Est-ce que nous allons parler de gestion des ressources humaines au PHP tour ? Non, je vous vais vous parler des modèles anémiques et des modèles riches. Depuis des années frameworks et ORM nous conditionnent à utiliser des modèles anémiques, une classe avec de simples setters et getters. A travers l’histoire d’Estelle, une RH, qui veut une application pour gérer ses salariés, je vais vous montrer comment changer nos vieilles habitudes afin de nous focaliser sur le métier que nous implémentons. Nous verrons ensemble quels outils utiliser, comme par exemple, le design pattern command bus, l’opérateur NEW de doctrine pour vos Data Transfert Object dans une application Symfony. Example de code : https://github.com/arnolanglade/code-me-hr

1. CODEMEAHR!

2. HI,IAMARNAUD!

4. ANEMICMODELVERSUSMODELRICH

5. PLAYGROUND
Business: Human resources management
Technical: Symfony / Doctrine ORM

6. WHATDOWEUSUALLYDO?CRUD!
Create Read Update Delete

7. WESTARTWITHCREATINGANEMICMODEL

8. namespace AlDomain;
final class Employee
{
/** @var Uuid */
private $id;
/** @var string */
private $name;
/** @var string */
private $position;
/** @var DateTimeInterface */
private $createdAt;
/** @var DateTimeInterface */
private $deletedAt;
// Getter and Setter
}

9. THENAFORMANDACONTROLLER

10. namespace AlPresenterForm;
final class EmployeeType extends AbstractType
{
public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
{
$builder->add('name');
$builder->add('position');
}
public function configureOptions(OptionsResolver $resolver)
{
$resolver->setDefaults(array(
'data_class' => Employee::class,
));
}
}

11. namespace AlPresenterController;
class EmployeeController extends Controller
{
public function indexAction(Request $request)
{
}
public function showAction(Request $request)
{
}
public function createAction(Request $request)
{
}
public function updateAction(Request $request)
{
}
public function deleteAction(Request $request)
{
}
}

12. namespace AlPresenterController;
class EmployeeController extends Controller
{
public function createAction(Request $request)
{
$form = $this->createForm(EmployeeType::class, new Employee());
$form->handleRequest($request);
// First, data are mapped to the model and it is validated thereafter.
if ($form->isSubmitted() && $form->isValid()) {
$em = $this->get('doctrine.orm.entity_manager');
$em->persist($form->getData());
$em->flush();
return $this->redirectToRoute('employee_list');
}
return $this->render('employee/hire.html.twig', [
'form' => $form->createView()
]);
}
}

14. LET'SREFACTOROURANEMICMODEL

15. HOWDOESESTELLETALKABOUTHER
WORK?

17. namespace AlDomain;
final class Employee implements EmployeeInterface
{
public function hire(Uuid $identifier, string $name, string $forPosition)
{
}
public function promote(string $toNewPosition)
{
}
public function fire()
{
}
public function retire()
{
}
}

18. namespace AlDomain;
final class Employee implements EmployeeInterface
{
/** @var Uuid */
private $id;
/** @var string */
private $name;
/** @var string */
private $position;
/** @var DateTimeInterface */
private $hiredAt;
/** @var DateTimeInterface */
private $firedAt = null;
/** @var DateTimeInterface */
private $retiredAt = null;
}

19. namespace AlDomain;
final class Employee implements EmployeeInterface
{
private function __construct(Uuid $identifier, string $name, string $position)
{
$this->id = $identifier;
$this->name = $name;
$this->position = $position;
$this->hireAt = new DateTime();
}
public static function hire(Uuid $identifier, string $name, string $forPosition)
{
return new self($identifier, $name, $forPosition, $hiredAt);
}
public function promote(string $toNewPosition)
{
$this->position = $toNewPosition;
}
public function fire()
{
$this->firedAt = new DateTime();
}
public function retire()
{
$this->retiredAt = new DateTime();
}
}

20. namespace AlDomain;
final class Employee implements EmployeeInterface
{
private function __construct(Uuid $identifier, string $name, string $position)
{
if ($hiredAt < new DateTime('2013-01-01')) {
throw new OutOfRangeException(
'The company did not exist before 2013-01-01'
);
}
$this->id = $identifier;
$this->name = $name;
$this->position = $position;
$this->hireAt = new DateTime();
}
public function retire()
{
if (null !== $this->fired) {
throw new Exception(
sprint('%s employee has been fired!', $this->name)
);
}
$this->retiredAt = new DateTime();
}
}

21. HOWCANWEUSEITINOURAPPLICATION?

22. FIRSTPROBLEM:HOWDOWEUSE
DOCTRINE?
We use them as query repositories
interface EmployeeRepository
{
public function findByNameAndPositionWithoutFiredPeople(
string $name,
string $position
);
}

23. WHATISAREPOSITORY?
«A repository behaves like a collection of unique entities
without taking care about the storage»

24. WHATDOESITLOOKLIKE?

25. namespace AlInfrastructure;
final class EmployeeRepository implements EmployeeRepositoryInterface
{
public function get(Uuid $identifier)
{
}
public function add(EmployeeInterface $employee)
{
}
public function remove(EmployeeInterface $employee)
{
}
}

