Spanish is an official language in 20 countries, with over 423 million native speakers worldwide. The document lists the population statistics of each country where Spanish is an official language, ranging from Spain with 46.7 million speakers to Equatorial Guinea with 668,225 speakers. Colombia has the second largest Spanish-speaking population with 44.7 million people, after Mexico which has 113.7 million Spanish speakers.

2. Spanish is an official language in 20 sovereign states and one
dependent entity, totaling around 423 million people
Population Population
Country Country
(2011)[1] (2011)[1]
Spain[2] 46,754,784 Mexico[17] 113,724,226
Colombia[3] 44,725,543
Argentina[18] 41,769,726
Peru[4] 29,248,943
Venezuela[5] 27,635,743 Chile[19] 16,888,760
Ecuador[6] 15,007,343 Dominican
9,956,648
Guatemala[7] 13,824,463 Republic[20]
Cuba[8] 11,087,330 Nicaragua[21] 5,666,301
Bolivia[9] 10,118,683
Uruguay[22] 3,308,535
Honduras[10] 8,143,564
Paraguay[11] 6,459,058
El Salvador[12] 6,071,774
Costa Rica[13] 4,576,562
Panama[14] 3,460,462
Equatorial
668,225
Guinea[15]

3. Why Colombia
Tushar Shah; May 2012

4. Outlines
 Colombia : Myths, images & reality
 Bogota : Candeleria, City , Salt Cathedral
• TransMellenium and BART
 Valle de Cocora; Salentro
 Medellin: “The city of eternal Spring”
Betero: Scultptures and Pictures
 Tayona National Park
 Cartagenea ; Roasario Island
 References : Personal & External

5. Colombia

8. In 2002, President Urbie addressed the problem and pushed Guerillas to Remote Areas

9. • National
parks
• Art
galleries
• Museums
• Colonial
towns
• Ancient
Churches

10. The ..real reasons

11. Map of Colombia!
Bogotá, Colombia
1)Bogotá,
2)Pereira

12. Colombia’s History!
Overview
 The most advanced of the Pre-Columbian
indigenous groups were the Tayronas,
 Colombia was among the three countries that
formed due to the fall of Gran Colombia in
1830.
 Colombia’s flag shares major similarities
between the Ecuadorian and Venezuelan flags,
because their flags colors and symbols were all
derived from Gran Columbia’s flag. (Right.)
 Gran Colombia’s real name was Colombia,
but because it comprised of three
countries and one province, (Panama)
Colombia was called Great Colombia.

13. Modern Colombia
 In 1899 a liberal revolt against a resolutely
conservative government turned into the War of a
Thousand Days
 During the next couple of decades, disputes ensued
over Panama, Leticia (Peru returned)
 Decades later began one of Colombia’s darkest
periods, known as ‘La Violencia”
 1948, socialist mayor Jorge Eliécer Gaitán was
assassinated. Yhe riot finally subsided when, in 1957.
 Formation of guerrilla movements, M19 , FARC
 1982, Gabriel García Márquez gets Nobel prixe
 During the presidential reigns of both Uribe (2002-
2010) and Santos (2010 - present) police and military
pressure on groups such as the FARC has increased
 April 29 2012 Tushar Visits Colombia ..

14. Demographic Information Of
Capital: Bogotá
Location: Northern South America, between Panama
and Venezuela.
Population: 45,013,672 *July 2008
Religions: 90% Roman Catholic, 10% Other
Natural Resources: Petroleum, coal, iron ore,
emeralds, nickel, hydropower, copper, natural
gas, & gold.
Climate: Tropical along eastern plains and the coast,
but cooler in the highlands.
Language: Spanish

16. The town of La Candelaria in Bogota
is the historical and cultural heart
of the city. Since its start in the
business of the city and moved
down the hill to the north, the .
colonial architecture was
maintained intact. The historic
center of Bogota is one of the best
preserved in Latin America

44. Bogotá: A Model of Urban
Happiness
Where is Bogotá? What is urban happiness?

45. Inspired Leadership
 Former mayor Enrique Peñalosa
transformed Bogotá.
 once corrupt, crime-infested, polluted, and
congested
 now stands as a model for the development of
urban happiness
What changes do you think Peñalosa made?

