11th CBSE - Computer Science with Python Chapter 1 - Computer System and Organization

1. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Computer System and
Organisation
Computer Science
Chapter 1
11 CBSE
By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar

2. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
What is Computer?
Computer is an electronic machine that can accept raw data
as input and process that input according to the instruction
provided by user then produce result as output and store
result for future use.
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3. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Functions of computer
• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage
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4. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Block diagram of computer
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Input
Device
Output
Device
Secondary Storage
ALU
Control Unit
Primary Memory
Central Processing Unit

5. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
What is computer system?
The computer system is made up of software and hardware.
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Software Hardware

6. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Types of Hardware
• Input Hardware (Input Devices)
• Processing Hardware
(Processing Devices)
• Output Hardware (Output
Devices)
• Storage Hardware (Storage
Devices)
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7. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Input Hardware (Devices)
• These devices convert the
input data into a digital form
that is acceptable by the
computer system.
• The devices through which
control signals are sent to a
computer are termed as
input devices
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8. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Processing Hardware (Processing Devices)
• It is the electronic circuitry of a computer that carries out
the actual processing and usually referred as the brain
of the computer.
• The CPU fetches the program and data from the
memory and performs arithmetic and logic operations
as per the given instructions and stores the result back
to memory.
• While processing, the CPU stores the data as well as
instructions in its local memory called registers.
• the CPU has two main components — Arithmetic Logic
Unit (ALU) and Control Unit (CU).
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9. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Output Hardware (Devices)
• The device that receives data
from a computer system for
display, physical production,
etc., is called output device.
• It converts digital information
into human understandable
form. For example, monitor,
projector, headphone,
speaker, printer, etc. Some
output devices
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10. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Storage Device
• A computer system needs memory
to store the data and instructions
for processing.
• Whenever we talk about the
‘memory’ of a computer system,
we usually talk about the main or
primary memory.
• The secondary memory (also
called storage device) is used to
store data, instructions and results
permanently for future use.
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11. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Software
• Software is a collection of programs.
• Program is collection of instructions.
• Instruction is command given to the computer to operate
particular task.
• Every hardware is operated by set of instructions. These set of
instructions are referred to as software.
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12. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Types of Software
• System Software
• Operating System
• System Utility Software
• Device Drivers
• Application Software
• General Purpose Software
• Customised Software
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13. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
System Software
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• The software that provides the basic functionality to operate a
computer by interacting directly with its constituent hardware is
termed as system software.
• It knows how to operate and use different hardware
components of a computer.

14. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
Operating System
• As the name implies, the operating system is a system software that operates
the computer
• The operating system manages other application programs and provides
access and security to the users of the system
• Some of the popular operating systems are Windows, Linux, Macintosh,
Ubuntu, Fedora, Android, iOS, etc.
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15. By : Dnyaneshwar Beedkar
System Utility Software
• Software used for maintenance and
configuration of the computer system is
called system utility.
• Some system utilities are shipped with the
operating system for example disk
defragmentation tool, formatting utility,
system restore utility, etc.
• Another set of utilities are required to
improve the performance of the system,
for example, anti-virus software, disk
cleaner tool, disk compression software,
etc.
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