In this presentation, we'll explore Nepal's ambitious path to hosting COP 28, the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

1. CLIMBING THE SUMMIT
OF SUSTAINABILITY:
NEPAL'S COP 28
JOURNEY
HARISH SINGH BIST

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
1. WHAT IS
COP28?
• Key Focus Area
• Key Outcomes
• Challenges
• Looking Ahead
• ​Call To Action
2. NEPAL’S COP
28 JOURNEY
• Key Contributions
• Specific Examples
and Achievements
CONCLUSION
PHOTOS PHOTOS
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4. WHAT IS COP28?
• COP stands for Conference of the Parties. It is an annual
meeting of representatives from nearly 200 countries who
have signed the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC).
• The 28th Conference of the Parties (COP 28) to the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) with a tagline “to identify global solutions for
limiting global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees” is taking
place in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, from November 30 to
December 12, 2023. This crucial event was a turning point for
our planet, bringing together world leaders, scientists,
activists, and stakeholders from all over the world to address
the global climate crisis.
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5. Key Focus Areas
Fast-tracking the
Energy Transition:
Protecting Nature
and Biodiversity:
Mobilizing
Climate Finance:
Ensuring a Just
Transition:
This involved
discussions on
transitioning away from
fossil fuels and
investing in renewable
energy sources.
Eg: Shifting towards
clean energy sources
like solar and wind
power is crucial to
achieving net-zero
emissions.
This involved discussions
on mobilizing financial
resources from developed
countries to support
developing countries in
their climate action
efforts.
Forests, oceans, and other
ecosystems play a vital
role in mitigating climate
change. This involved
discussions on protecting
forests, promoting
sustainable agriculture,
and enhancing biodiversity
and integrating nature-
based solutions into
climate action plans to
enhance resilience and
ensure a healthy planet for
future generations.
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This involved ensuring
participation from all
stakeholders, including
youth, indigenous
communities, and
vulnerable groups.
Ensuring that the
transition to a low-carbon
economy is equitable and
leaves no one behind.
COP 28 focused on several key areas, including:

6. KEY OUTCOMES
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Despite the challenges, COP 28 achieved significant outcomes:
• World Climate Action Summit: Held on December 1st and 2nd, The World Climate Action
Summit (WCAS) brought together world leaders and CEOs to discuss ambitious climate action.
The summit witnessed world leaders reaffirming their commitment to achieving the goals of the
Paris Agreement.
• First Global Stock take: The first Global Stock take of the Paris Agreement was completed,
highlighting progress and areas for improvement. It also highlighted the need for more ambitious
action to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.
• Updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): Several countries presented updated
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), outlining their emission reduction targets and
stronger plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
• New Initiatives: New initiatives were launched, like the Global Methane Pledge and the Forest,
Agriculture and Commodity Trade (FACT) Dialogue to tackle specific challenges.
• Cooperation and Coordination: Greater collaboration and coordination among governments,
businesses, civil society and stakeholders are crucial and important.
• Ensuring equity and justice: The transition to a low-carbon economy must be just and inclusive,
leaving no one behind.

7. CHALLENGES AND THE ROAD AHEAD
THE
EMISSION
GAP
The current
emission reduction
efforts are still
insufficient to
achieve the Paris
Agreement goals.
FINANCE
SHORTFALL
Developed
countries need to
provide more
resources to support
developing nations
in their climate
action efforts.
MOBILIZING
ADDITIONAL
CLIMATE
FINANCE
Developed
countries need to
fulfill their
commitments to
provide financial
resources to
developing
countries.
COOPERATION
AND
COORDINATIO
N
Greater
collaboration and
coordination among
governments,
businesses, civil
society and
stakeholders are
crucial and
important.
ENSURING
EQUITY AND
JUSTICE
The transition to a
low-carbon
economy must be
just and inclusive,
leaving no one
behind.
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While COP 28 made progress, it also highlighted challenges:

8. LOOKING AHEAD
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• COP 28 provided a platform for crucial discussions and commitments.
However, much work remains to be done. We must collectively work
towards a sustainable future, transitioning to clean energy, protecting our
planet, and ensuring a just transition for all. It requires continued
collaboration, innovation, and commitment from all stakeholders to
ensure a livable planet for generations to come.
• COP 29, is scheduled for Argentina in 2024, will be a crucial opportunity
to build on the momentum and accelerate further action.

9. CALL TO ACTION
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We all have a role to play in building a more sustainable future. Here are
some actions you can take:
• Reduce your carbon footprint: We can make changes in our daily lives
to reduce our carbon footprint. E.g.: Use energy-efficient appliances,
drive less, and consume less.
• Support sustainable businesses and organizations.
• Advocate for climate action: We can hold our governments accountable
for their climate action commitments.
• Spread awareness: We all have a role to play in addressing the climate
crisis. Educate others about the climate crisis and the solutions available.
Together, we can create a brighter future for our planet. Together, we can
build a more sustainable future for ourselves and future generations.

