1. *CLONATION…
Thewordcloningmeansdivisionorisolation.
Isscientificprocedurethatinvolvestakingthegenetic material of
anorganismtogetanotheridentical clone named. Throughcloning, thereis a union
of spermwith ovules.
Obtainan individual of similar characteristicstoanother, fromthesame DNA.
*Whatiscloning?
Cloning can be defined as theprocessbywhichidentical copies of
anorganismalreadydevelopedasexually are achieved. Thesetwofeatures are
important:
§ Itispart of an animal alreadydevelopedbecausecloningrespondstoaninterest in
obtaining copies of particular animal thatinterestsus, and only as
anadultknowitsfeatures.
§ Ontheotherhand, try to do itasexually. Sexual
reproductiondoesnotallowustoobtainidentical copies, as thistype of
reproductionbyitsverynaturegeneratesdiversity.
1. Partition (fission) of earlyembryos:
Itis similar tothe natural twinning. Individuals are very similar toeachotherbut
are differentfromtheirparents. Itispreferableto use theterm artificial twinning
and cloningshouldnot be consideredstrictly.
2. Paraclonation:
Itis a transfer of
nucleifromculturedembryonicblastomeresintoenucleatedoocytes.
3. Cloning true:
Itis a transfer of individual cellnucleiintoenucleatedoocytesalreadyborn.
Almostidenticalbetweenindividuals (exceptsomaticmutations) and very
similar tothedonororiginate.