46. Mayor’s Comprehensive
Policies
• limited automobile usage
• emphasis on public transit, parks, bike
paths, and public spaces
How might citizens benefit from limited automobile
usage? Can you think of any possible disadvantages?

47. Happiness Economics
• The mayor’s decision was based on the
principles of happiness economics.
 A population’s level of happiness
is a greater measure of
success than per capita
income or the strength
of national currency.
In your opinion,
what makes people happy?

48. Principles of Happiness
Economics
• sense of safety through trust and positive
interaction
 Peñalosa created world’s longest pedestrian
walkway
 Freeways are closed every Sunday: two million
people interact in a huge festival.
• sense of equality
 Income gaps create unhappiness for the poor.
 Mayor organized free concerts and firework displays
accessible to rich and poor.
 instituted bike pathways so cyclists (poorest sector
of the population) feel sense of entitlement
Explain how Peñalosa created a sense of safety and
equality for his citizens.

49. Equality in Transportation
• Peñalosa put money into TransMileno.
 rapid transit bus system with dedicated bus
lanes
 minimal investment
 cuts emissions
 transports more than
one million people
per day
Describe the transit system in your city.

50. Sanctions on Driving
• Instead of building huge network of
elevated freeways
 imposed sanctions on driving during rush hour.
 banned parking on sidewalks.
 instigated a car-free day.
 levied a gas tax.
Do you think sanctions should be placed on driving in
your city?

51. People over Cars
• developed public spaces, parks, libraries,
and schools
• supplied running water
for the poor
• trees planted in marginal
neighborhoods
Do you agree or disagree with the policies implemented
by Peñalosa?

52. Peñalosa: A Visionary
 changed the mindset of a city
 improved crime and poverty rates and traffic
congestion
 created a sense of pride, self-esteem, and
belonging
 qualitative difference over time
What is a visionary? How was Peñalosa a visionary?

53. Complete Turnaround
 People abandoned pessimistic outlooks.
 They now feel a sense of pride.
 Bogotá prioritizes social interaction and socio-
economic equality.
 Murder rates and automobile fatalities are down.
Do you feel a sense of pride about your city
or country? .

54. Mayor Changes Attitudes
• Peñalosa sought to change negative
attitudes about the cool, rainy weather.
 Climate is due to Bogotá being located on an
elevated plateau.
• New slogan: Bogotá: 2,600 meters closer
to the stars!
Describe how the mayor transformed Bogotá using the
principles of happiness economics.

55. MEDELLIN

56. Audio “La gota fría” vallenato colombiano

57. He is a painter, sculptor and draftsman
Colombian born on April 19, 1932 in Medellin
(Antioquia)..
Considered living artist originally from Latin
America's most recognized and quoted in
the world today. Universal icon art,
extensive work is recognized by children and
adults alike everywhere. His original style
has been called Boterismo that within the
art scene could be called figurative
expressionism "disproportionate", a kind of
genial surrealism..

86.  Cartagena is one of the most recognized cities in
Latin America, for its charming colonial style located
in the Colombian Caribbean.
 It has easy access, whether by air, land or sea is
visited every year by thousands of tourists who find
it the perfect place to relax or work. This is where
summit of Americas -2012 happened .
 Here you can stroll through the historic Castillo de
San Felipe, buy crafts in The Vaults, visit the
Monastery of La Popa and enjoy the view of the
city, visit the Museum Palace of the Inquisition,
enjoy the Caribbean charm in Rosario Islands,
wander in the walled center in Chiava or fooy, and
enjoy a romantic dinner in a historic town square. c.
 Also, enjoy the sun on the beach, daytime walks
around its history, romantic sunsets and nights of
rumba that blend old and new.

102. Colombian Reference
 Colombia's official tourism site
 http://travelcolombiadirect.com/
 http://www.colombia.travel/en/
off2colombia
 Columbia History, Politics , culture
 http://www.colombia-politics.com/
 http://off2colombia.com/destination-colombia/about-
colombia/history-of-colombia
 http://off2colombia.com/modern-colombian-history
 Colombian American
 Persoanl
 http://tusharinamericas.blogspot.com/
 Overvew