Conservatism
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Traditional conservatism supports individualism, private property, nationalism, paternalism and traditional values and institutions while opposing radical change and believing in organic societies. One Nation conservatism is more progressive, emphasizing unity between classes and the importance of a social safety net to deal with poverty through limited redistribution and government market regulation. Thatcherism accepts the need for radical change, prioritizing free markets, privatization, reduced trade union power, lower taxes, law and order, nationalism and traditional moral values.
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The document outlines three forms of British conservatism: traditional conservatism supports individualism, private property, nationalism, and traditional values while opposing radical change; Thatcherism calls for radical political change through privatization, reduced unions, and smaller government; One Nation conservatism advocates progressive policies like a social safety net and limited redistribution combined with paternalism and market regulation.
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The document discusses several forms of conservatism including liberal conservatism, conservative liberalism, fiscal conservatism, libertarian conservatism, green conservatism, national conservatism, social conservatism, cultural conservatism, traditional conservatism, religious conservatism, and progressive conservatism. It provides definitions and key aspects of each type of conservatism in 1-2 sentences for each.
Conservatism
Conservatism is difficult to define because conservatives value tradition over rigid ideology and focus more on opposing change than proposing solutions. Key conservative beliefs include respecting traditions that have stood the test of time, acknowledging human fallibility, favoring social order over individual liberty, and seeing society as a complex organic system not easily improved by human design. Conservative thought encompasses traditional support for hierarchy, authority, and private property as well as more libertarian support for free markets. Modern variants like neoconservatism emphasize restoring social discipline and traditional values.
1.11 Conservatism
The conservatism principle states that:
1) Losses are recorded when they are expected to occur while gains are only recognized once they are certain to happen, in order to avoid overstating assets and revenues.
2) An example shows a business recording a $4,000 loss to write down inventory valued at $12,000 to its lower market value of $8,000, in order to accurately report the inventory asset value.
3) Another example shows a business keeping its building asset valued at its original $500,000 cost rather than increasing it to its potential $600,000 sale value, in order to avoid overstating the building asset value until an actual sale occurs.
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Conservatism values adaptability over rigid ideology and seeks to preserve traditional structures and values while allowing for gradual, pragmatic reform. It favors individualism, order, and incremental change built upon historical experience rather than sweeping ideological changes.
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As
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Judges in many countries are intended to be independent and impartial arbiters of the law who are not influenced by political pressures or personal biases. They aim to decide cases fairly based solely on the facts and law, and avoid any conflicts of interest, in order to uphold the principle that everyone is equal before the law. However, it can be difficult to be completely unaffected by one's own background or experience.
Judicial review as
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