26. namespace AlInfrastructure;
final class EmployeeRepository implements EmployeeRepositoryInterface
{
/** @var EntityManagerInterface */
private $entityManager;
public function __construct(EntityManagerInterface $entityManager)
{
$this->entityManager = $entityManager;
}
}

27. namespace AlInfrastructure;
final class EmployeeRepository implements EmployeeRepositoryInterface
{
public function get(Uuid $identifier)
{
$employee = $this->entityManager->find(
Employee::class,
$identifier->toString()
);
if (null === $employee) {
throw new NonExistingEmployee($identifier->toString());
}
return $employee;
}
public function add(EmployeeInterface $employee)
{
$this->entityManager->persist($employee);
$this->entityManager->flush($employee);
}
public function remove(EmployeeInterface $employee)
{
$this->entityManager->remove($employee);
$this->entityManager->flush($employee);
}
}

28. ISITMANDATORYTOUSESETTER?NO!
Doctrine uses the re ection to map data
Doctrine does not instantiate objects (Ocramius/Instantiator)

29. SECONDPROBLEM:FORMCOMPONENT
PropertyAccessor is used to map data, it needs public properties or setter.

30. COMMANDTOTHERESCUE!
« A Command is an object that represents all the information
needed to call a method.»

31. LET’SCREATEACOMMAND

32. namespace AlApplication;
final class HireEmployeeCommand
{
/** @var string */
public $name = '';
/** @var string */
public $position = '';
}

33. LET’SUPDATEOURCONTROLLER

34. namespace AlPresenterController;
class EmployeeController extends Controller
{
public function hireAction(Request $request)
{
$form = $this->createForm(EmployeeType::class, new HireEmployeeCommand());
$form->handleRequest($request);
if ($form->isSubmitted() && $form->isValid()) {
$employeeCommand = $form->getData();
$employee = Employee::hire(
Uuid::uuid4(),
$employeeCommand->getName(),
$employeeCommand->getPosition()
);
$this->get('employee.repository')->add($employee);
return $this->redirectToRoute('employee_list');
}
return $this->render('employee/hire.html.twig', [
'form' => $form->createView()
]);
}
}

36. NOW,ESTELLEWANTSTOIMPORT
EMPLOYEES!

37. COMMANDBUSTOTHERESCUE
«A Command Bus accepts a Command object and delegates it
to a Command Handler.»

38. LET’SUPDATEOURCONTROLLER
Here, we are going to use simple-bus/message-bus

39. namespace AlPresenterController;
class EmployeeController extends Controller
{
public function hireAction(Request $request)
{
$form = $this->createForm(EmployeeType::class, new HireEmployeeCommand());
$form->handleRequest($request);
if ($form->isSubmitted() && $form->isValid()) {
$employeeCommand = $form->getData();
try {
$this->get('command_bus')->handle($employeeCommand);
} catch (Exception $e) {
$this->addFlash('error', 'An error occurs!');
}
return $this->redirectToRoute('employee_list');
}
return $this->render('employee/hire.html.twig', [
'form' => $form->createView()
]);
}
}

40. LET’SCREATEACOMMANDHANDLER

41. namespace AlApplicationHandler;
final class HireEmployeeHandler
{
/** @var EmployeeRepositoryInterface */
private $employeeRepository;
public function __construct(EmployeeRepositoryInterface $employeeRepository)
{
$this->employeeRepository = $employeeRepository;
}
public function handle(HireEmployee $command)
{
$employee = Employee::hire(
Uuid::uuid4(),
$command->getName(),
$command->getPosition()
);
$this->employeeRepository->add($employee);
}
}

43. ESTELLEWON'TUSEPHPMYADMINTOREAD
DATA!

44. DOOURMODELSNEEDGETTER?NOT
NECESSARILY!

45. DTO(DATATRANSFEROBJECT)TOTHE
RESCUE!
«A Data Transfer Object is an object that is used to
encapsulate data, and to send it from one subsystem of an
application to another.»

46. DOCTRINE(>=2.4):OPERATORNEW

47. namespace AlApplication;
final class EmployeeDTO
{
/** string */
private $id;
/** string */
private $name;
/** string */
private $position;
public function __construct(string $id, string $name, string $position)
{
$this->id = $id;
$this->name = $name;
$this->position = $position;
}
// Define an accessor for each property
}}

48. namespace AlInfrastructure;
final class EmployeeSearcher
{
private $entityManager;
public function __construct(EntityManagerInterface $entityManager)
{
$this->entityManager = $entityManager;
}
public function findAll()
{
$queryBuilder = $this->entityManager->createQueryBuilder()
->from(Employee::class, 'e')
->select(
sprintf('NEW %s(e.id, e.name, e.position)', EmployeeDTO::class)
);
// NEW AlApplicationEmployeeDTO(e.id, e.name, e.position)
return $queryBuilder->getQuery()->getResult();
}
}

49. WECANSEARCHANDDISPLAYEMPLOYEE
DATA!

51. MISREADINGOFDOCTRINE/DDD/CQRS
Domain Driven Design
Command Query Responsibility Segregation

52. WHATISTHEBESTSOLUTION?
It depends on what you want!

53. THAT'STHEEND!
https://joind.in/talk/6c974

54. THANKYOU!QUESTIONS?
aRn0D _aRn0D
https://joind.in/talk/6c974