This document discusses coronavirus and COVID-19. It defines coronaviruses as common viruses that cause respiratory infections, and explains that COVID-19 is a new strain first identified in China in 2019. The document outlines that coronaviruses can be transmitted between animals and humans, shares symptoms like cough and fever, and recommends preventative measures like hand washing.

1. Coronavirus Disease 2019
Dr.Shyamsundar Lokhande
Master of Public Health Nutrition
Dr.Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College,Nanded

2. Coronavirus
A coronavirus is a kind of common virus that causes an infection in your
nose, sinuses, or upper throat. Most coronaviruses aren't dangerous.

3. • Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that cause illness
ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such
as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a
new strain that has not been previously identified in humans.
• Coronaviruses are zoonotic, meaning they are transmitted between
animals and people. Detailed investigations found that SARS-CoV was
transmitted from civet cats to humans and MERS-CoV from
dromedary camels to humans. Several known coronaviruses are
circulating in animals that have not yet infected humans.

7. What Is a Coronavirus?
• Coronaviruses were first identified in the 1960s, but we don't know
where they come from. They get their name from their crown-like
shape. Sometimes, but not often, a coronavirus can infect both
animals and humans.

8. STRUCTURE OF CORONA VIRUS

9. • Most coronaviruses spread the same way other cold-causing viruses
do: through infected people coughing and sneezing, by touching an
infected person's hands or face, or by touching things such as
doorknobs that infected people have touched.
• Almost everyone gets a coronavirus infection at least once in their
life, most likely as a young child. In the United States, coronaviruses
are more common in the fall and winter, but anyone can come down
with a coronavirus infection at any time.

10. COVID-19:
• In early 2020, after a December 2019 outbreak in China, the World
Health Organization (WHO) identified a new type, 2019 novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which can be fatal. The organization named
the virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-
2) and named the disease it causes COVID-19. The outbreak quickly
moved from China around the world. Symptoms of COVID-19 include
fever, cough, and shortness of breath.

11. Common Symptoms of Coronavirus
• The symptoms of most coronaviruses are similar to any other upper respiratory
infection, including runny nose, coughing, sore throat, and sometimes a fever. In
most cases, you won't know whether you have a coronavirus or a different cold-
causing virus, such as rhinovirus.
• Common signs of infection include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of
breath and breathing difficulties. In more severe cases, infection can cause
pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure and even death.
• Standard recommendations to prevent infection spread include regular hand
washing, covering mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing, thoroughly
cooking meat and eggs. Avoid close contact with anyone showing symptoms of
respiratory illness such as coughing and sneezing.

12. RECOMMENDATIONS AND ADVICE FOR THE PUBLIC
• During previous outbreaks due to other coronavirus (Middle-East Respiratory
Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), human-to-
human transmission occurred through droplets, contact and fomites, suggesting
that the transmission mode of the 2019-nCoV can be similar. The basic principles
to reduce the general risk of transmission of acute respiratory infections include
the following:
• Avoiding close contact with people suffering from acute respiratory infections.
• Frequent hand-washing, especially after direct contact with ill people or their
environment.
• Avoiding unprotected contact with farm or wild animals.
• People with symptoms of acute respiratory infection should practice cough
etiquette (maintain distance, cover coughs and sneezes with disposable tissues or
clothing, and wash hands).
• Within health care facilities, enhance standard infection prevention and control
practices in hospitals, especially in emergency departments.

27. THANK YOU