This document discusses the elements and forms of music in the Philippines. It describes the elements of music as melody, harmony, texture, dynamics, timbre, and form. It then discusses three main types of Philippine music: ethnic traditional music influenced by Southeast Asian neighbors, European-influenced religious and secular music brought by Spanish colonizers, and American-inspired popular, classical, and semi-classical music. Specific musical forms mentioned include ballads, chants, song debates, habaneras, kumintangs, pasyon chants, chamber music, choral music, opera, solo instrument literature, concertos, and sonatas.

1. CONTEMPORARY ARTS
PHILIPPINES FROMTHE
REGION
LESSON 7 MUSIC

2. •Music is considered to be least tangible of the
arts. It is defined as an arrangement of sound
to create a continuous and unified
composition
•Understanding the elements of music and the
different musical traditions in the Philippines
well help in appreciating that contemporary
Philippines music is varied from one region to
another

3. What are the elements of music?
•The elements of music are essentially the different things
that you can hear when you listen to music. They are what
differentiates a piece of music from other sounds.
•If you perform a piece of music, even if you are just singing
and dancing to your favourite song, then - whether you know
it or not - you are showing that you have a sense of what
the elements of music are.

4. Melody
•A sequence of notes and rhythms - these complement but
are not identical to the notes and beats of the accompanying
sounds. They work together to make a layered sound.
•The melody is what we usually sing along to (and the pulse is
what we tap our feet to). In your favourite song, the voice
doesn't necessarily sing the same rhythm and notes as the
backing music, but it does sound as though it belongs with
them. They work together to create texture.

5. Harmony
•This is the sounding of two or more notes at the same time.
The sounds in a piece of music harmonise with one another
to produce a (typically) pleasant sound. How can you tell
when you have played or sung the wrong note? It was
probably because it did not harmonise in the way you were
expecting!
•Some 20th and 21st century classical compositions can be
described as sounding ‘jarring’ or ‘scary’ - this is often
because it deliberately avoids pleasant-sounding harmony.

6. Texture
•The texture of music indicates the layers of
sound in the work and the relationship
between them. A full orchestra might sound
swollen and heavy, whilst a solo ukulele
could sound light.

7. Dynamics
•Dynamics are one of the core elements of musical
expression. Learning about them will help children to
listen critically and get a more nuanced sense of
meaning from the music they study.
•Dynamics are how we describe how strong or soft a
sound is. Dynamics don’t necessarily describe volume
- all live music needs to be loud enough to be heard -
but about how hard or gentle the notes sound.

8. Timbre
•Timbre is the particular tone which distinguishes a sound
or combinations of sounds. Every sound - whether
musical or not - has a timbre.When we talk about timbre
we can describe it in terms of colour and shape.A sound
could be warm, silvery, round or sharp - how would you
describe different sounds?

9. Form
•refers to the larger shape of the
composition. Form in music is the result of
the interaction of the four structural elements,"
of sound, harmony, melody, and rhythm.
Compositions that do not follow a fixed
structure and rely more on improvisation are
considered free-form

10. FORMS ANDTYPES OF PHILIPPINES MUSIC
•These are three kinds of music in the Philippines.
These are ethics traditional music European
influence religious and secular music and American
inspired popular classical and semi classical music.

11. Ethics traditional music
•Philippines music in ethic tradition described to be music
that has similar elements with music from our southeast
Asian neighbor this kind of music can still be heard in
northern Luzon Mindanao, Palawan and sulu where
about 100% of the Filipino population had avoided
Spanish influence.

12. Ballad
•A ballad refers to a song that explains an events
occurring in a community. Some of these ballads
include the idangdang from bukidnon and the
liyangkit parang sabil of theTausug. Some ballads
were influenced by the Spaniards such as the
composo and Pampanga’s ING BANGKERU nowadays
the term “ballads”

13. Chant
• This refers to a song with an unaccompanied
melody and variable rhythm.This is usually found
in epic songs.

14. Song debate
•The song debate is a song involving male and
female singers who try to outsmart each other
about a certain topic themes usually include love
and courtship, marriage.

15. European influenced religious and secular
music
•Art song is a composition characterized by merging the
voice part, lyrics and the accompaniment together to
achieve an artistic musical whole singing an arts song
requires skills especially when performed during A
concert or recital.

16. Habanera/danza
•This refers to a social dance in duple time originally
from cuba, this is usually performed on a stage or In a
ballroom.The habanera is influential as its tempo is
used in some contemporary composition like nicanor
abelardo “ikw rin”

17. Kumintang
• Originally documented as a war song the kumintang is a dance of love
accomplished by guitar and bajo de unas (string bass). Its quasi- recitative
melody is played by these.

18. Pasyon chant
• The pasyon chant refers to the various styles used throughout the country
for the singing of the pasyon. It is typically performed In two group
formations: the first involving two persons or group singing alternative and
the second involving each person taking his or her.

19. Classical music
• Chamber music this refers to instrumental music played by small ensemble
each part of the music is played by one performer this makes chamber
music different from orchestra music.

20. Choral music
• This involves music written for a group of singers. Choral composition can
be monadic, meaning to be sung together or in unison without
accompaniment or polyphonic.

21. Opera
• The opera is essentially drama that is sung and accompanied by instruments
it has a set structure, consisting of an overture, songs variety of a number of
singer, other vocal combinations and interludes.

22. Solo instrument literature
• This type of music highlights a solo instrument.This solo instrument may
also be accompanied by another instrument of by a number of instrument.

23. Concerto
• The concerto refers to a pieces for a solo instrument, or a group of solo
instrument and an orchestral ensemble. Althought the concerto is derived
from the four movement sonata form.

24. Sonata
• The sonata is a work for solo instrument with four movements the typical
sequence of movement is allegro Andante minuet