Compare and contrast transactional and transformational leadership.pdf
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Compare and contrast transactional and transformational leadership Solution Transactional leadership The transactional leaders are works within the framework of self interest of his or her constituency. Classify about the transactional leaders are opinion leader, bureaucrats, executive leaders. Transactional leaders effect over on efforts, satisfaction, and effectiveness of subordinates. Transactional leaders are give the rewards and benefits whether positive or negative to subordinates by fulfillment of agreement with the leader Transactional leaders have four dimensions are contingent rewards, active management by exception, passive management by exception, laissez-faire. Transformational leadership Transformational leader moves to change the framework. Classify about the Transformational leader were categorized as intellectual leaders, leader of reform, ideologues. Transformational leaders asks followers to transcend their own self interest for the food of the group, organization to consider their long term needs to develop, followers should aware of really important needs. Transformational leaders four dimension are charismatic, inspirational, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. ______________________________________________________________________.
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*
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MSL 6000, Psychological Foundations of Leadership 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit VI
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
2. Assess influence tactics used by leaders.
2.1 Analyze servant leadership traits.
2.2 Determine how leadership skills can influence others and improve employee performance.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
2.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Unit VI Essay
2.2
Unit Lesson
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Unit VI Essay
Reading Assignment
In addition to a physical copy of the textbook, each unit contains the eTextbook version of the assigned
reading chapters. If preferred, click on Unit VI in the course navigation menu to access the online version of
the assigned chapters.
Chapter 5: Leadership Mind and Emotion, pp. 135–158
Chapter 6: Courage and Moral Leadership, pp. 167–187
Unit Lesson
Leaders have a myriad of tactics they can use to influence their followers. Some of these are more
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issuing direct orders with softer, more collaborative directions. It can be challenging to determine which
combination of methods will be most effective when trying to persuade followers to complete an objective
or comply with a request. This unit covers the personal side of leadership and the different tactics
leaders use to influence their followers. Emotional intelligence (EQ), ethical leadership, moral
development, and servant leadership are just a few of the leadership behaviors that will be covered.
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Influence Tactics Used by Leaders
MSL 6000, Psychological Foundations of Leadership 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
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Pre-Course Assignment, Group 1
Transformational leadership is a style where a leader inspires subordinates to identify needed change through creating a vision and guiding change while executing it with committed group members. It enhances motivation by connecting subordinates' identity to the organization's goals and collective identity. Transformational leaders serve as role models, challenge followers to improve, understand individual strengths and weaknesses, and align people with complementary tasks. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire measures transformational leadership behaviors like idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. Studies show transformational leadership is associated with more positive outcomes than transactional or laissez-faire styles.
Transformational leadership
Transformational leadership aims to elevate followers morally and motivate them to put group interests above self interests. It does this by increasing awareness of what is right and important, helping followers fulfill their potential, and fostering high moral standards. A transformational leader acts as a role model by exemplifying strong values and inspiring followers with a compelling vision, while also attending to individual needs through mentoring and coaching. This allows both leaders and followers to raise one another to achieve higher levels of motivation and morality.
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Leadership Theories.
Leadership theories can be categorized as trait, behavioral, contingency, and transformational. Situational leadership theory focuses on the followers' readiness and suggests leaders adapt their style accordingly. Path-goal theory proposes that effective leaders clarify goals and remove obstacles. Leader-member exchange theory finds that leaders form different quality relationships ("ingroup" vs. "outgroup") with followers. Charismatic leadership may depend on the leader's traits and the situation. Transactional leadership guides followers toward goals using rewards and punishments, while transformational leadership inspires followers to transcend self-interest for the greater good through intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration.
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Transactional vs transformational leadership
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Leadership is a trait of influencing the behavior of individuals, in order to fulfill organizational objectives.
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Give examples of system which can achieve some security requirement?
Solution
Answer:
The security of the system depends upon these four pillars :
1. Secrecy
2. Integrity
3. Accountability
4. Availibility
Every computer must be aware about the security and must decide what is security to it. It is like
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Help me with these questions please.