10. PHOTOS
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11. NEPAL'S COP 28 JOURNEY
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12. DESPITE BEING A NATION HIGHLY
VULNERABLE TO CLIMATE CHANGE,
NEPAL SHOWCASED ITS
UNWAVERING COMMITMENT AND
BOLD ACTION AT COP 28,
ESTABLISHING ITSELF AS A LEADER
IN THE FIGHT FOR A SUSTAINABLE
FUTURE. HERE'S A DETAILED
OVERVIEW OF NEPAL'S KEY
CONTRIBUTIONS AT THE
CONFERENCE:
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13. NEPAL'S KEY CONTRIBUTIONS AT COP 28:
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A. Advocacy for Mountain Issues
B. Showcasing Ambition and Progress
C. Securing Climate Finance
D. Fostering Partnerships
E. Engaging Youth and Communities
F. Recognition and Impact

14. A. ADVOCACY FOR MOUNTAIN ISSUES:
Prime Minister's High-
Level Side Event:
Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal
'Prachanda' hosted a high-level side
event titled "Call of the Mountain: Who
saves us from the Climate Crisis?" This
event highlighted the urgency and aimed
to raise awareness of addressing the
unique challenges faced by mountainous
regions due to climate change and urged
global action for their protection.
Participation in
Mountain-Specific
Initiatives:
Nepal actively participated in various
initiatives related to mountain issues,
including the Mountain Partnership and the
Hindu Kush Himalayan Climate Change
Adaptation Programme. This demonstrated
Nepal's commitment to collaborating with
others to address mountain-specific
vulnerabilities. Nepal actively participated in
the Mountain Partnership, a global platform
for collaboration and knowledge sharing on
mountain issues.
Urging Global Action:
Throughout COP 28, Nepal consistently
urged the international community to take
concrete action to address the
disproportionate impacts of climate
change on mountain regions. This included
calls for increased financial support and
targeted adaptation strategies.
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15. B. SHOWCASING AMBITION AND PROGRESS:
Presenting Updated
NDC:
Nepal presented an updated Nationally
Determined Contribution (NDC) outlining
its ambitious emission reduction targets
and adaptation plans. This NDC reflected
Nepal's commitment to contributing to
global efforts to combat climate change.
The updated NDC aims to reduce
emissions by 45% by 2030 compared to
2015 levels and includes a detailed
roadmap for achieving this target.
Sharing Best Practices:
Nepal showcased its successful climate
action initiatives, including the National
Adaptation Plan (NAP) and the Local
Adaptation Plans of Action (LAPAs). This
allowed Nepal to share its valuable
experiences and inspire other nations to
implement similar strategies. These plans
provide a comprehensive framework for
adapting to the impacts of climate change
at national and local levels.
Demonstrating
Leadership:
Nepal earned recognition for its leadership
role in advocating for mountain issues and
its commitment to a sustainable future.
This recognition highlighted Nepal's
impactful role in the global climate action
landscape.
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16. C. SECURING CLIMATE FINANCE:
Engaging with
International Partners:
Nepal actively engaged with international
partners, including developed countries
and multilateral institutions, to secure
financial support for its climate action
efforts. This engagement was crucial to
bridge the funding gap and ensure the
successful implementation of Nepal's
climate agenda. Such as the World Bank,
the Green Climate Fund, and bilateral
donors, to secure financial support for its
climate action efforts.
Highlighting Financial
Needs:
Nepal consistently highlighted the
significant financial resources needed to
implement its ambitious climate goals.
This included emphasizing the need for
additional support from developed
countries to fulfill their climate finance
commitments.
Advocating for Equity
and Fairness:
Nepal stressed the need for equitable and
fair distribution of climate finance,
ensuring that developing countries receive
adequate support based on their
vulnerabilities and adaptation needs.
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17. D. FOSTERING PARTNERSHIPS:
Collaboration with
NGOs and Development
Agencies:
Nepal continued its collaboration with
various international organizations,
including NGOs and development
agencies, to accelerate climate action
efforts. This collaboration allowed Nepal
to access technical expertise and
resources, further strengthening its
capacity to address climate change.
Strengthening Local
Partnerships:
Nepal emphasized the importance of local
partnerships and community-based
initiatives in building climate resilience.
This involved engaging local communities
in climate action planning and
implementation, ensuring ownership and
sustainability of projects.
Sharing Knowledge and
Expertise:
Nepal actively participated in knowledge-
sharing platforms to share its experiences
and learn from other nations. This
collaborative approach promoted
innovation and facilitated the exchange of
best practices in climate action.
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18. E. ENGAGING YOUTH AND COMMUNITIES:
Platform for Youth
Voices:
Nepal actively involved youth in various
discussions and events, recognizing their
crucial role in climate action. This
included youth participation in side
events, panel discussions, and
negotiations, providing a platform for their
voices to be heard. Nepal provided a
platform for youth voices and actively
involved young people in various
discussions and events at COP 28.
Community-Based
Initiatives:
Nepal highlighted the importance of
community-based adaptation initiatives in
empowering local communities to adapt to
the impacts of climate change. This
included initiatives focusing on climate-
smart agriculture, disaster risk reduction,
and sustainable livelihoods.
Raising Awareness and
Building Capacity:
Nepal organized various awareness-raising
and capacity-building initiatives to engage
communities in climate action. This
involved workshops, training programs,
and public awareness campaigns, aimed at
equipping communities with the
knowledge and skills necessary to adapt to
climate change.
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19. F. RECOGNITION AND IMPACT:
Global Recognition:
Nepal's leadership on climate change
issues and its active participation at COP
28 contributed significantly to raising
awareness about the unique challenges
faced by mountainous regions and the
need for global action. Nepal was
recognized as a global leader in mountain
climate action at COP 28, highlighting its
achievements and inspiring other
countries.
Mobilizing Resources:
Nepal's engagement with international
partners resulted in increased financial
commitments and support for its climate
action efforts.
Sharing Best Practices:
Nepal's successful climate initiatives and
best practices served as an inspiration for
other developing countries.
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Building Momentum:
Nepal's contributions to COP 28 helped to
build momentum for global action on
climate change and contributed to the
successful outcome of the conference.
Successful pavilion:
For the first time, Nepal had its own
pavilion at COP28. The pavilion
showcased Nepal's progress on climate
action, highlighted its climate
vulnerabilities, and promoted its priorities
for international cooperation.

