster.
Accelerating COVID-19 Therapies: How a streamlined biosafety strategy can get...Merck Life Sciences
Access the interactive recording: https://bit.ly/2xB2eRs
Abstract:
Vaccine and other biologic developers have long relied on traditional, growth-based methods for the detection of adventitious agents in a biosafety testing package. However, at a time where speed is of the essence, relying on testing methods that take many weeks is a real concern. Fortunately, alternative rapid detection methods can shorten timelines significantly — especially for Phase I testing. Here we will take you through these rapid alternatives and outline a testing strategy that can bring your therapy to the clinic faster.
Similar to Covid-19 Testing Kits Report - IntellectPeritus (20)
According to experts, home AC units do not pose any additional risk of Covid-19 infection, especially at a time when people are isolated inside their homes with no outside contact.
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Covid-19 Testing Kits Report - IntellectPeritus
1. Sample Report on
Corona virus
(Covid-19) Diagnostic
Testing Methods
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopying, recording, or inclusion in any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of IntellectPeritus
Services.
At IntellectPeritus, we have collected around 100 diagnostic kits
(used in SARS-COV-2 diagnosis) and around 50 patent documents
as sample report and have tried to put value added technology
categories to generate specific insights quickly using our
deliverable InnovigenceCorona®
.
We created few insights based on the details of sample report. If
you are interested in complete or any customized report for SARS-
COV-2 diagnostic kits please feel free to write to us.
2. The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the corona virus pandemic, is an
ongoing pandemic of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) caused by severe
acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2).
Though several trials for candidate vaccines and potential therapies are
underway, there is currently no cure, and in the absence of either proven
effective therapy or a vaccine, diagnostic testing becomes a valuable tool.
Testing is our window onto the pandemic and how it is spreading. Without
data on who is infected by the virus we have no way of understanding the
pandemic. Without this data we cannot know which countries are doing well,
and which are just underreporting cases and deaths.
At IntellectPeritus, we have collected around 100 diagnostic kits (used in
SARS-COV-2 diagnosis) and around 50 patent documents as sample report
and have tried to put value added technology categories to generate specific
insights quickly using our deliverable “Innovigence Corona”.
Introduction
If you are interested in detailed or any customized report for SARS-COV-2 diagnostic kits
please feel free to write to us at sales@intellectperitus.com
To schedule online meeting/demo please visit https://intellectperitus.com/request_demo.php
3. Sample Diagnostic Kits Approved by FDA (USA) as well as CE
(Europe)
1. Real-Time Fluorescent RT-PCR Kit for Detecting SARS-CoV-2
Assignee BGI Genomics Co Ltd
Application
Real-Time Fluorescent RT-PCR kit for
detecting 2019-nCoV(SARS-CoV-2) is a
qualitative in vitro nucleic acid amplification
assay used to detect SARS-CoV-2 using
reverse transcription PCR
Link Product Details
Mapped Technology:
Sample Product Details
4. 2. Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 Test
Assignee Cepheid Inc
Application
Automated molecular Xpert Xpress SARS-
CoV-2 test can be used for qualitative
detection of SARS-CoV-2
Link Product Details
Mapped Technology:
5. 3. SARS-CoV-2 Fluorescent PCR Kit
Assignee Maccura Biotechnology LLC
Application
SARS-CoV-2 Fluorescent PCR Kit is
qualitative assay that allows detection of
nucleic acids in samples from patients who
meet COVID-19 (coronavirus)
Link Product Details
Mapped Technology:
6. 4. TaqPath COVID-19 Combo Kit
Assignee Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc
Application
TaqPath COVID-19 Combo Kit used for
detection of ORF1ab, N, S of novel SARS-
CoV-2 virus
Link Product Details
Mapped Technology:
7. 5. NeuMoDx SARS-CoV-2 Assay
Assignee NeuMoDx Molecular Inc
Application
NeuMoDx SARS-CoV-2 Assay used for
detection of SARS-CoV-2
Link Product Details
Mapped Technology:
8. 1. CN111060691A
Title
Detecting COVID-19 of the fluorescent immunochromatographic device and use method
thereof
Assignee Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co Ltd
Publication Date 2020-04-24
Summary: Fluorescence immunochromatographic assay device for detecting novel coronavirus COVID-19
comprises
(A) Test strip with sequentially connected sample pad, binding pad, reaction pad and water absorption pad, where