1. Name four characteristics that are used to describe single variable data.
2. What are the advantages of using a stemplot over a histogram? What are the disadvantages?
3. What are the advantages of using the mean as the center? What are the disadvantages?
4. What are the advantages of using the median as the center? What are the disadvantages?
5. What type of graph is used for bivariate data?
6. What is the difference between explanatory and response variables?
7. What does the correlation coefficient, r, measure?
8. What is the range of values of r?
9. What does the coefficient of determination, r^2, measure?
10. What is the range of values of r^2?
11. How is a residual plot constructed?
12. How is a residual plot interpreted?
Solution
1) i. Randomness ii. Presentable iii. Reliable iv. Genuine
2) Stemplot gives list of values as it is in a easy form of presentation.
Disadvantage is while histogram enables comparison about the data, stemplot just presents data
in a grouped form
3) Mean is easily understood and also a good central measure. So many distributions we find that
sample mean estimates population parameter but disadvantage of mean is it is affected by
extreme items or outliers thus giving wrong picture about average.
4) Median is reliable and not affected by outliers as it is affectd only by the order of the item.
The disadvantage is that for continuous data, it is not possible always to arrange in ascending and
find median.
5) Planar graph with 2 coordinates used for bivariate data.
6) Explanatory variable is the independent variable which can take any value but response
variable value depends on the value of explanatory variable
7) Correlation coefficient measures the dependence or association of two variables
8) r lies between -1 and +1
9) Coefficient of determination represent variation of y wrt x. It is square of r, and always
positive thus gives a clear picture of relation between x and y.
10) r^2 varies from 0 to 1
11) Residual plot is constructed using scatter diagram and least square line.
REsidue plot is the deviation of actual from estimated regression curve.
12) REsidual plot is the absolute difference of y and y estimate..
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*
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Transformational leadership focuses on empowering followers and inspiring them through a clear vision. Transformational leaders communicate high expectations and help followers transcend self-interest for the greater good of the organization. Research shows transformational leadership is correlated with lower turnover, higher productivity and satisfaction. Transactional leadership focuses on exchanges between leaders and followers, using rewards and punishments to motivate followers to achieve goals. It is more task-oriented and structured than transformational leadership.
Leadership development Leadership development
The document discusses leadership development and provides information on various leadership topics. It begins by defining leadership and distinguishing between leaders and managers. It then discusses different leadership styles, the benefits of becoming a leader, and steps someone can take to develop leadership skills. These include self-awareness, continuous learning, effective communication, building confidence, and leading through service. The overall document serves as a guide for understanding leadership concepts and developing strong leadership abilities.
Entreprenurial Leadership and how work is presented
This document provides an outline for a course on entrepreneurial leadership. It discusses key topics like the importance of entrepreneurial leadership for modern business, characteristics of entrepreneurial leadership, and challenges faced. Entrepreneurial leadership combines the innovative mindset of an entrepreneur with the strategic vision and motivational skills of a leader to drive organizational growth through risk-taking and innovation.
Leadership Theories
This is a document that will give you in depth knowledge about the leadership theories. It explains transformational and transactional leadership theories in detail and even shows the relationship between them.
The Power of Transformational Leadership.pdf
The document discusses transformational leadership in human resources. Transformational leaders inspire and motivate employees to achieve their full potential and contribute positively to organizational growth. They encourage innovation, foster shared vision, and empower employees. Key aspects of transformational leadership include idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. Developing these skills can increase employee engagement and performance, though some challenges like resistance to change must be addressed.
MSL 6000, Psychological Foundations of Leadership 1 .docx
MSL 6000, Psychological Foundations of Leadership 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit VI
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
2. Assess influence tactics used by leaders.
2.1 Analyze servant leadership traits.
2.2 Determine how leadership skills can influence others and improve employee performance.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
2.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Unit VI Essay
2.2
Unit Lesson
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Unit VI Essay
Reading Assignment
In addition to a physical copy of the textbook, each unit contains the eTextbook version of the assigned
reading chapters. If preferred, click on Unit VI in the course navigation menu to access the online version of
the assigned chapters.
