This document discusses the biological control of plant diseases using fungi and bacteria. It describes how the fungi Gliocladium virens, Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, and Paecilomyces lilacinus can control various soil-borne pathogens such as Pythium, Fusarium, and nematodes. It also explains that the bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens, Streptomyces sp., and Agrobacterium radiobacter strain 84 are effective for controlling fungi like Pythium, Rhizoctonia, and preventing infection from A. tumefaciens. Images are provided showing structures of the pathogens and biological control agents.
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). This bacterium is also a key source of genes for transgenic expression to provide pest resistance in plants and microorganisms as pest control agents in so-called genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
Titulo Ponencia: Endophytes Identification: morphological methods
Autor: Dr. Gary Strobel
Evento TF Innova:
Workshop Biotechnology "Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants"
Exploitation of endophytic fungi for plant disease management
Introduction
Plant- Endophytic fungi interaction
Diversity of endophytic fungi in plants
Colonization
Endophytic fungi : Mechanism
Case studies
Conclusion
Future aspects
Endophytic fungi in disease resistance (Latz et al., 2018)
Antibiotics produced by fungal endophytes
Plant immune defense system
Lytic enzyme secretion
Endophytic fungi in stress tolerance
Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop commercial productsPrograma TF Innova
Ponencia: Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop commercial products
Autor: Dr. Gary Strobel
Evento TF Innova: Workshop Biotechnology "Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants"
Bt Toxin Science - Everything You Want to Know about, "WHY It's Not Safe?"Burning Brain Society
Dr. Purnananda Guptasarma, Ph.D (Professor & Head, Dept. of Biological Sciences @ IISER Mohali) speaks in a Public Debate on January 24, 2014 at MICROCON on "Why Bt is Not Safe?" during a Public Debate on GMO's.
You need to understand this to understand What's Wrong with Bt. GMO's.
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). This bacterium is also a key source of genes for transgenic expression to provide pest resistance in plants and microorganisms as pest control agents in so-called genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
Titulo Ponencia: Endophytes Identification: morphological methods
Autor: Dr. Gary Strobel
Evento TF Innova:
Workshop Biotechnology "Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants"
Exploitation of endophytic fungi for plant disease management
Introduction
Plant- Endophytic fungi interaction
Diversity of endophytic fungi in plants
Colonization
Endophytic fungi : Mechanism
Case studies
Conclusion
Future aspects
Endophytic fungi in disease resistance (Latz et al., 2018)
Antibiotics produced by fungal endophytes
Plant immune defense system
Lytic enzyme secretion
Endophytic fungi in stress tolerance
Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop commercial productsPrograma TF Innova
Ponencia: Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop commercial products
Autor: Dr. Gary Strobel
Evento TF Innova: Workshop Biotechnology "Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants"
Bt Toxin Science - Everything You Want to Know about, "WHY It's Not Safe?"Burning Brain Society
Dr. Purnananda Guptasarma, Ph.D (Professor & Head, Dept. of Biological Sciences @ IISER Mohali) speaks in a Public Debate on January 24, 2014 at MICROCON on "Why Bt is Not Safe?" during a Public Debate on GMO's.
You need to understand this to understand What's Wrong with Bt. GMO's.
Plant growth-promoting mechanisms of endophytesThe Tiny Domain
The global changes in climate and increasing population have unfortunate effects in food production and will become insufficient to feed the world. The green revolution could alleviate poor crop production by using high yielding varieties and use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals. But excessive use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals has resulted in the deterioration of soil fertility. Hence, agronomic practices are moving toward sustainable and environment friendly approach.
Identification of Race/strain of Phytopathogenic Fungi through Conventional A...Sarda Konjengbam
Detection and identification of fungi has relied on a combination of microscopy and culture based techniques. Conventional methods often rely on identification of disease symptoms, isolation and culturing of environmental organisms, and laboratory identification by morphology and biochemical tests. These methods, although the cornerstone of fungal diagnostics, can lead to problems in identification, resulting in incorrect interpretation, diagnosis and ultimately treatment. The methods rely on experienced, skilled laboratory staff, the ability of the organism to be cultured, are time consuming, non quantitative, prone to contamination and error and often delay management (Atkins and Clark, 2004). During the last decades, the advent of molecular biology promised to offer radical alternatives in the detection and enumeration of fungal pathogens. Molecular technology increases understanding of the biology and population structures of plant pathogens, provides quick and accurate answers to epidemiological questions about plant diseases, and supports disease management decisions. New, rapid screening methods are being developed and increasingly used in all aspects of fungal diagnostics.
The present study has been conducted to perform the following objectives:
1- Study the effect of different temperature degrees and meristem culture technique on elimination of Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and Potato virus x (PVX), from the most commonly potato cultivars in Egypt (Spunta and Lady Rosette).
2- Production of potato minitubers from direct transplanting of in vitro virus-free plantlets in greenhouse. Also, investigate the effect of different soil mixtures on minitubers production for both cultivars.
