The UK has over 17,000 km of coastline. The western and northern coasts are very indented with many fjords, while the eastern and southern coasts are gentler and sandier. The land slopes generally from northwest to southeast. Most of the mountains are located in northern, western and central parts of Great Britain and can be divided into the Highlands of Scotland, Southern Uplands of Scotland, Pennines, Cambrians, and Brecon Beacons. The highest peaks are Ben Nevis in Scotland and Snowdon in Wales.

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Coasts
and
Relief

2. The length of the UK coastline is around 17,820 km.
Nowhere in the UK is more than 116 km from the
coast.
• in the west and north-west the coastline is greatly
indented;
• the coasts of Hebrides, the Orkney Islands and the
Shetland Islands are cut by numerous fjords;
• in the south and east the coasts are sandy and
gentle, interrupted by ends of hill-ranges, which form
low cliffs.
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6. • the general slope of land – from
north-west to south-east;
• the mountains cover the greater
part of northern, western and
middle Great Britain.
Click here to see the highest peaks of Great Britain.
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8. The mountains can be divided into the
following groups:
The Highlands of Scotland
The Southern Uplands of Scotland and
the Pennines
The Cambrians, which occupy nearly the whole
of Wales
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9. • occupy most of the land in the
north-west of Scotland;
• two parts of the Highlands -
the North-western Highlands
and the Grampians, separated
by a narrow valley, through
which runs the Caledonian
Canal.
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13. The summit indicator erected by the
Cairngorm Club in 1925.
The summit of Ben Macdui back

14. The summit of Ben Nevis
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15. • The Caledonian Canal in Scotland connects the
Scottish east coast with the west coast.
• It runs some 100 km in a North-east to South-west
direction. Only one third of the entire length is man-
made, the rest being formed by lochs (a lake in
Scotland).
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17. • The Southern Uplands is the
southernmost of Scotland's three major
geographic areas;
• it is a range of hills and mountains almost
200 km long;
• Merrick is the highest mountain in the
Southern Uplands of southern Scotland.
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19. Merrick
• summit: 843 m
• location: Southern Uplands, Scotland
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20. • a low-rising mountain range in
England, often said to be the “backbone of
England”;
• stretch in the north-south direction across
the northern and middle parts of
England, form a practically continuous
group.
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21. Typical Pennine Scenery
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22. a mountain range in Mid Wales, reaching from
the South Wales mountains of the Brecon
Beacons to Snowdonia in North Wales.
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24. • the highest mountain in Wales;
• located in Snowdonia National Park;
• the summit lies at an altitude of 1,085 m
above sea level;
• the Snowdon range consists of eleven
peaks;
• the English name Snowdon comes from the
Saxon “Snow Dun”, meaning “snow hill”.
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25.  a region of north Wales;
 established in 1951 as the
third national park in
England and Wales;
 covers 2,142 km²;
 has 60 km of coastline.
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26. ‘A region of mountains, lakes, cascades and
groves in which nature shows herself in her
most grand and beautiful forms.’
– George Borrow, Wild Wales, 1857
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27.  It is a narrow
mountain tourist
railway that travels
for 7,524 km to the
summit of
Snowdon, the
highest peak in
Wales.
 It is the only public
rack railway in the
British Isles and
after more than 100
years of service it
remains a highly
popular tourist
attraction.
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29. a mountain range located in the south-east of
Wales. It forms the central section of the
Brecon Beacons National Park - one of
Wales's three National Parks and is called a
mountaineer's paradise.
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30. part of the Brecon Beacons back

31. The National Three Peaks
Challenge
• The Three Peaks Challenge is a
mountain challenge in Great Britain
in which participants attempt to
climb the highest peaks of each of
the island's three countries.
• The mountains climbed are Ben
Nevis in Western Scotland (1344
m), Snowdon in North Wales (1085
m), and Scafell Pike in North-
Western England (978 m).
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33. At 978 metres, Scafell Pike is the
highest mountain in England. It is
located in the Lake District National
Park in Cumbria (North West of
England).
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