Chapter 5: Leadership Mind and Emotion, pp. 135–158
Chapter 6: Courage and Moral Leadership, pp. 167–187
Unit Lesson
Leaders have a myriad of tactics they can use to influence their followers. Some of these are more
emotional or mental methods that they use to affect the behavior of their followers; others are more
process-focused, which is a more systematic approach to motivation. Leaders will find that, in some
situations, one method works better than the other, and, at other times, they may find themselves leading
with both their head and their heart. Effective leaders will balance their use of hard tactics, such as
issuing direct orders with softer, more collaborative directions. It can be challenging to determine which
combination of methods will be most effective when trying to persuade followers to complete an objective
or comply with a request. This unit covers the personal side of leadership and the different tactics
leaders use to influence their followers. Emotional intelligence (EQ), ethical leadership, moral
development, and servant leadership are just a few of the leadership behaviors that will be covered.
In order for leaders to influence their followers and give them a sense of meaning and purpose, they must be
comfortable utilizing both emotional and rational leadership methods. Leaders are affected by the same
internal and external factors that affect businesses. For example, a company’s mission, communication,
organizational culture, structure, the economy, and social and political factors will have an effect on not only
the business but also on those who are in a leadership position with the organization. Leaders should be
mindful of changes in the internal and external environment and be alert to how these changes affect their
UNIT VI STUDY GUIDE
Influence Tactics Used by Leaders
MSL 6000, Psychological Foundations of Leadership 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
followers and their ability to lead. Leaders need to be open and receptive to change as it occurs. Daft (2018)
shares four key areas relevant to expanding and developing a leader’s mind:
Some leaders and researchers have suggested that “emotion, more t.
Pre-Course Assignment, Group 1
Transformational leadership is a style where a leader inspires subordinates to identify needed change through creating a vision and guiding change while executing it with committed group members. It enhances motivation by connecting subordinates' identity to the organization's goals and collective identity. Transformational leaders serve as role models, challenge followers to improve, understand individual strengths and weaknesses, and align people with complementary tasks. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire measures transformational leadership behaviors like idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. Studies show transformational leadership is associated with more positive outcomes than transactional or laissez-faire styles.
Transformational leadership
Transformational leadership aims to elevate followers morally and motivate them to put group interests above self interests. It does this by increasing awareness of what is right and important, helping followers fulfill their potential, and fostering high moral standards. A transformational leader acts as a role model by exemplifying strong values and inspiring followers with a compelling vision, while also attending to individual needs through mentoring and coaching. This allows both leaders and followers to raise one another to achieve higher levels of motivation and morality.
Type of leadership
The document discusses 12 different types of leadership styles: autocratic, democratic, strategic, transformational, team, cross-cultural, facilitative, laissez-faire, transactional, coaching, charismatic, and visionary. Autocratic leadership involves a leader making all decisions without input from others, while democratic leadership involves subordinates in decision making. Transformational leadership motivates followers to do more than expected. Facilitative leadership monitors group dynamics to help a group stay on track. Laissez-faire leadership gives authority to employees with minimal interference.
Leadership Theories.
Leadership theories can be categorized as trait, behavioral, contingency, and transformational. Situational leadership theory focuses on the followers' readiness and suggests leaders adapt their style accordingly. Path-goal theory proposes that effective leaders clarify goals and remove obstacles. Leader-member exchange theory finds that leaders form different quality relationships ("ingroup" vs. "outgroup") with followers. Charismatic leadership may depend on the leader's traits and the situation. Transactional leadership guides followers toward goals using rewards and punishments, while transformational leadership inspires followers to transcend self-interest for the greater good through intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration.
Rico Handjaja All about Leadership.pdf
Acquiring leadership skills improves leaders’ competency and earning potential, builds and sustains relationships within the organization and improves particular professional capabilities.
Transactional vs transformational leadership
www.lifein01.com - for more info
Leadership is a trait of influencing the behavior of individuals, in order to fulfill organizational objectives.
A number of leadership theories have been propounded by various management experts considering behavior, traits, nature, etc. namely, Authoritarian, Laissez-faire, Transactional, Transformational, Paternalistic and Democratic.
Leadership skills and its impact on organizational performance
Introduction and definition of leadership, leadership styles, how to measure organizational performance, and also explained the relationship between leadership styles and organizational performance.
