1. The document provides guidance for referees on correctly judging and interpreting contact during basketball games. It emphasizes the differences between what constitutes a block for coaches versus referees, and when a screen is legal. 2. It outlines what constitutes a legal screen, including requirements for both the player setting the screen and the player making contact with the screen. Actions like pushing through a screen or displacing the screener with hands, arms, thighs or shoulders are not allowed. 3. Referees must analyze plays to correctly interpret actions and their intent, decide based only on illegal actions that disadvantage players, and control games in a consistent manner while allowing the best team to win. Maintaining consistent application of rules is emphasized

1. 1
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BASKETBALL
JUDGING AND
INTERPRETING CONTACT
CORRECTLY

2. 2
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DIFFERENCES
COACH / REFEREE
• For a Coach a Block is CORRECT
• For a Referee a Block is FOUL
• For a Referee a SCREEN CORRECT

3. 3
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LEGAL SCREEN.
PICK n ROLL
• To be able to recognise the plays.
• To be able to recognise legal and illegal plays
• By defensive and offensive players.

4. 4
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PLAYER WHO CONTACTS A
SCREEN
• PUSH – through the screen
• DISPLACE the screen ...
CANNOT:
With hands
With arms
With thighs
With shoulders

5. 5
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STATIC
2 feet on the floor
before contact
PLAYER WHO SETS A
SCREEN
Knees - Legs - Elbows
Forearms - Stomach
CANNOT MOVE OUT OF THE
CYLINDER
IMPORTANT
REFEREES MUST SEE THE WHOLE PLAY
CONTACT
Level of
contact is
incidental

6. 6
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LEGAL SCREEN.
OPPONENT IN MOTION
• Time and Distance
• Time.... sufficient space to avoid the screen
• Distance
Stopping or
Changing
direction
Not less than 1 step
Not more than 2
steps

7. 7
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LEGAL SCREEN.
OPPONENT STATIONARY
• Inside visual field As near as he wants Front and lateral.
• Outside visual field 1 normal step before contact. (arm´s length)

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LEGAL SCREEN.
KEYS FOR OFFENSE
• Observe the illegal use of hands at the moment of contact and before the continuation to the basket.
• Observe the illegal use of body, thighs and legs of the screener when he goes to the opposing player as he team leaves the paint.
• Observe the illegal contact of the screener when he pushes/dislodges the defensive player before play begins around the basket.
• Be careful not to interpret such illegal actions as incidental contact which puts the defensive player at a disadvantage..

9. 9
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LEGAL SCREEN.
KEYS FOR DEFENSE
• Observe the illegal use of hands/body by the defensive player preventing the movement of the screener
• Observe the illegal contact which pushes the screener onto another opponent.
• Observe the illegal use of hands/body when contacting the screen
• Observe the defenders pushing out the opposing centres with knees/forearms or pushing out into the 3 pt
shooter.
• Be careful not to interpret these illegal actions as incidental contact because they place the offensive
players at a disadvantage.
• Incidental contact is part of the game, but the illegal use of hands, arms or body is not.

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HOW TO SEE
Use mechanics to be in the best positions
Boxing –in. All players must under control and
observed by officials when the ball is dead an play
stopped.
Continuous movement. Keep looking for the best
position in order to see through the spaces.
Good position – Good decision. Their is a strong
correlation between good position and good decisions.
Penetration. Penetrate when there is a pass, dribble
or shot to the basket.
Position – Change position and responsibility in
relation to the position of the ball.

11. 11
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ANALYSE: To interpret the game and all its
actions correctly.
?
INTENSITY – Consistent interpretation
ADV/DISADV – Caused by contact
WHO – Responsibility and intent
KNOWLEDGE – Read and understand the
play

12. 12
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DECIDE: Penalise only what is illegal and affects the play.
Do not penalise contacts which do not occur
Fantasy – do not penalise what you “think”
you see, only what you know you actually see.
NO-call – sometimes the best call is a no-call
Consistency – be constant in your decisions
from start to end of the game.
Interfere – do not stop the game if there is
no disadvantage or affect on the play.
Incidental – contact is part of the game.

13. 13
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SCREENS
The object of a screen is to legally prevent
an opponent from reaching a desired
position on the court

14. 14
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CONTROL OF THE GAME
The best team should win the game if it is played
and officiated in the correct spirit.
Officials must maintain a level of officiating that is
consistent with the demands of the game.
Consistent , intelligent and knowledgeable
application of the spirit and intent of the rules.
The best referees exercise their authority with
simple humility and quiet but strong personal
relationships on the court.
Patience is an elastic band. Eventually it breaks
and firm action is required which is seen to be fair
and deserved.