This slides will help you to understand corporate governance and e-governance.

1. Corporate Governance and
E-Governance
WELCOME TO

2. Course Title: Governance Process and Dynamics
Course No: 501
Group 10
Maruf Hossain – 2116020
S.M. Mamdudur Rahman – 2116014
Injamam-Ul-Haque – 2116012
Md. Saiful Bari – 2116063
Mohammad Nowshad Akram – 2116047
Akter Hosen Samu – 2116013

3. Speaker: Maruf Hossain - 2116020
Topic:
Definition, Benefit and
four pile of Corporate Governance

4. Corporate Governance
Corporate governance is the collection of mechanisms,
processes and relations used by various parties to
control and to operate a corporation.
Governance structures and principles identify the
distribution of rights and responsibilities among different
participants in the corporation.
Since corporate governance also provides the framework for attaining a company's objectives. It contains
practically action plans, risk assessment, monitoring and internal control and compliance for performance
measurement and smoothly functioning of corporate disclosure.
The issue of governance began with the beginning of corporations, dating back to the East India
Company, the Hudson’s Bay Company, during the 16th and 17th centuries. while the concept of corporate
didn’t come into vogue until the 1970s but now a days this issue has been a hot topic among academic
experts, regulators, executives and investors.

5. Benefits of Corporate Governance
 Good corporate governance ensures corporate success and economic growth.
 Strong corporate governance maintains investors’ confidence, as a result of which, company can
raise capital efficiently and effectively.
 It provides proper inducement to the owners as well as
managers to achieve objectives that are in interests of
the shareholders and the organization.
 Good corporate governance ensures corporate success
and economic growth.
 It helps in brand formation and development.
 It ensures organization in managed in a manner that fits
the best interests of all.

6. Four Pillars of Corporate Governance
 Accountability
in terms of ethics and governance,
is equated with answerability,
blameworthiness, liability, and the
expectation of account-giving. As
in an aspect of governance, it has
been central to discussions related
to problems in the public sector,
nonprofit and private and
individual contexts
 Transparency
Transparency “means having
nothing to hide” corporate
governance framework should
ensure that timely and
accurate disclosure is made
on all matters regarding the
company, including its
financial situation,
performance, ownership, and
governance structure.
 Fairness
Fairness means treating all stakeholders including
minorities, reasonably, equitably and provide effective
redress for violations.
 Independence
An effective system of corporate governance must strive to
channel the self-interests of managers, directors, and the
advisers upon whom they rely, into alignment with
corporate, shareholder and public interests.

7. S.M. Mamdudur Rahman – 2116014
Topic:
Principles of Corporate Governance
&Disadvantages of Corporate
Governance

8. Principles of Corporate Governance
 Sustainable development of all stake holders- to ensure
growth of all individuals associated with or effected by
the enterprise on sustainable basis.
 Effective management and distribution of wealth – to
ensue that enterprise creates maximum wealth and
judiciously uses. the wealth is created for providing
maximum benefits to all stake holders and enhancing
creation capabilities to maintain sustainability.

9. Principles of Corporate Governance
 Discharge of social responsibility- to ensure that enterprise is acceptable to the
society in which it is functioning.
 Application of best management practices- to ensure excellence in functioning of
enterprise and optimum creation of wealth on sustainable basis.
 Compliance of law in letter & spirit- to ensure value enhancement for all
stakeholders guaranteed by the law for maintaining socio-economic balance.
 Adherence to ethical standards- to ensure integrity, transparency, independence
and accountability in dealings with all stakeholders

10. Disadvantages of Corporate Governance
 Increased Costs
 Principal Agent Conflict
 Insider trading
 Misrepresentation of Information

11. Speaker: Injamam-Ul-Haque – 2116012
Topic:
Elements of Corporate Governance

12. Elements of Corporate Governance
 Good Board practices
 Control Environment
 Transparent disclosure
 Well-defined shareholder rights
 Board commitment

13. Good Board Practices
• Clearly defined roles and authorities
• Duties and responsibilities of Directors understood
• Board is well structured
• Appropriate composition and mix of skills
• Appropriate Board procedures
• Director Remuneration in line with best practice
• Board self-evaluation and training conducted

14. Control Environment
• Internal control procedures
• Independent audit committee established
• Risk management framework present
• Internal Audit Function
• Disaster recovery systems in place
• Management Information systems established
• Media management techniques in use
• Compliance Function established
• Business continuity procedures in place
• Independent external auditor e conducts audit

15. Transparent Disclosure
 Financial Information disclosed
• Non-Financial Information disclosed
• Financials prepared according to International
 Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
• Companies Registry filings up to date
• High-Quality annual report published
• Web-based disclosure