Similar to Compare and contrast transactional and transformational leadership.pdf (20)
A Dynamic Approach Exploring the Fundamentals of Transformational Leadership.pdf
A Dynamic Approach Exploring the Fundamentals of Transformational Leadership.pdf
A Dynamic Approach Exploring the Fundamentals of Transformational Leadership....
A Dynamic Approach Exploring the Fundamentals of Transformational Leadership....
Leadership and Leadership StylesDefining a Leader….docx
Leadership and Leadership StylesDefining a Leader….docx
Entreprenurial Leadership and how work is presented
Entreprenurial Leadership and how work is presented
MSL 6000, Psychological Foundations of Leadership 1 .docx
MSL 6000, Psychological Foundations of Leadership 1 .docx
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Give examples of system which can achieve some security requirement.pdf
Give examples of system which can achieve some security requirement?
Solution
Answer:
The security of the system depends upon these four pillars :
1. Secrecy
2. Integrity
3. Accountability
4. Availibility
Every computer must be aware about the security and must decide what is security to it. It is like
a legal law in some country can be illegal for other country..
Help me with these questions please.1. Name four characteristics t.pdf
Help me with these questions please.
1. Name four characteristics that are used to describe single variable data.
2. What are the advantages of using a stemplot over a histogram? What are the disadvantages?
3. What are the advantages of using the mean as the center? What are the disadvantages?
4. What are the advantages of using the median as the center? What are the disadvantages?
5. What type of graph is used for bivariate data?
6. What is the difference between explanatory and response variables?
7. What does the correlation coefficient, r, measure?
8. What is the range of values of r?
9. What does the coefficient of determination, r^2, measure?
10. What is the range of values of r^2?
11. How is a residual plot constructed?
12. How is a residual plot interpreted?
Solution
1) i. Randomness ii. Presentable iii. Reliable iv. Genuine
2) Stemplot gives list of values as it is in a easy form of presentation.
Disadvantage is while histogram enables comparison about the data, stemplot just presents data
in a grouped form
3) Mean is easily understood and also a good central measure. So many distributions we find that
sample mean estimates population parameter but disadvantage of mean is it is affected by
extreme items or outliers thus giving wrong picture about average.
4) Median is reliable and not affected by outliers as it is affectd only by the order of the item.
The disadvantage is that for continuous data, it is not possible always to arrange in ascending and
find median.
5) Planar graph with 2 coordinates used for bivariate data.
6) Explanatory variable is the independent variable which can take any value but response
variable value depends on the value of explanatory variable
7) Correlation coefficient measures the dependence or association of two variables
8) r lies between -1 and +1
9) Coefficient of determination represent variation of y wrt x. It is square of r, and always
positive thus gives a clear picture of relation between x and y.
10) r^2 varies from 0 to 1
11) Residual plot is constructed using scatter diagram and least square line.
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Describe current and emerging roles of the patient record in HIT toda.pdf
Describe current and emerging roles of the patient record in HIT today. Explain the relationship
of enterprise information systems and EHR systems. Why are standards an essential component
of HIT and EHR systems? Prepare a flowchart to contrast and illustrate how EHR systems work
in a hospital settings versus in an ambulatory setting.
Solution
1)Two goals were listed in ONC t plan:
patient-focused healthcare and population health.
Four themes were proposed under these two goals:
1) privacy and security, 2) interoperability,
3) adoption, and
4) collaborative governance.
The discussion of the future roles of HIM in HIT will revolve around the four objectives defined
by the ONC.
Ensuring that patient information is secure and protected;
Improving healthcare quality, reducing medical errors, reducing health disparities, and advancing
delivery of patient-centered medical care;Reducing healthcare costs resulting from inefficiency,
medical errors, inappropriate care, duplicative care, and incomplete information;
Providing appropriate information to help guide medical decisions at the time and place of care;
Ensuring that meaningful public input is included in development of such infrastructure;
Improving the coordination of care and information among hospitals, laboratories, physician
offices, and other entities for the secure and authorized exchange of healthcare information;
Improving public health activities and facilitating the early identification and rapid response to
public health threats;
Facilitating health and clinical research and healthcare quality;.
