1) Several public health organizations resigned from the EU Alcohol and Health Forum due to the lack of an EU Alcohol Strategy and concerns about the efficacy of voluntary commitments from the alcohol industry.
2) The organizations called for a renewed EU Alcohol Strategy to adequately address alcohol harm, such as crime, violence, and traffic accidents.
3) As founding members of the Forum, the organizations had raised past concerns about the lack of evidence that industry commitments reduce harm and about insufficient discussions of effective policy absent vested interests.
10 interesting things about alcohol and other drugs that you may have missed ...Andrew Brown
Including a call for the NHS and social services to address stigma issues, some of the key statistics from the Chief Medical Officer for England's report, European data on drugs and people who go to prison, drink driving offences in Great Britain, a comparison between drink driving and drug driving in those who use substances, football and alcohol offences, Lithuania as a source of methamphetamine in the UK, and the recovery rate of those using IAPT services who are diagnosed with alcohol problems.
Recent developments in alcohol policy in the EU (large file)tamsin.rose
presentation on policy aspects on alcohol in Europe including issues of labelling, retail environment, marketing of alcoholic drinks aimed at women and young people
10 interesting things about alcohol and other drugs that you may have missed ...Andrew Brown
Including a call for the NHS and social services to address stigma issues, some of the key statistics from the Chief Medical Officer for England's report, European data on drugs and people who go to prison, drink driving offences in Great Britain, a comparison between drink driving and drug driving in those who use substances, football and alcohol offences, Lithuania as a source of methamphetamine in the UK, and the recovery rate of those using IAPT services who are diagnosed with alcohol problems.
Recent developments in alcohol policy in the EU (large file)tamsin.rose
presentation on policy aspects on alcohol in Europe including issues of labelling, retail environment, marketing of alcoholic drinks aimed at women and young people
European Union Action in the field of Rare Diseases. Antoni Monserrat Moliner. Presentation of the Strategy in Rare Diseases of the National Health System. (Madrid, Ministry of Health and Social Politics, 2009).
This publication is the result of a two-year project to publish European standards in drug prevention, co-funded by the European Commission (EC) (60 %) and the respective project partner organisations (40 %). The standards were developed by the Prevention Standards Partnership, a multi-disciplinary and multi-sectoral collaboration of seven organisations across Europe, led by Dr Harry Sumnall andAngelina Brotherhood of the Centre for Public Health at Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), UK, who are also the authors of this publication. European Union (EU) policy, such as the EU drugs action plans for 2005-08 and 2009-12, has expressed an intention to develop and implement best practice in drug prevention, but so far has not been able to provide o reference framework on how to do this. Guidance on drug prevention interventions is available in some Member States of the EU, but it varies in terms of its content, methodological rigour, and its applicability to the wider European context. In response to this situation, this project aimed to provide a commonly agreed reference framework that could help improve the state of drug prevention in the EU
Effectiveness of a chat-bot for the adult population to quit smoking: protoco...Jose Avila De Tomas
E. Olano-Espinosa, C. Minué-Lorenzo, Martínez-Suverbiola, J.F. Ávila-Tomás. Effectiveness of a chat bot for smoking cessation: a pragmatic trial in Primary Care. (Déj@lo). Tob. Prev. Cessation 2018;4(Supplement):A148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18332/tpc/90314
Prof Peter Anderson: Substance Use, Policy and Practice, Institute of Health and Society at Newcastle University and Professor, Alcohol and Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences at Maastricht University, Netherlands.
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting on Interdepartmental Plan for Public Health of Catalonia (PINSAP) Strategy and Programme, held in Barcelona, Spain on 14 February 2014.
Alcohol Action Ireland recommends that excise duty on all alcohol products be increased in Budget 2016 so that the price of alcohol is set at a level that reflects its significant health, social, and economic impacts; the wide range of harm its consumption causes to others; the costs borne by the State and, ultimately, the taxpayer. We also recommend the introduction of a social responsibility levy on the alcohol industry, which currently makes no direct contribution to addressing the considerable financial burden the consumption of its products places on the State.
Model-based appraisal of minimum unit pricing for alcohol in the Republic of ...AlcoholActionIreland
In 2013, the Department of Health, in conjunction with Northern Ireland, commissioned the Sheffield Alcohol Research Group (SARG) at the University of Sheffield to conduct a health impact assessment as part of the process of developing a legislative basis for minimum unit pricing. The health impact assessment studied the impact of different minimum prices on a range of areas such as health, crime and likely economic impact.
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Effectiveness of a chat-bot for the adult population to quit smoking: protoco...Jose Avila De Tomas
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Prof Peter Anderson: Substance Use, Policy and Practice, Institute of Health and Society at Newcastle University and Professor, Alcohol and Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences at Maastricht University, Netherlands.
