Sr. Ambrosius Baanders, Consultor principal. ECORIS. Resum ponència: El ponent ens descriurà la contribució actual del transport públic a l’accessibilitat de distintes regions urbanes de Holanda. Identificarà el potencial de creixement que aquesta té a partir del coneixement combinat de diferents experts en aquest camp.

1. Contribution of public transport to
urban accessibility in the Netherlands
Ambrosius Baanders
ECORYS, Rotterdam
Paul van Beek & Sander van der Eijk
Goudappel Coffeng, Deventer

3. increasing congestion
decreasing accessibility of economic centres

4. increasing congestion
decreasing accessibility of economic centres
Q: What is the present role of public transport
in serving the important economic centres
and how can public transport help to alleviate
car congestion problems?

5. study commissioned by NL Ministry of Transport
to ECORYS and Goudappel Coffeng
objective:
make “photo” of current contribution
of PT
estimate potential to increase
contribution of PT

6. method [1]
existing modelling tools insufficient
combination of
modelling tools and
local expertise

7. method [2]
preliminary choices:
current situation transport model base years
morning peak: 07:00 – 09:00
twelve regions
focus on “economic centres” in urban areas
trips relevant for public transport

8. method [2]
preliminary choices:
current situation transport model base years
morning peak: 07:00 – 09:00
twelve regions
focus on “economic centres” in urban areas
trips relevant for public transport

9. method [2]
preliminary choices:
current situation transport model base years
morning peak: 07:00 – 09:00
twelve regions
focus on “economic centres” in urban areas
trips relevant for public transport

10. The twelve urban
regions studied

11. method [2]
preliminary choices:
current situation transport model base years
morning peak: 07:00 – 09:00
twelve regions
focus on “economic centres” in urban areas
trips relevant for public transport

12. Levels of the analysis
and relevant trips
100%
Total number of arrivals per region
50-80%
Dispersed trips
(not linked to the cities) Arrivals in the cities
20-50%
Arrivals outside the Arrivals in the
Economic Centres Economic Centres
10-45%
Trips of < 2,5 km Arrivals relevant for
and streams of <20 trips public transport
Estimation of potential

13. method [2]
analysis by:
clusters of cities by size
300,000 100,000 50,000 14,000 inhabitants
1 2 3 4
market segments

14. The market segments
3 2
1
within the
urban area
from another
region 4

15. method [3]
workshops:
participants: experts from local / regional
stakeholders
making estimates of effects with the help of
an interactive spreadsheet

16. method [3]
steps in the workshops:
1. verify the data
2. select the measures (“policy dials”)
3. estimate the potential growth relative to current PT volume
4. feedback on the results

17. method [3]
number of trips >100
Origins of morning peak trips to 23 % share PT
Utrecht Centre-North

18. method [3]
Input data per economic centre

19. method [3]
steps in the workshops:
1. verify the data
2. select the measures (“policy dials”)
3. estimate the potential growth relative to current PT volume
4. feedback on the results

20. The “policy dials”
• Quality of public transport
• Parking policy
• Public transport fares
• Mobility management
• Intermodal chaining
• Marketing and image

21. method [3]
Selecting the “policy dials”

22. method [3]
“Tuning” the “policy dials”
Mixing console policy dials
PT Quality Parking restr. PT Fares Mob. manag, Marketing Interm. chains Image Spatial pol.

23. method [3]
steps in the workshops:
1. verify the data
2. select the measures (“policy dials”)
3. estimate the potential growth relative to current PT volume
4. feedback on the results

24. method [3]
steps in the workshops:
1. verify the data
2. select the measures (“policy dials”)
3. estimate the potential growth relative to current PT volume
4. feedback on the results

25. method [3]
Current PT share and potential for growth

26. method [3]
PT trips affected by each of the measures

27. method [3]
Contribution of each of the measures to potential
PT share growth

28. results: the “photo”
level of the regions
90 – 50 % of trips have destination in urban area
all modes:
work trips 50 – 58 %
education trips 22 – 26 %
other trips 20 – 23 %
public transport:
work trips 56 – 53 %, large cities ~ 62 %
education trips 43 – 44 %, large cities ~ 33%
other trips 3– 5%

29. results: the “photo”
level of the cities: shares of the market segments and shares of PT
other city outside
within urban area in region regional region
PT 23% PT 33% PT 21% PT 34%
City cluster 1
PT 7% PT 18% PT 12% PT 23%
City cluster 2
PT 8% PT 23% PT 18% PT 28%
City cluster 3
PT 2% PT 11% PT 7% PT 13%
City cluster 4

30. results: the “photo”
level of the economic centres
share of the market segments by economic centre of
trips relevant for PT (> 2.5 km)
Market Market Market Market Total all
segment 1 segment 2 segment 3 segment 4 segments
within urban from other from within from another
area city in region region region
City centre in cluster 1 69% 12% 6% 13% 100%
City centre in cluster 2 49% 13% 27% 11% 100%
City centre in cluster 3 45% 11% 33% 11% 100%
City centre in cluster 4 34% 13% 29% 24% 100%
Office parks 44% 13% 28% 14% 100%
Commercial estates 58% 11% 18% 13% 100%

31. results: the potential
Importance attributed in the workshops
to the “policy dials”
City centre Office park Commercial
estate
Large city Small city
Quality of public transport
1 2 3
supply
Parking regime 3 3 4
2
Public transport fares 3 3 4
Mobility management 3 3
Intermodal chaining 3
2
Marketing and image 4 4 4 4

32. results: the potential
Potential for PT share increase

33. results: the potential
Contribution of the “policy dials” to the potential

34. conclusions
current contribution
What is current role?
Flows within the cities / urban areas
Flows from other regions
What is explanation of differences?
Differences in local circumstances
Influence of land use patterns?
Role increases with size of the urban area
Which travel purposes?
Work = 50%+, education = 50%-.
Largest cities: work = larger share

35. conclusions
estimation of the potential
What is expected potential?
Between 1 % and 10 % of total trips to economic centres
Increase at the expense of which mode?
The car (bicycle > 2.5 km?)
What measures contribute?
Improvement of PT supply quality
Makes tightening of parking regime possible
Mobility management, intermodal chaining, marketing
Fares not important
Relationship between the measures?
“Dials” cannot be turned independently “Tuning”
Role of the train?
larger in largest cities
varies elsewhere due to local network configuration

36. conclusions
the method: combining models and expert
knowledge
Worked well
Was a combination of several benefits:
models used that were owned by the regions = own tools
expertise in the regions used: clear added value to model results
outcomes were trusted, because not a black box

37. conclusion for AMTU:
continue to study

38. broos.baanders@ecorys.com
pvbeek@goudappel.nl