Dont change the templates, and just fill out the TODO parts on .pdf
Don\'t change the templates, and just fill out the // TODO parts on below of templates, please.
Instruction
Reimplement a program using List and ArrayList . Recall that it is a
little tricky to merge arrays of window orders when the arrays may have dierent
sizes. Using List to represent arrays of window orders is more convenient since
we can add a new window order if its size is not found in the existing orders.
To this end, we have added a new class called TotalOrder , which represents
a list of window orders. It contains methods to add a single window order or
another total order. These methods will ensure that the orders are propertly
merged by window sizes.
What to implement?
You will use in the methods for classes described above. The provided code
template has instruction in the comments above the methods that you will
implement.
Output
20 apartments with (Living room: 5 (6 X 8 window))(Master bedroom: 3 (4 X 6 window))
15 apartments with (Living room: 5 (6 X 8 window))(Master bedroom: 3 (4 X 6 window))
(Guest room: 2 (5 X 6 window))
10 apartments with (Living room: 5 (6 X 8 window))(Master bedroom: 3 (4 X 6 window))
(Guest room: 2 (5 X 6 window))(Guest room: 2 (5 X 6 window))
Window orders are:
225 6 X 8 window
135 4 X 6 window
70 5 X 6 window
Note
TotalOrder:
o add(WindowOrder newOrder): To add the “newOrder” at first check if a similar order is
already stored in the array list. You should check this within a loop structure. If it already exists
you should merge it with the similar window order using a method call to “add” (which is a
method declared in WindowOrder to merge the orders). Otherwise, simply add the “newOrder”
to the end of the array list through calling the “add” method of the array list. The method returns
the current object.
o add(TotalOrder that): this method makes use of the previous one. You should iterate over all of
the window orders listed in “that” and add them to the array list by passing each one of its
elements them as the input argument to the above “add” method.
o times(int num): for every element stored in the arraylist of the class, call “times” method and
pass “num” as the input argument to it.
o toString(): for every element stored in the arraylist, call its toString() method +”\ ”. Store the
result in a String variable and then return it.
- Apartment:
o orderForOneUnit(): create a new “TotalOrder” object. Add the window orders of every room
to the total order. Return the total order.
o totalOrder(): call the previous method to get the total order for one unit. Call the “times”
method of the total order and use number of apartments as input.
- Building:
o order(): declare and create a TotalOrder object. Add the total order of each apartment into the
object you just created and return it after the loop.
Templates
TotalOrder.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
// This class represents a collection of window orders using an ArrayList
public class TotalOrder {
List orders = new ArrayList.
Directions Problem 1. A female with Muppetrus bristle mates with a .pdf
Directions: Problem 1. A female with Muppetrus bristle mates with a male with Flonasean body
color, producing the following counts: F1 Generation Males Disease-Disease WIT-Disease WT-
WT Disease-WT 243 239 Females WT-Disease Disease Disease WT-WT Disease-WT 254 254
Solution
Parents are heterozygous. Given that each parent has one disease phenotype at one locus and
wild type at other locus.
Female\'s disease phenotype is Muppetrus bristle. Let its symbol be WT.
Cross is: +/disease (phenotype Muppetrus) crossed to +/disease (phenotype Flonasean)
The answer cannot be homozygous lethal because WT-WT and Disease-Disease are there.
Similarly it cannot be autosomal recessive, because in females Disease-Disease is 0.
This means that the mode of inheritance is sex-linked recessive.
In Drosophila males, crossing over does not occur. Only one X chromosome, which comes from
the female parent. So, genotype of males will be \"WT (wild type)\" phenotype on X-
chromosome. In females Disease-Disease is zero because of this..
