The document discusses consumer-driven contracts within service-oriented architecture, emphasizing the need for service providers to adapt to changing consumer expectations using the Pact framework. It details the implementation of consumer-driven contracts in various programming languages, including a PHP service provider proxy for testing. Future developments include a PHP implementation of the Pact specification and various functionalities for Pact brokers to enhance testing and compatibility.

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Consumer-driven
Contracts with Pact and
PHP

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provider
consumer 1
consumer 2
consumer 3
{
status: “ok”,
count: 20,
items: [
{
id: 10000,
name: ...
Providers and consumers

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Consumer-driven contracts
• In a service oriented architecture, a service provider
typically has many consumers.
• Each of those consumers has expectations about the
service.
• Over time, consumer expectations change and the
provider must evolve to meet them.
• Standard approaches to this introduce
interdependence into the relationship.
• The Consumer-Driven Contracts pattern solves that.

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Consumer-driven contracts
provider
consumer 1
consumer 2
consumer 3
{
status: “ok”,
count: 20,
items: [
{
id: 10000,
name: ...

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Pact
• Ruby gem which implements automated testing for
consumer-driven contracts
• There are also implementations for
• .Net (Provider, Consumer)
• JVM (Provider, Consumer)
• JavaScript (Provider, Consumer)
• Swift (Consumer)

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Pact
https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact

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Pact
• BUT… no PHP implementation 😞
• Luckily we can use the Provider Proxy to help us test a
PHP service provider

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JavaScript Consumer
Jasmine
PhantomJS
PAC
T
Karma
Test framework/
Test runner
Browser
(headless)
Mock/contract
endpoint
App code
(HTTP client,
model)
Production code
exercise
s
invokes via
socket
creates
pact json file

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beforeEach(function() {
client = ZooClient.createClient('http://localhost:1234');
alligatorProvider = Pact.mockService({
consumer: 'Alligator Consumer',
provider: 'Alligator Provider',
port: 1234,
done: function (error) {
expect(error).toBe(null);
}
});
});
Setting up a JavaScript consumer

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Setting up a JavaScript consumer
it("should return an alligator", function(done) {
alligatorProvider
.given("an alligator with the name Mary exists")
.uponReceiving("a request for an alligator")
.withRequest("get", "/alligators/Mary", {
"Accept": "application/json"
}).willRespondWith(200, {
"Content-Type": "application/json"
}, {
"name": "Mary"
});
alligatorProvider.run(done, function(runComplete) {
expect(client.getAlligatorByName("Mary")).toEqual(new Alligator("Mary"));
runComplete();
});
});

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Now we have a pact
{
"consumer": { "name": "Alligator Consumer" },
"provider": { "name": "Alligator Provider" },
"interactions": [
{
"description": "a request for an alligator",
"provider_state": "an alligator with the name Mary exists",
"request": {
"method": "get",
"path": "/alligators/Mary",
"headers": { "Accept": "application/json" }
},
"response": {
"status": 200,
"headers": { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
"body": { "name": "Mary" }
}
}
],
"metadata": { "pactSpecificationVersion": "1.0.0" }
}

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PHP Provider
Rake
PAC
T
prox
y
Test framework/
Test runner
Mock/contract
endpoint
App code
(service
provider)
Production code
invokes
pact json file
reads

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Create the API provider
<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';
$app = new SlimSlim();
$app->get('/alligators/:name', function ($name) use ($app) {
$app->response->setStatus(200);
$app->response()->headers->set('Content-Type', 'application/json');
echo json_encode(array('name' => $name));
});
$app->run();

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Use rake and pact provider proxy to test
require 'pact/provider/proxy/tasks'
Pact::ProxyVerificationTask.new :alligator do | task |
task.pact_url './spec/pacts/alligator_consumer-alligator_provider.json',
:pact_helper => './spec/support/alligator_pact_helper'
task.provider_base_url 'http://localhost:8000'
end
Pact.provider_states_for "Alligator Consumer" do
provider_state "an alligator with the name Mary exists" do
set_up do
# Set-up the provider state (e.g. create fixture) here
end
end
end

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Demo Time!

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What’s next?
• PHP implementation of the pact specification
• Use pact broker to share pact files and provide:
• Auto-generated documentation
• Dynamically generated network diagrams
• The ability to tag a pact (ie. "prod") so a provider
can verify itself against a fixed version of a pact to
ensure backwards compatibility.
• Webhooks to trigger provider builds when a pact is
published.

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Questions?
• Further reading:
• http://martinfowler.com/articles/consumerDrivenContracts.html
• https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact
• http://techblog.realestate.com.au/testing-interactions-with-web-services-
without-integration-tests-in-ruby/
• http://techblog.realestate.com.au/enter-the-pact-matrix-or-how-to-
decouple-the-release-cycles-of-your-microservices/
• Code from the demo:
• https://github.com/mopoke/pact-php-demo
• Relive this talk in blog form:
• http://www.andykelk.net/tech/consumer-driven-contracts-with-pact-and-
php