16. Speaker: Md. Saiful Bari – 2116063
Topic:
Elements of Corporate Governance and
Other Entities

17. Well-Defined Shareholder Rights
• Minority shareholder rights formalised
• Well-organised shareholder meetings
• Policy on related party transactions
• Policy on extraordinary transactions
• Clearly defined and explicit dividend policy

18. Board Commitment
• The Board discusses corporate governance issues and has created a
 corporate governance committee
• The company has a corporate governance champion
• A corporate governance improvement plan has been created
• Appropriate resources are committed to corporate governance initiatives
• Policies and procedures have been formalised and distributed to relevant
 staff
• A corporate governance code has been developed
• A code of ethics has been developed
• The company is recognised as a corporate governance leader

19. Other Entities
 Corporate Governance applies to all types of
 organisations not just companies in the
 private sector but also in the not for profit and
 public sectors
 Examples are NGOs, schools, hospitals, pension funds,
state-owned enterprises

20. Speaker: Mohammad Nowshad Akram – 2116047
Topic:
Definition and Advantage of
E-Governance

21. E-Governance Definition
 Electronic-governance (e-governance in short) involves the use of
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and its numerous
applications by the government for the provision of information and e-
services (that is services by electronic means) to the citizens of the
country.
 Broadly speaking, e-governance can be referred to as the uses and
applications of ICT in public administration to conduct processes to
effectively manage data and information to enhance public service
delivery for empowerment of the citizens.
 Digital developments of recent years like online services, big data, social
media, mobile apps, cloud computing etc. now influence people and the
government tremendously.

22. Advantages Of E-Governance
 Use of e-governance can make public administration fast and effective, provide better
services, and respond to the demands of transparency and accountability.
 It can help the government to go green by effective management of natural resources
aiding sustainability to environment.
 E-governance stimulates economic growth and promotes social inclusion of disabled
and vulnerable sections of society.
 E-governance can provide benefits in the form of new employment, better health, better
education, knowledge sharing, skills developments and capacity building for sustainable
development.
 Quick and fast e-services eliminate middlemen and save both time and money. Without
such online services, our cities and towns would have turned into more difficult places
to live and the transport services would have been impossible to manage.

23. E-Governance and e-government
 E-governance deals with the board spectrum of the relation and networking in a government for uses and
applications of ICT. E-governance defines and assesses the impact of technology on administration of a
government and the relations between government offices and communication of the government with
different segments of society. E-governance encompasses steps and actions of government agencies to
develop and administer with a view to ensure implementation of e-government services to the public.
 On the other hand, e-government (short for electronic government) is actually a narrower discipline dealing
with the development of online services to the citizens. Examples of e-government services are e-tax, e-
transportation, e-health and the like. E-government is also termed as e-go, Internet government, digital
government, online government, connected government by different authors and agencies. E-government
encompasses online interactions between citizens and government (C2G), between government and
agencies (G2G), between government and citizens (G2C), between government and employees (G2E),
between government and business (G2B) etc. Basically e-government refers to the utilization of ICT including
web-based communications to enhance speed, efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery by the
government to the citizens of different sections of society

24. Speaker: Akter Hosen Samu – 2116013
Topic:
Types of interactions in e-governance

25. There are 4 kinds of interactions in e-governance.

26. G2C is transaction between government and citizens.
It’s includes,
# Basic citizens services such as online
registration, birth/death/marriage
certificates
# Health care, education services.
# Filling of Income taxes. Etc.
Example: The example of Government to
citizens is that
“bangladesh.gov.bd”
Bangladesh National Portal
G2C (Government to Citizens) - Interaction between
the government and the citizens.

27. G2G is the electronic sharing of data or information systems between
government agencies, departments or organizations. The goal of G2G is to
support e-government initiatives by improving
communication, data access and data
sharing.
It includes,
# Records by the individual
sector/department.
# Schemes, plan, Initiatives
Example: The example of
Government to Government is that
“www.beza.gov.bd”
Bangladesh Economic Zones Authority
G2G (Government to Government)

28. G2G is transaction between government and Employee.
It includes,
# Online conference for employee.
# Online Training
# Employee information
Example: The example of
Government to Employee is that
“bef.org.bd”
Bangladesh Employers' Federation
G2E (Government to Employee)

29. G2B refers to the relationships between organizations of public
administration and enterprises. Government selling to business and
providing them with services and business selling products and
services to government. The relationship is two way; G2B and B2G.
Example: Government auction
equipment surpluses or other goods and
vehicles. The auctions are now moving to
the internet. These can be done using
government web site “Bangladesh Customs”
(www.bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd/procedures/auction/)
Or they can use third party auction sites
such as “bdnilam.com”
G2B (Government to Business)

30. Any
Question?