Describe the roll of each of the following in membrane transport a.pdf
Describe the roll of each of the following in membrane transport
a.)facilities diffusion
b.)osmosis
c.)active transport
d.)endocytosis
e.)exocytosis
Solution
a)
Facilitated diffusion is the process of spontaneous passive passage of molecules or ions across a
cell\'s membrane passing through specific transmembrane integral proteins. Its role:
b) Osmosis is the net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of
lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.In other word it is the
diffusion of water down the water potential gradient. It’s role:
c) active transport:
d) and e) Exocytosis and endocytosis:Endocytosis and exocytosis are both forms of bulk
transport that move materials into and out of cells, respectively, via vesicles. not by membrane
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Calculator Which of the following is not an asset Oa, owners equi.pdf
Calculator Which of the following is not an asset? Oa, owner\'s equity Oc. investments Od.
inventory
Solution
a.owner\'s equity
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equity.Other than a. all are assets. a. Is owners equity which is not asset..
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You are installing a KVM switch for a small business customer so that he can use a single
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allow him to toggle back and forth between the two machines with the peripheral devices. To
successfully install the KVM switch, what special tools will you need?
A. A set of hex wrenches
B. A Phillips screwdriver
C. ESD protection devices
D. None
Solution
D. You shouldn’t need to use any special tools when installing the KVM switch, since the cable
connections are usually tightened by hand and you don’t need to open up any of the machines..
Why is metabolism important for physiological processesSolution.pdf
Why is metabolism important for physiological processes?
Solution
Answer:
Energy is needed for any type of physiological processes. A metabolism is a set of chemical
reactions, where energy is released that used for physiological processes like growth,
maintainance of structures, responding to the environment and reproduction. Hence the
metabolism is important for physiological processes..
Which macromolecule is primarily responsible for producing the pheno.pdf
Proteins are primarily responsible for producing the phenotype of an organism. While DNA contains the blueprint, proteins determine physical appearance as they are produced from DNA instructions. Proteins are thus the macromolecules that determine an organism's physical characteristics.
which invertebrate phylum is considered the most evolutionarily succe.pdf
which invertebrate phylum is considered the most evolutionarily successful as measured by
having the most species, producing the greatest number of offspring, and occupying the most
habitats? acopods. cnidarians echinoderms arthropods
Solution
D. Arthropods.
It is largest phylum in animal kingdom having more than 1 million species. Arthropods inhabitat
almost all the regions of globe. They found on land, in water, in air in burrows and underground..
What suggestions would you offer to parents and teachers who want to.pdf
What suggestions would you offer to parents and teachers who want to socialize children into
more androgynous and flexible gender roles? Be specific.
Solution
A) Parents treat sons and daughters alike (interact
equally, are equally warm) except for behaviour related to gender roles
• Dolls, dress-up, helping an adult are encouraged with girls
• Rough and tumble play is encouraged with boys
• Parents react more positively when children play with toys typical for their sex
• Fathers are more likely to encourage behaviour associated with gender stereotypes.
B) Many teachers and schools make gender salient in the classroom - eg. Separate lines for boys
and girls
• Might call on boys more than girls
• Are more likely to scold boys more for disruptive behaviour
• Since most elementary school teachers are female, classroom activities, readings, wall
dressings, etc. might be more appealing for girls
• When boys are not interested in something they tend not to do it..
What is the F2 generation when the F1 generation of +++y cv f is cr.pdf
What is the F2 generation when the F1 generation of +++/y cv f is crossed with +++/Y? Can
recombination be seen in the F2 generation?
Solution
Recombination seen in the F2 generation as +++/yY cv.
Two parental types, carrying either the Y+ y+ allele combination seen in the original mother (the
female of the P generation) or the Y y+ allele combination seen in the original father (the male of
the P generation). The remaining half of the gametes will be of two recombinant types, in which
reshuffling has produced either YY or Y y allele combinations not seen in the P generation
parents of the F1 females..
What features on the plasmid allows it to replicate independent o.pdf
What features on the plasmid allows it to replicate independent of the chromosomes
What features on the plasmid allows it to replicate independent of the chromosomes
Solution
Plasmids are the extra chromosomal DNA found in bacteria. Plasmids possesses a replicon or an
origin of replication of specific nucleotide sequence. This replicon helps the plasmids to replicate
independently. The tra genes or the transfer genes present in the plasmids helps them to get
transferred to the next generation with the help of relaxosome (a combination of DNA and tra
protein) which breaks one of the two strands of plasmid DNA and helps to unwind and it gets
treansferred throgh pilus. Mob genes also helps them for mobilisation during transformation.
