New Mexico has a population of over 2 million people and its capital is Santa Fe. It was first explored by Spanish in 1540 and Santa Fe was established as the capital in 1610. Major industries include mining, oil and gas extraction, and tourism. Famous tourist attractions include Carlsbad Caverns, White Sands National Monument, and Chaco Canyon. The state's flag represents its Spanish colonial history and its animal, bird, and reptile symbols are the black bear, greater roadrunner, and New Mexico whiptail lizard.