Bio-control agents:Insecticidal toxins of Bacillus thuringiensisManisha G
This presentation is all about bio control agents, stressing more about the use of insecticidal toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis as potent biocontrol agent.
FACEBOOK/Agriculture Delhi
www.facebook.com/AgricultureDelhi
Somesh Jha, M.Sc.(Agri.) Plant Pathology is a Delhi based Freelance Agroconsultant who has been active in the sector of Agro, Retail and Agri Business consultancy for more than 17 years and has also served companies like Vishal Retail, Reliance Retail, Aadhaar Retailing(Future Group),Godrej Agrovet Ltd., Pragya (NGO) at various managerial levels. Carried out Capacity Building training programs for a reputed agri input company. Skills training of sales team in paddy and wheat belt such as Sangrur, Bathinda, Hanumangarh, Jaipur and Jodhpur. Carried out Behavioral Training program as a Freelance Trainer with a NSDC partner company, for one of the reputed hybrid seed company. Skills training of sales team in cotton belt of Punjab and Haryana regions
Gut microflora and their role in susceptibility of lepidopteran pests to baci...Prema Latha
This topic to be covered Types of insect-microbe interactions, Microbial diversity in insects, Role of gut microflora on the susceptibility of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Mode of Action of Bt, Role of gut microflora on the susceptibility of Bt and more case studies supported to this topic.
Plant growth-promoting mechanisms of endophytesThe Tiny Domain
The global changes in climate and increasing population have unfortunate effects in food production and will become insufficient to feed the world. The green revolution could alleviate poor crop production by using high yielding varieties and use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals. But excessive use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals has resulted in the deterioration of soil fertility. Hence, agronomic practices are moving toward sustainable and environment friendly approach.
Identification of Race/strain of Phytopathogenic Fungi through Conventional A...Sarda Konjengbam
Detection and identification of fungi has relied on a combination of microscopy and culture based techniques. Conventional methods often rely on identification of disease symptoms, isolation and culturing of environmental organisms, and laboratory identification by morphology and biochemical tests. These methods, although the cornerstone of fungal diagnostics, can lead to problems in identification, resulting in incorrect interpretation, diagnosis and ultimately treatment. The methods rely on experienced, skilled laboratory staff, the ability of the organism to be cultured, are time consuming, non quantitative, prone to contamination and error and often delay management (Atkins and Clark, 2004). During the last decades, the advent of molecular biology promised to offer radical alternatives in the detection and enumeration of fungal pathogens. Molecular technology increases understanding of the biology and population structures of plant pathogens, provides quick and accurate answers to epidemiological questions about plant diseases, and supports disease management decisions. New, rapid screening methods are being developed and increasingly used in all aspects of fungal diagnostics.
The present study has been conducted to perform the following objectives:
1- Study the effect of different temperature degrees and meristem culture technique on elimination of Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and Potato virus x (PVX), from the most commonly potato cultivars in Egypt (Spunta and Lady Rosette).
2- Production of potato minitubers from direct transplanting of in vitro virus-free plantlets in greenhouse. Also, investigate the effect of different soil mixtures on minitubers production for both cultivars.
Bio-control agents:Insecticidal toxins of Bacillus thuringiensisManisha G
This presentation is all about bio control agents, stressing more about the use of insecticidal toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis as potent biocontrol agent.
FACEBOOK/Agriculture Delhi
www.facebook.com/AgricultureDelhi
Somesh Jha, M.Sc.(Agri.) Plant Pathology is a Delhi based Freelance Agroconsultant who has been active in the sector of Agro, Retail and Agri Business consultancy for more than 17 years and has also served companies like Vishal Retail, Reliance Retail, Aadhaar Retailing(Future Group),Godrej Agrovet Ltd., Pragya (NGO) at various managerial levels. Carried out Capacity Building training programs for a reputed agri input company. Skills training of sales team in paddy and wheat belt such as Sangrur, Bathinda, Hanumangarh, Jaipur and Jodhpur. Carried out Behavioral Training program as a Freelance Trainer with a NSDC partner company, for one of the reputed hybrid seed company. Skills training of sales team in cotton belt of Punjab and Haryana regions
Gut microflora and their role in susceptibility of lepidopteran pests to baci...Prema Latha
This topic to be covered Types of insect-microbe interactions, Microbial diversity in insects, Role of gut microflora on the susceptibility of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Mode of Action of Bt, Role of gut microflora on the susceptibility of Bt and more case studies supported to this topic.