(i) Binding pad is coated with
(i.a) Novel coronavirus NP protein monoclonal antibody marked by europium microspheres
(i.b) Rabbit IgG antibody marked by europium microspheres
(ii) Reaction pad has detection line and quality control line sequentially arranged on it
(ii.a) Detection line is coated with novel coronavirus/ SARS coronavirus NP protein monoclonal antibody
(ii.b) Reaction pad is Millipore 180 nitrocellulose membrane
(ii.c) Quality control line is coated with goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody
(iii) Sample pad is glass fiber membrane or a nonwoven fabric or a filter paper subjected to an immersion
treatment
(B) Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay analyzer
Method of using fluorescence immunochromatographic device comprises:
(A) Adding sample into sample diluent to obtain sample solution
(i) Sample comprises nasopharyngeal swab, sputum, alveolar lavage, blood, urine
(B) Adding proper amount of sample solution onto sample pad of test strip
(C) Detecting by using time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay analyzer
Mapped Technology:
Sample Patent Details
9. 2. CN111024954A
Title
Colloidal gold immunity chromatography device of joint detection of COVID-19 antigen and
antibody and its using method
Assignee Shenzhen Bioeasy Biotechnology Co Ltd
Publication Date 2020-04-17
Summary: Method of using colloidal gold immunochromatographic device comprises steps of:
(1) Dripping proper amount of blood sample solution on sample pads of COVID-19 antigen detection test strip
and COVID-19 antibody detection test strip
(2) Judging after a period of time, whether sample contains novel coronavirus COVID-19 antigen and novel
coronavirus COVID-19 antibody according to color development conditions of detection line and quality control
line, where judgment method comprises following steps:
(a) For COVID-19 antigen detection test strip
(i) Positive: First quality control line and first detection line both present red bands: Indicates sample contains
novel coronavirus COVID-19 antigen (ii) Negative: First quality control line presents red strip and first detection
line does not present red strip indicates: Sample does not contain novel coronavirus COVID-19 antigen (iii) Failure:
First quality control line and first detection line do not present red strips or only present red strips: Indicates
COVID-19 antigen detection test strip is invalid
(b) For COVID-19 antibody detection test strip
(i) Positive: Second quality control line and second detection line both present red bands, and third detection line
does not present red bands indicates: Sample contains novel coronavirus COVID-19 IgM antibody (ii) Second
quality control line and third detection line both present red bands, and second detection line does not present
red bands indicates: Sample contains the novel coronavirus COVID-19 IgG antibody (iii) Negative: Second quality
control line presents red strip, and second detection line and third detection line do not present red strips
indicates: Sample does not contain novel coronavirus COVID-19 antibody (iv) Failure: Second quality control line,
second detection line and third detection line do not present red strips or second quality control line does not
present red strips: Indicates COVID-19 antibody detection test strip is invalid
Mapped Technology:
10. 3. CN110982944A
Title Novel coronavirus visual temperature fast detection kit
Assignee Institute of Animal Sciences of CAAS
Publication Date 2020-04-10
Summary: Kit for visual constant-temperature rapid detection of novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV by LAMP method,
comprising (1) Loop primers loop F and loop B as shown in SEQ ID NOS: 5-6 (2) Bst DNA polymerase (3) dNTPs (4)
Trehalose (5) OG dye (6) Tris HCl (7) TrionX-100 and Mg-containing 2+At least one of reaction buffer (8) Standard
positive template
Method for detection of novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV for non-diagnostic purposes, comprising
(1) Dissolve 50 mg of OG lyophilized reaction reagent in 650 [mu]l reaction buffer to obtain OG reaction reagent,
where (a) Composition of the reaction buffer is as follows: Tris-HCl 20 mM, pH 8.8, MgSO 46 mM, Trion X-100 0.1
% (b) Optimal reaction condition for performing LAMP amplification reaction is: 60 DEGREE C for 30 minutes
(2) Then add 20 [mu]l ddH2O to bottom of reaction tube
(3) Add 20 [mu]l OG reagent, where (a) Composition of OG freeze-dried reaction reagent is as follows: Bst 4.0
DNA polymerase, 0.4U/[mu]l dNTPs, 0.2 [mu]M trehalose 10 %, primer F3 4 [mu]M, primer B3 4 [mu]M, primer FIP
32 [mu]M, primer BIP 32 [mu]M, loop primer LoopF 16 [mu]M, loop primer LoopB 16 [mu]M, Among them, primer
