The document contains several examples of different types of Indonesian text structures, including narratives, descriptions, procedures, explanations, expositions, and reports. The narrative text describes a legend about two animals, Sura the shark and Baya the crocodile, who fight over food but eventually agree to live separately. The descriptive text provides details about American singer and actress Miley Cyrus. The procedure text outlines the steps to operate a fan. The explanation text defines and describes tsunamis.

1. 1. Contoh Narrative Text: The Legend of Sura and Baya
A long time ago, there were two animals, Sura and Baya. Sura was the name of a shark and
Baya was a crocodile. They lived in a sea.
Once Sura and Baya were looking for some food. Suddenly, Baya saw a goat.
“Yummy, this is my lunch,” said Baya.
“No way! This is my lunch. You are greedy” said Sura. Then they fought for the goat. After
several hours, they were very tired.
Feeling tired of fighting, they lived in the different places. Sura lived in the water and Baya
lived in the land. The border was the beach, so they would never fight again.
One day, Sura went to the land and looked for some food in the river. He was very hungry
and there was not much food in the sea. Baya was very angry when he knew that Sura broke
the promise.
They fought again. They both hit each other. Sura bit Baya's tail. Baya did the same thing to
Sura. He bit very hard until Sura finally gave up and Awent back to the sea. Baya was happy.
2. Contoh Descriptive Text Tentang Artis
Miley Cyrus
Her name is Miley Cyrus. She is an actress and singer from USA. She was born on
November 23, 1992 in Franklin, Tennessee.
Miley Cyrus is the daughter of a country singer, Billy Ray Cyrus. Her mother is Dolly Parton,
a famous American singer.
Miley Cyrus has an oval face. Her hair is wavy. The colour is brown. Miley Cyrus is a
vegetarian. She doesn't like eating some meat.
Her favourite meal is Chinese food. Miley Cyrus has a bad habit. She likes to bite her nails
very often.
3. Procedure Text
How to operate a fan
To operate a fan you must follow these instructions.
1. Plug the power cord into a wall outlet. (AC 120 Volts 60 HZ)
2. To make the fan move sideways, push the pin on top of the motor.
3. To move the fan up or down, first pull up the oscilla ting pin, then press the tilt
adjustment knob.
4. To change the speed of the fan, press one of the switches at the bottom.

2. 4. Explanation Text
Tsunami
The term of “tsunami” comes from the Japanese which means harbour ("tsu") and wave
("nami"). A tsunami is a series of waves generated when water in a lake or a sea is rapidly
displaced on a massive scale.
A tsunami can be generated when the sea floor abruptly deforms and vertically displaces the
overlying water. Such large vertical movements of the earth's crust can occur at plate
boundaries.
Subduction of earthquakes are particularly effective in generating tsunami, and occur where
denser oceanic plates slip under continental plates.
As the displaced water mass moves under the influence of gravity to regain its equilibrium, it
radiates across the ocean like ripples on a pond.
Tsunami always bring great damage. Most of the damage is caused by the huge mass of water
behind the initial wave front, as the height of the sea keeps rising fast and floods powerfully
into the coastal area.
5. Example of Hortatory Exposition - The Chaotic National Exam
As the national exam is an annual activity organized by the Education and Culture Ministry,
it can be prepared for as early as possible. It is very difficult to understand why the
implementation of this year’s exam was so chaotic.
I think it was caused by poor management within the central committee, so the minister
should be responsible for its implementation. In an era where all activities can be supported
by advanced technology, 11 provinces had to delay the exams due to the failure in the
distribution of exam materials.
The quality of education reflects the progress of the nation. Therefore, the ministry needs to
thoroughly assess its failure.
6. contoh analytical exposition text
Students Need Laptop
Conventionally, students need book, pen, eraser, drawing book, ruler and such other stuff.
Additionally, in this multimedia era, students need more to reach their progressive
development. Students need mobile keyboards to record every presented subject easily. Of
course it will need more cost but it will deserve for its function.
First, modern schools tend to apply fast transferring knowledge because the school needs to
catch the target of curriculum. Every subject will tend to be given in demonstrative method.
Consequently students need extra media cover the subject. Since there is a laptop on every
students' desk, this method will help student to get better understanding.
Secondly, finding an appropriate laptop is not difficult as it was. Recently there is an online
shop which provides comprehensive information. The best is that the shop has service of
online shopping. The students just need to brows that online shop, decide which computer or
laptop they need, then complete the transaction. After that the laptop will be delivered to the
students' houses. That is really easy and save time and money.
From all of that, having mobile computer is absolutely useful for students who want to catch

3. the best result for their study. Buying laptop online is advisable because it will cut the price.
This online way is recommended since online shop also provide several laptop types.
Students just need to decide which type they really need.
7. GENERIC STRUCTURE OF SPOOF TEXT
Generic Structure (Susunan umum) dalam spoof text adalah :
Orientation, berisi pengenalan tokoh, latar, setting dll.
Events, berisi peristiwa atau kejadian
Twist, ending cerita (akhir cerita yang dianggap lucu, kadang tidak terduga)
spoof, spoof text, contoh spoof text, spoof text examplesPenjelasan mengenai orientation dan
event sudah sering dibahas, khususnya pada pelajaran narrative text dan recount text. Dalam
spoof text pun, orientation dan event tidak jauh berbeda dengan yang ada dalam narrative dan
recount.
Sedang untuk twist, bagi seorang yang belum terbiasa menulis cerita lucu mungkin sangat
sulit; untuk memahami twist saja sudah sulit, apalagi mengarang sendiri…
Ya, untuk memahami twist, kita membutuhkan selera humor tinggi hingga kita mampu
mencerna apa dibalik kelucuan yang terkandung dalam twist ini. Sebab biasanya sangat sulit
memperkirakan, “apa sih bagian lucunya?”
8. Contoh Report Text : Thanksgiving Day
Thanksgiving or Thanksgiving Day is a celebration of harvest, thankfulness for peace, and
the attempt of Native Americans. It is usually celebrated in late autumn.
In the past, Thanksgiving was celebrated for their rich harvest in New England. In North
America, however, it was originally held to thank God for their survival in the new land
which was not easy for them. However, in Canada, it had been celebrated as in New England.
Thanksgiving now is celebrated in United States of America and in Canada. Thanksgiving
festivals are held every fourth Thursday of November in the U.S and on the second Monday
of October in Canada. It is usually celebrated in four to five days in the North America and
for three days in Canada.
It is celebrated through families and friends gathering to eat and give good luck. Turkey is the
main dish in the thanksgiving dinner. Thanksgiving parades are also usually held. In
Thanksgiving homes are decorated with wreaths, fresh and dried flowers. Lamps are lighted
to brighten the environment. Tables are decorated with best china and antique silver dishes to
mark the occasion.