The document discusses different types of programming languages. It notes that first generation languages used abbreviations called mnemonics. It provides definitions for terms like program, programming, software, compilers, interpreters, low-level languages, assembly language, and benefits of learning programming. It also discusses similarities between fourth and fifth generation languages, noting they are both considered higher-level languages. Examples of third generation languages given are C++, C#, Fortran, and BASIC.

1. CHAPTER 1
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

2. Which generation did languages make use of abbreviation for writing programs?

3. F

4. Q. WHAT IS A PROGRAM?
Ans. A PROGRAM CONSISTS OF SET OF INSTRUCTIONS THAT ARE WRITTEN USING A SPECIFIC PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE.
Q. WHAT ARE MNEMONICS?
Ans. MNEMONICS ARE ABBREVIATIONS USED IN ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE FOR PERFORMING TASKS.
Q. WHAT IS PROGRAMMING?
Ans. PROGRAMMING IS THE PROCESS OF CREATING A SET OF INSTRUCTIONS THAT TELLS A COMPUTER HOW TO
INPUT, PROCESS AND GIVE OUTPUT.
Q. DEFINE SOFTWARE.
Ans. A SOFTWARE CONSISTS OF MULTIPLE PROGRAMS CONSISTS OF MULTIPLE INSTRUCTIONS.
Q. WRITE THE NAMES OF ANY FOUR THIRD- GENERATION LANGUAGES.
Ans. C++,C#, FORTRAN, BASIC

5. Q. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A COMPILER AND AN INTERPRETER?
Ans. A COMPILER IS A COMPUTER PROGRAM THAT TRANSLATES PROGRAMMING CODE WRITTEN IN HIGHER- LEVEL LANGUAGES
INTO MACHINE LANGUAGE IN ONE GO WHEREAS INTERPRETER TRANSLATES PROGRAMMING CODE WRITTEN IN HIGHER-LEVEL
LANGUAGE INTO MACHINE LANGUAGE LINE BY LINE.
Q. HOW ARE HIGHER- LEVEL LANGUAGES DIFFERENT FROM MACHINE LANGUAGE ?
Ans. HIGHER- LEVEL LANGUAGES IS SIMILAR TO ENGLISH LANGUAGE WHEREAS MACHINE LANGUAGE WHICH IS ALSO KNOWN AS
LOWER-LEVEL LANGUAGE IN WHICH ALL THE INSTRUCTIONS ARE WRITTEN IN THE 0 AND 1 FORM WHICH IS DIRECTLY PROCESS BY
COMPUTER.
Q. HOW IS ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE DIFFERENT FROM MACHINE LANGUAGE ?
Ans. ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE MAKE USE OF MNEMONICS FOR PERFORMING TASKS WHEREAS IN MACHINE LANGUAGE ALL THE
INSTRUCTIONS ARE WRITTEN IN THE 0 AND 1 FORM WHICH IS DIRECTLY PROCESS BY COMPUTER.
Q. EXPLAIN IN DETAIL THE BENEFITS OF LEARNING PROGRAMMING?
Ans. PROGRAMMING IS THE PROCESS OF CREATING A SET OF INSTRUCTIONS THAT TELLS A COMPUTER HOW TO INPUT, PROCESS
AND GIVE OUTPUT.
THUS FOR CREATING A PROGRAM WE NEED TO LEARN A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE SUCH AS C,PYTHON ETC.
Q. IS THERE ANY SIMILARITY BETWEEN THE FOURTH AND FIFTH-GENERATION LANGUAGES? WRITE REASONS IN SUPPORT OF YOUR
ANSWER.
Ans. YES THERE IS A SIMILARITY BETWEEN THE FOURTH AND FIFTH-GENERATION LANGUAGES AS BOTH BELONG TO HIGHER- LEVEL
LANGUAGES GROUP.