F3, primer B3, primer FIP, primer BIP, The sequence of loop primer LoopF and loop primer LoopB are shown in
SEQ ID NO: 1-6, respectively
(4) Then add 20 [mu]l sample to be tested
(5) Mix and add 10 [mu]l OG dye to carry out LAMP amplification reaction and color reaction
(6) Amplification result judgment: if the reaction system changes from orange to green, it indicates test sample
contains new coronavirus 2019-nCoV
Mapped Technology:
11. 4. CN111074007A
Title
A constant-temperature amplification kit and primer probe set for detecting SARS-COV-2
virus
Assignee Shanghai Difectome Testing Laboratory Co Ltd
Publication Date 2020-04-28
Summary: Isothermal amplification kit for detecting SARS-COV-2 virus comprises
(A) Inactivating lysate
(B) Constant temperature amplification system consisting of
(i) Reaction buffer Buffer A
(ii) Magnesium acetate Buffer B
(iii) Negative control
(iv) Nuclease-free water
(v) Primer probe set in dry powder form
(vi) RAA enzyme in dry powder form whcih comprises
(vi.a) Reverse transcriptase, strand displacement DNA polymerase, recombinase, single-stranded DNA binding
protein, NFO enzyme
(C) Nucleic acid detection test strip
Mapped Technology:
12. 5. CN111089962A
Title
Colloidal gold kit for jointly detecting novel coronavirus IgM/IgG antibody and preparation
method
Assignee Zhongshan Bio-tech Co Ltd
Publication Date 2020-05-01
Summary: Colloidal gold kit for joint detection of novel coronavirus IgM/IgG antibodies, comprising
(A) Box body, adhesive bracket (1) located in box body, and sample pad (2) pasted on extension bracket (1)
sequentially
(B) Gold standard pad (3) contains gold label N protein, where
(a) Gold-labeled N protein is novel coronavirus nucleocapsid protein labeled with colloidal gold containing 6xHis
tags, where
(a) Mouse anti 6xHis monoclonal antibody is coated on quality control line (43)
(C) NC membrane (4)
(D) Sample suction pad (5)
(E) IgM detection line (41) coated with mouse anti-human U-chain monoclonal antibody
(F) IgG detection are provided on side of NC membrane (4) near gold standard pad (3) Line (42), where
(a) IgG detection mouse anti-human IgG monoclonal antibody is coated on line (42)
(G) Quality control line (43) is provided on side of NC membrane (4) close to suction pad
Mapped Technology:
13. Empowering Clients with strategic & customized
“IP” solutions clubbed with industry leading
Analytics Deliverable Platforms
innovigenceCorona®
&
innovigenceCoronium®
Landscape & Portfolio report includes insights representing various Patent Analytics Activities such as…
Patent filing trend as over Timeline (Year) and geographical region (Including all family member patents & analyzed
patents)
Research Country Analysis (Invention Origin Country) and Competition/Marketing Country Analysis as geographical
coverage over Time (filing) & Assignee
Assignee Analysis as Top Assignees, Top Assignee filing trend, Filing Assignee/Organization type, Assignee - Law firm
association all including Parent-subsidiary relationship criteria
Inventor Analysis as Key Inventor(s) filing over geographical region & with Assignee(s) and Independent / Self Inventors
Prosecution Analysis as Assignee Portfolio (Granted & Pending), Assignee Analysis Over Country Wise Granted Patents
and Assignee Analysis Over Correspondent
Patent Class Analysis as Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) (Top over Timeline, Assignee & definition) and
International Patent Classification (IPC) (Top over Timeline, Assignee & definition)
Technology over top assignee trends
Technology Co-occurrence Matrix provides facility for easily identify the patents / patent filings which are claiming more
than one technology categories
14. ABOUT US:
IntellectPeritus is a recognized IP, Technology & Legal consulting company, assisting world leading organizations and IAM law firms
with the finest quality of results, reliable, on demand & on time comprehensive solutions & strategies to support clients’ business
challenges and opportunities.
Our eminent focus on providing excellent quality of research & analysis (patent & non-patent) clubbed with interactive, secure, web
based industry leading tools InnovigenceCoronium
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& InnovigenceCorona
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to all our clients, with only goal to fill the gap between
quality analysis and interpretation of conclusive results to make smarter business decisions, by providing Innovative Intelligence
(INNOVIGENCE
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), that you can trust.
OUR SERVICES:
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Infringement, Chemical Structure, Bio-sequence Technology co-occurrence / white-space analysis
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