Some plasmids undergo binary fission..
What are the use of Fibonacci numbers or the Golden Ratio in nature,.pdf
What are the use of Fibonacci numbers or the Golden Ratio in nature, art, music, architecture, or
some other real world application?
Solution
In the nature we can find some examples like:
- The arrangement of petals of flowers
- The distribution of leaves on a stem
Some structures are designe by this number, for example The Parthenon
In the music Bela Bartok (1881-1945), who have used such succession as a yardstick to
determine certain elements of his compositions
We can find many examples, because applications are diverse and varied.
Based on the following schematic with 3 D flip-flops, Write complete .pdf
Based on the following schematic with 3 D flip-flops, Write complete VHDL codes with clock
as input, and A, B, C are outputs
Solution
entity count is
Port ( Clock : in STD_LOGIC;
A,B,C : inout STD_LOGIC);
end count;
architecture Behavioral of count is
component DFF
Port ( Clock : in STD_LOGIC;
D : in STD_LOGIC;
Q : out STD_LOGIC);
end component;
signal DA,DB,DC:STD_LOGIC;
begin
DA<=(A xor \'1\');
DB<=(A xor B);
DC<=(A and B)xor C;
uA: DFF(Clock,DA,A);
uB: DFF(Clock,DB,B);
uC: DFF(Clock,DC,C);
end Behavioral;
//code for D Fliflop
entity DFF is
Port ( Clock : in STD_LOGIC;
D : in STD_LOGIC;
Q : out STD_LOGIC);
end DFF;
architecture Behavioral of DFF is
begin
process(clk,D)
begin
if(rising_edge(clk)) then
Q <= D;
end if;
end process;
end Behavioral;.
Although O_2 does not participate directly in the reactions of the TC.pdf
Although O_2 does not participate directly in the reactions of the TCA cycle, the cycle operates
only under aerobic conditions. Briefly explain this fact. How many ATP molecules are
generated during the complete oxidative degradation of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to CO_2
and H_2O? Assume the glycerol phosphate shuttle is operating and show how you arrived at
your answer.
Solution
2) even though oxygen does not participate in the TCA Cycle but the ATP and NADPH
produced are passed in the ETC cycle where the oxygen acts as a electron transport.. Hence there
the role of oxygen takes place which is not found in the case of anaerobic situations..
3) when PEP gets converted to pyurvate I release 2 molecules of ATP.. But in this case only 1
ATP is produced as the one molecule of di-hydrooxyacetone phosphate converted to glyecerol-3-
phosphate by glycerol cycle hence in the glycolysis step 1 molecule gets reduced hence 1 ATP
gets reduced..!!.
8. Which of the following is NOT a transcriptionally repressed genom.pdf
8. Which of the following is NOT a transcriptionally repressed genomic region?
a. telomeres b. CpG islands c. one mating type locus in S. cerevisiaed. centromeres
Solution
b.CpG islands.
The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide occurs next to a
guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its length.
CpG is a shorthand , cytosin and guanine separated by only one phosphate : phosphate links any
two nucleosides together in DNA.
It is not trancriptionally repressed genomic region..
49. Autonomic nervous system function is influenced by A) cerebral co.pdf
49. Autonomic nervous system function is influenced by A) cerebral cortex B) hypothalamus.
C) reticular system D) A and B only. E) A, B, and C
Solution
Theanswer is B)hypothalamus because the hypothalamus is usually present above the brain
stem.Moreover it works as an integrator for autonomic functions.This involves receiving and the
regulatory input from the limbic system to perform various actions which inclucdes the control
of respiration, cardiac regulation , vasomotor activity.ITalso regulates the cardiac regulation and
helps in reflex actions such as coughing, sneezing, swallowing..
Think about the structure of a root tip. In which region would you e.pdf
Think about the structure of a root tip. In which region would you expect the majority of water
and nutrient uptake to occur?
Root cap
Apical lens (meristem)
Zone of cell division
Zone of cell elongation
Zone of cell maturation
Solution
Answer : Apical lens (meristem)
Apical lens (meristem) helps the majority storage of water and nutrients for plant growth.
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