The document discusses the main ethnic groups and cultures in Malaysia. It covers the Malays, Chinese, Indians, and some smaller ethnic groups like the Kadazan and Iban. For each group, it summarizes their main festivals, traditional costumes, and cuisines. Some highlights include Ramadan and Hari Raya Puasa for Malays; Chinese New Year, Mid-Autumn Festival and other celebrations for Chinese; Deepavali and Thaipusam for Indians; and Harvest Festival and traditional attire for Kadazan. A variety of foods are also outlined representing each ethnic culture.

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Before we start….
Where is
Malaysia?

2. 2
Where is Malaysia?

3. 3
The Twin
towers
The 5th highest
building in the world
(452 m) which is
built in the year 1998.

4. 4
The Kek
Lok Si
A famous Buddhist
temple located in
Penang. It’s the
largest Buddhist
temple in Southeast
Asia. It was built in
1890.

5. 5
The
Malacca
Redhous
e
The
Langkawi
Eagle

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7. In this context, we will be discussing
1. 3 Main Races in Malaysia and corresponding cultures.
 Festivals
 Traditional costume
 Food
2. Other races of small composition and corresponding
cultures
 Kadazan
 Iban
What are the topics we
will be discussing?
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1st Main Race in
Malaysia
The Malays (or Melayu)
• Almost all Malays are of Islam
religion. (Muslims)
• They pray for up to 5 times a day
so to always remember God, to
always worship God and to be pure.

9. MALAYS GREAT
FESTIVAL
9

10. Malays’ Great Festival
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1. Hari Raya Puasa or Hari Raya
Aidilfitri (Ramadan)
Hari Raya Puasa or Ramadan is a festival where
Malays show their gratitude to their God (Allah). The
festival is celebrated in the ninth month of Islamic lunar
calendar. A month before the 1st day of Hari Raya Puasa,
Malays will start their 1-month fasting, which is they are
not allowed to have food and drink from dawn to sunset.
It’s rude if we try to interrupt the fasting “purposely” by
asking them to eat or drink during the fasting period.
So, after 1-month of fasting, on Hari Raya Puasa, what do they
do?

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Asking forgiveness from the elders,
visiting friends and relatives. They ask for
forgiveness from their parents, friends
and relatives for the wrongs they have
committed in the past year.
In the morning, a visit is made to the
mosque and a large-scale prayer is
conducted. The prayer is done
to celebrate the end of the month-long
fast.
Giving of “Duit Raya”. (Duit
Raya means Raya Money in
English.)

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Malays’ Great Festival
2. Hari Raya Haji
Malays celebrate Hari Raya Haji to
commemorate the Prophet Abraham’s willingness to
sacrifice his son in the name of God. During the festival,
male volunteers congregate in the mosques to offer their
prayers and reflect upon the sermons that are read out.
After performing the customary Hari Raya Haji prayers,
they then sacrifice sheep, goats and cows. This act
symbolises Prophet Ibrahim's readiness to sacrifice his own
flesh and blood. The meat is then packed and distributed
among the Muslim community, especially to families who are
less fortunate. This day also serves as a reminder to share
one’s wealth with the less fortunate.

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14. MALAYS COSTUME
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Malays’ Traditional Costume

16. MALAYS FOOD
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17. 17
Malays’ Food

18. 2ND MAIN RACE IN MALAYSIA
The Chinese
•Most are descendents of Chinese who arrived
between the early and mid twentieth centuries.
• Second largest ethnic group in Malaysia
• Third largest Chinese community in the world
• Four main dialect groupings
-Hokkien
-Teochew
-Hakka
-Cantonese
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19. CHINESE FESTIVAL
19

20. CHINESE NEW YEAR
•Celebrated on the first day in
the Chinese calendar
•Known as Lunar New Year Nian
festival in Chinese
•Celebrated for 15 days
•Activities
-Reunion Dinner
-Giving money in red packets
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22. MID AUTUMN FESTIVAL
Held on 15th day of
eighth month in the
Chinese calendar.
Known as Mooncake
Festival.
Activities
-Eat mooncake
-Carrying lanterns
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24. OTHER FESTIVALS
 Dragon Boat Festival
 Duanwu Festival
24

25. Qingming /
Tomb Sweeping
Festival
Dongzhi / Winter
Soltice
25

26. CHINESE COSTUME
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27. TRADITIONAL ATTIRE
27
SamFu CheongSam

28. CHINESE FOOD
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29. CHINESE FOOD
 Char Kway Teow
Stir fried noodles which
is famous in Penang
 Hokkien Mee (Prawn
Mee)
Soup noodles which is
famous in Penang.
 Yong Tau Foo
Chinese soup dish
with fish balls, tofu.
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30. Bak Kut Teh
Chinese meat bone
soup with herbs
Wanton Mee
Cantonese noodles
with dumplings.
2
30

31. 3rd Main Race in Malaysia
The Indians
• Most of the Indian are Hindu.
• In Malaysia, they commonly speak in Tamil
and also English.
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33. Deepavali
• It’s popularly known as the “Festival of Light”
and is a five day festival.
• Lighting of small clay clays filled with oil signify
the triumph of good over evil.
• Open houses are held where Hindu welcome
fellow friends on different races and religions to
their house for a scrumptious meal.
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34. Thaipusam
• One of the biggest Indian festival and it is
celebrated in grand style in the temple.
• One of the most significant rites performed is
the carrying of Kavadi by the devotees for the
purpose of averting a great calamity.
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36. Traditional Costume
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• Sari• Dhoti

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38. • Indian cuisine has had a strong influence
on traditional Malay cuisine resulting in the
popularities of curries in Malaysia.
• Mamak restaurants refer to eateries owned
and staffed by Indian Muslims. Mamak is
always the venue of choice for Malaysian to
watch live football matches.
38

39. Examples of Well Known Indian
Cuisine
39

40. • A flat bread that served with “dal” curry.
• It’s affordable and extremely popular in
Malaysia.
• Various improvements on plain roti have
been devised to suit Malaysians.
- Roti telur
- Roti cheese
- Roti planta
- Roti pisang
- Roti tissue
Roti Canai
40

41. • Nasi Kandar is a popular northem Malaysian
dish which originates from Penang.
• It is a meal of steamed rice which can be plain or
mildly flavoured and served with a variety of
curries and side dishes such as fried chicken,
cubed beef, fried squid, lady finger and etc.
Nasi Kandar
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42. Others
• Pasembur
• Putu Mayam
• Satay
• Murukku
42

43. • KADAZAN
• IBAN
43
Other Races

44. Kadazan
 Ethnic group indigenous to
state of Sabah in Malaysia.
 Culture is influenced by rice.
 Largest ethnic group in
Sabah
44

45. Festival
 Kaamatan / Harvest
Festival where the spirit
of padi (Bambozan) is
honoured.
 Takes place in May
 Event- Unduk
Ngadau/Harvest Queen
45

46. Traditional Costume
46

47. Food
 Pinasakan
Freshwater fish cooked
with bambangan
 Hinava
Salad made with
marinated raw fish.
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48. Iban
 Branch of Dayak people of
Borneo
 Formerly known as Sea
Dayaks
 Live in longhouses
 Largest ethnic group in
Sarawak.
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49. Festival
 Gawai Dayak
 Celeberated at end of
harvest season
 To worship their gods
 Visiting each other in
the long house
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50. Traditional Attire
50

51. Iban Food
 Pansuh
Chicken stuffed in
bamboo with
seasonings
 Kasam
Marinated fish
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52. Other ethnic groups
Bidayuh Melanau
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Let’s watch a video about Malaysia
now.

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THANK YOU!