clothing

1. CLOTHING
CARE AND
MAINTENANCE
CLOTHING
CARE AND
MAINTENANCE
Presented by
Joyce ann V. Tadeja

2. At the end of the session,
the students will be able
to:
1. Identify basic laundry
procedures such as reading
care labels, sorting clothes,
water temperature selection
and cycle selection;
2. Determine appropriate
techniques in removing stains
in clothes; and
3. Appreciate the importance of
practicing techniques in
clothing care and maintenance.1
OBJECTIVES

3. Caring for clothing is an essential aspect of
maintaining a wardrobe, ensuring that
garments remain in good condition and last
for years. In a world increasingly aware of
sustainability and the environmental impact
of fast fashion, learning effective clothing
care and maintenance practices has never
been more crucial.
2

4. BASIC LAUNDRY
PROCEDURE
1. Mending- is the general term we use when we
try to keep the material free of damage
occurring in normal use or due to accident.
1.Repairing cuts, tears, holes
2.Replacing buttons/fasteners, ribbons,
laces or fancy attachments
3.Restitching seams and hems if they open
up
2.Stain removal- If there are some stains or
marks of discolouration other than the dirt
present on the articles, they should be removed
or they might spread, get fixed or stain other
fabrics in washing.
3

5. The care label is a permanent label or tag containing
regular care information and instructions that are
attached or affixed in such a manner that it will not
separate from the product and will remain legible
during the useful life of the garment. These symbols
denote various instructions, such as whether the item
should be machine washed or hand washed, the
recommended water temperature, and ironing
settings.
CARE LABEL
4

6. SORTING CLOTHES
FOR WASHING
Sorting clothes is another indispensable
step in the laundry process that helps prevent
color bleeding and damage to fabrics. The most
effective approach involves separating laundry
into distinct categories—whites, darks, and
delicates. Whites should be washed together to
maintain their brightness and avoid color
transfer, while darks should be grouped to
prevent dyes from leaching onto lighter
garments. 5
Soaking
Soaking helps to loosen the dirt from the
fabrics, and this makes washing easier.
Washing
Clothes are now washed using appropriate
detergent/soap and also the right method
of washing. Some standard laundry
detergents contain fossil fuel-based
substances, which have a negative effect
on the environment. By using eco-friendly
detergents, your favourite clothing pieces
can last longer.

7. WATER TEMPERATURE
SELECTION
6
Choosing the appropriate water
temperature for washing clothes is
a crucial aspect of the laundry
process that directly affects
cleaning results and the lifespan of
fabrics
Hot water, typically heated to about 130°F
or higher, is ideal for washing heavily soiled
items, whites, and bedding, as it effectively
removes dirt and kills germs.
Warm water (90°F to 110°F) serves as a versatile
option for most fabrics, including cotton, linen,
polyester, and durable synthetics, as it provides
effective cleaning without significant damage.
This temperature is particularly suitable for
clothing that has been worn close to the body
and needs more attention than a regular wash.
Cold water (60°F to 80°F) is the safest option for
many types of fabrics, especially darks, brights, and
delicates, as it helps prevent fading, bleeding, and
shrinking. Additionally, washing in cold water is more
energy-efficient, making it an environmentally
friendly choice.

8. 2.CYCLE SELECTION
7
The selection of the correct
washing cycle is critical for
achieving optimal cleaning
results and maintaining the
longevity of garments
Normal Cycle
This cycle is suitable for everyday clothing
made from cotton and linen, featuring high
agitation to remove dirt and stains
effectively.With high agitation and a
lengthy cycle, the Normal cycle is typically
the most intense washing machine cycle.
Select the Normal cycle for everyday
laundry items made of cotton, linen, and
durable synthetics, such as sheets, towels,
T-shirts, socks, and (non-fancy)
underwear.

9. 7
Delicate Cycle:
This gentle cycle is specifically meant
for delicate fabrics like silk and lace,
using low agitation and spin speeds to
minimize damage. A delicate wash or
“hand wash” cycle is the machine
equivalent to handwashing! This cycle
uses warm or cold water with low or
no spin. It's typically the shortest and
most gentle cleaning cycle, and the
low or no-spin allows for minimal
fabric agitation.
Permanent Press Cycle:
Designed for synthetic fabrics, this cycle uses
moderate agitation and cool-down periods to
reduce wrinkles, making it ideal for dress shirts
and blended fabrics. The Permanent Press cycle
was created around the midcentury in response
to the advent of synthetics, wash and wear,
and wrinkle-free clothing. Shorter than the
Normal cycle, this cycle typically uses warm
water (sometimes with a cool rinse) and a lower
spin. This cycle is intended to keep wrinkles at a
minimum, and can be used for many types of
synthetic fabrics.

10. 7
Heavy Duty Cycle:
This setting is best for heavily soiled fabrics,
such as work uniforms and towels, offering
extended wash times and high-speed agitation
to effectively lift tough stains. The heavy duty
cycle is similar to the bulky wash cycle, but is
better suited for items that are heavily soiled or
odorous. It’s a great choice for sporting gear
and thick work clothes, like construction
clothing. The heavy duty cycle harnesses higher
heat and a faster spin than most other cycles,
making it a great choice for lifting sweat, dirt,
and grime.

11. 7
Rinsing
All soap/detergent and/or chemicals
used must be removed from the fabric.
Hence clothes are rinsed 2-3 or 4 times
using fresh water everytime. In fact
rinsing should continue till all
soap/detergent is removed.
Starching and/bluing
Clothes must be starched if
they need to be starched and
also blued to return their
whiteness.

12. DRY CLEANING
8
Absorbents
French Chalk, Fuller’s earth, moong
powder, besan, talcum powder,
magnesium carbonate, etc. are used
for removing spots from all kind of
materials. Grease solvents: White
petrol, benzene, carbontetrachloride,
methylated spirit.
This is another method of taking care of clothes.
Your expensive and delicate silk and woolen
garments need to be drycleaned. In drycleaning,
instead of ordinary washing, the dirt is removed
by a solvent action and grease absorbents. l The
advantage of using these solvents is that they do
not penetrate the fabric as water does in ordinary
washing. These have no effect on the colour of
the fabric, the material does not shrink, lose shape
or finish as is frequently the case in wet cleaning.

13. IRONING AND
PRESSING
7
The last step of laundering is ironing.
Clothes are ironed according to the nature
of the fabric. Cottons are sprinkled with
water and ironed using hot iron - Silks are
brought in while damp and ironed with hot
iron. Synthetics and rayons are ironed with
moderately hot iron. Woolens are pressed
with hot iron but over a damp muslin.

14. THANK
YOU
THANK
YOU
Any Question?