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting on Interdepartmental Plan for Public Health of Catalonia (PINSAP) Strategy and Programme, held in Barcelona, Spain on 14 February 2014.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
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neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
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Letter to Commissioner for Health and Food Safety, Dr. Andriukaitis
1. Brussels 2nd
June 2015
Dear Commissioner for Health and Food Safety, Dr. Andriukaitis,
We write to you as a group of public health organisations to express our deep concerns that there
are no plans to develop a comprehensive EU Alcohol Strategy and to tender our collective
resignations from the EU Alcohol and Health Forum for the following reasons:
1) The Forum was established as a tool to support the implementation of the EU Alcohol
Strategy, which expired in 2012. Given the absence of plans to develop a new Alcohol
Strategy, our participation in the EU Alcohol and Health Forum can no longer be justified.
2) The European Parliament recently demanded a comprehensive and focused EU Alcohol
Strategy1
. The Commission’s decision ignores this and also contradicts the requests from
Member States via letters from 17 Health Ministers and the Committee of National Alcohol
Policy Action2
.
3) This decision also ignores repeated calls from public health bodies and NGOs for a renewed
Strategy3
.
1
European Parliament resolution of 29 April 2015 on Alcohol Strategy (2015/2543(RSP)
Reference: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P8-TA-2015-
0174&language=EN&ring=B8-2015-0357
2
Member States call on the European Commission for a new and comprehensive strategy to tackle harmful use of alcohol
and alcohol related harm, Committee for national alcohol policy and action – scoping paper 2014
3
Call for a Comprehensive Alcohol Policy Strategy in the European Union
http://eurocare.org/media_centre/previous_eurocare_events/6th_european_alcohol_policy_conference_27_28_11_2014
_brussels/call_for_a_comprehensive_alcohol_policy_strategy_in_the_european_union
Eurocare recommendations for a future EU Alcohol Strategy, November 2014
2. We also wish to make the following points:
The incorporation of EU alcohol policy into a broad framework for the prevention of non-
communicable diseases will not sufficiently address the burden of alcohol harm in Europe. Crime,
violence, domestic abuse, child sexual exploitation and road traffic accidents are just some of the
many externalities associated with alcohol harm that would be neglected through this approach.
Several of the signatories to this letter were founding members of the Forum, but since its inception
have raised concerns about its efficacy. Concerns have been raised about the lack of evidence to
indicate that voluntary commitments from the alcohol industry lead to reductions in alcohol harm.
We have also raised objections, including to yourself at the Forum meeting on 18/05/15, about the
lack of formal structure available to public health bodies to discuss evidence for effective alcohol
policy in the absence of vested interest groups.
Until now, we have remained members of the European Alcohol and Health Forum, acting in good
faith that participation and cooperation would allow us to achieve progress on reducing alcohol
harm. However, to date, there have been no evaluation studies of Forum commitments which
demonstrate any impact on public health.
Moving forward, we will focus our efforts on working together to pursue public health goals, free
from conflicts of interests, and would welcome your suggestions on how this might be achieved.
Yours sincerely,
Mariann Skar, Secretary General, European Alcohol Policy alliance (Eurocare)
Nina Renshaw, Secretary General, European Public Health Alliance (EPHA)
Katrin Fjeldsted, President, Standing Committee of European Doctors (CPME)
Wendy Yared, Director, European Cancer Leagues (ECL)
Laurent Castera, Secretary-General, European Association of the Study of the Liver (EASL)
Jan Peloza, President, Alcohol Policy Youth Network (APYN)
Ennio Palmesino, Delegate for European Affairs, European Mutual Help Network for Alcohol related
problem (EMNA)
Prof Thierry Ponchon, Chair of Public Affairs Committee, United European Gastroenterology (UEG)
Mervi Jokinen, President, European Midwives Association (EMA)
Peter Allebeck, President, Nordic Alcohol and Drug Policy Network (NordAN)
Kristina Mickevičiūtė, Vice-President on External Affairs, European Medical Students' Association
(EMSA)
Professor Sir Ian Gilmore, Chair of EAHF Science Group
Katherine Brown, Director, Institute of Alcohol Studies (IAS), UK
Eric Carlin, Director, Scottish Health Action on Alcohol Problems (SHAAP)
Professor Nick Sheron, Representative to the EU Alcohol and Health Forum,
Royal College of Physicians London, UK (RCP)
Claude Riviere, Association Nationale de Prévention en Alcoologie et Addictologie (ANPAA)
Adisa Dizdarević , Secretary General, No Excuse Slovenia
Tiziana Codenotti, Eurocare Italy
Lauri Beekmann, President, Estonian Temperance Union
Suzanne Costello, CEO, Alcohol Action Ireland
Gabriele Bartsch, German Centre for Addiction (DHS)