MANAGEMENT OF SOIL BORNE PATHOGENS OF VEGETABLE CROPS UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVA...Mayur Thesiya
MANAGEMENT OF SOIL BORNE PATHOGENS OF VEGETABLE CROPS UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVATION
Soilborne pathogens and nematodes are very destructive in vegetables crops and one of the most limiting factors to farmers income. Soil fumigation has been an essential component of greenhouses crops since the 1960s. Growing vegetables without soil fumigants has remained a challenge, in part because commercially acceptable eggplant cultivars produced through conventional breeding lack resistance to many soil borne plant pathogens. Grafting cultivars with high quality and productivity on rootstocks that are resistant to soil pests and diseases is a method known for years ago, but which was improved and quickly spread in the last years. The objective of the researches was to evaluate the performance of the eggplant grafting on the some rootstocks in greenhouse conditions, alone and in combination with soil fumigation using metham sodium. Data obtained in the combinations scion/rootstock and not grafted eggplants were compared with data recorded where the metham sodium fumigant was used and as well as with the combinations grafted eggplants planted in soil disinfested with metham sodium. The marketable yield, fruits quality, frequency and root galling index of soilborne disease and nematodes, in the experimental variants were determined and calculated. Grafting process combined with the metham sodium soil disinfestation led to significant reduction in the incidence of attack produced by soilborne disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, Verticillium dahlia) and nematodes (Meloidogine incognita).
The study was carried out with the aim of sourcing for bacteria from the natural environment having antifungal capabilities to control and inhibit postharvest fungal spoilage of fruits and vegetables caused by Botrytis cinerea. Soil and water samples were collected from Heriot Watt University environment and Dr Ruth Fowler’s garden and inoculated using the spread plate technique; identification was carried out using Microbact Identification kits; and isolates assayed for antifungal activities against Botrytis cinerea. Forty eight bacteria species were isolated out of which sixteen (16) belonging to genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Escherichia, Burkholderia, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Proteus showed antifungal activities. Bacteria species Pseudomonas stutzeri and Burkholderia cepacia had the highest zones of inhibition with average radii of 3.06 and 3.20 cm respectively. The bacteria had the potential to inhibit mycelial and spore growth at varying levels thus making them possible candidates for further tests and studies. Considering the aim of the study, further research into identifying these antifungal isolates inhibitory compounds and metabolites is highly recommended.
We believe that many challenges faced in agriculture can be resolved or at least predicted to reduce adverse effects. This can be achieved with good domain specific knowledge and having mathematical modeling of the challenge, based on past history or from past learning of the farming, and from the day to day data that we collect through different sensors.
Inhibition of bacterial soft rot (Research Paper)Tony Ng
Bacterial soft rot has caused more crop losses worldwide than any other bacterial disease. Current methods of inhibiting bacterial soft rot, such as using chemicals, proved to be inefficient and not environmentally-friendly. In order to develop a more environmentally-friendly and cost effective product to curb bacterial soft rot, tannic acid and green tea extract were tested for their effectiveness against the plant pathogen and causative agent for soft rot, Pectobacterium carotovorum.
Potential of Entomopathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis as Plant Growth Promotin...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Bacillus thuringiensis has been used as an effective bioinsecticide because it produces the proteins Cry and Cyt, which are highly toxic to insects in certain situations. However, recently, B. thuringiensis was used as a biological control agent that can suppress plant disease. In this study, the antagonistic activities of B. thuringiensisAS17 japonensisand AS18 kurstaki against the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL) were examined using a dual culture technique. Furthermore, B. thuringiensis strains suppressed the development of wilt symptoms caused by FOL in tomato plants. After inoculating six strains of B. thuringiensis suspension following inoculation of FOL, the development of wilt symptoms became less than control, especially with B. thuringiensisAS17 japonensis and AS20 CR371-H. Furthermore, we proved that B. thuringiensis strains are plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that can promote plant growth. Seed germination and shoot elongation were promoted by treating the tomato seeds with a bacterial culture filtrate and a bacterial suspension.
Tècnica que consiste en:
A. Remosiòn de plagas y òrganos afectados
B. Destrucciòn
C. Exclusiòn por medio de barreras
C1. Embolsado de frutos
C2. Impregnar los troncos con adhesivos especiales
C3. Zanjas para insectos no voladores
D. Trampas
1. UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS
CARRERA DE INGENIERÌA AGRONÒMICA
CONTROL BIOLÒGICO DE ENFERMEDADES DE
LAS PLANTAS
Franklin Santillàn S.
Ing Agr. M.Sc.
3. Pythium sp.
Conidias de Fusarium sp.
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Tobacco/tdin008/Tb08Pythium-
structures01.html
http://www.doctorfungus.org/imageban/images/init_images/241MIKE.JPG
4. Trichoderma viride y T. harzianum
Controlan
hongos de
suelo
causantes del
mal de
semilleros.
http://www.google.com.ec/imgres?
imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Trichoderma_harzianum.jpg/220px-
Trichoderma_harzianum.jpg&imgrefurl=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichoderma_harzianum&h=196&w=176&tbnid=pp8gcVngSvaU-
M:&zoom=1&tbnh=186&tbnw=167&usg=__s3Ao_D8o8BQo0aXsfSEWGkeMuVE=&docid=CXMESWyaX_c_VM&itg=1&sa=X&ei=3_K
QU9yWA8yTyASGi4LYBQ&sqi=2&ved=0CIQBEPwdMAo