20. SPECIFIC EXAMPLES AND ACHIEVEMENTS
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Quantifiable Outcomes and Achievements:
• Nepal secured over USD 500 million in climate finance commitments from
international partners.
• The updated NDC aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 45% by 2030
compared to 2015 levels.
• Over 100 Local Adaptation Plans of Action were developed and implemented
in vulnerable communities across Nepal.
• Renewable energy generation capacity increased by 20% in the last two years.
• Over 50,000 farmers were trained on climate-smart agricultural practices.
• Nepal was recognized as a global leader in mountain climate action at COP 28.

21. SPECIFIC EXAMPLES AND ACHIEVEMENTS
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Lessons Learned and Recommendations:
• Nepal's experience at COP 28 highlighted the importance of strong political leadership and
commitment to climate action.
• Effective communication and advocacy are crucial for mobilizing international support and
resources.
• Collaborative partnerships between governments, NGOs, and development agencies are
essential for successful implementation of climate action initiatives.
• Empowering local communities and integrating their perspectives into climate planning and
decision-making processes is critical for building long-term resilience.
• Investing in climate-smart technologies and innovative solutions is necessary for achieving
ambitious emission reduction targets and adapting to the impacts of climate change.

22. SPECIFIC EXAMPLES AND ACHIEVEMENTS
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Future Outlook and Next Steps:
• Nepal will continue to implement its updated NDC and strive to achieve its
ambitious climate goals.
• Nepal will actively participate in international climate negotiations and
advocate for the interests of mountain regions.
• Nepal will continue to build partnerships and secure financial resources to
support its climate action efforts.
• Nepal will share its experiences and knowledge with other countries,
particularly those in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region, to promote regional
cooperation and accelerate climate action.

23. CONCLUSION
Overall, Nepal's participation in COP 28 demonstrated its unwavering commitment to addressing climate
change despite its vulnerabilities. Its leadership in advocating for mountain issues, its ambitious climate goals,
and its collaborative approach were recognized and appreciated by the international community. By
showcasing its achievements and aspirations, Nepal effectively positioned itself as a leader in the global fight
against climate change. Its continued commitment and action will be crucial in building a more sustainable
future for the country and the planet. Beyond these specific contributions, Nepal's presence at COP 28 also
served as a powerful symbol of hope and resilience. As a nation facing significant climate challenges, Nepal's
commitment and progress demonstrated that even the most vulnerable countries can take meaningful action
towards a sustainable future. The country effectively showcased its leadership, ambition, and progress in the
fight against climate change. Nepal's contributions have earned international recognition and have positioned
it as a key player in the global climate action movement.
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24. PHOTOS
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Round table discussion on Nepal’s preparation for #COP28

25. PHOTOS
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PM leaving for COP28. PM Addressing in COP28

26. PHOTOS
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PM Addressing in COP28

27. PHOTOS
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"Mountain women need support for resilient agriculture and
adopting renewable technologies at home and on farms."Tashi
Sherpa, Vice Chair of Khumbu Pasang Lamu Rural Municipality,
Everest Region, Nepal
WorldBank & ADB have joined hands for the sustainable
development of Nepal’s hydropower sector. The MOU signed
today on sidelines of COP28 lays the foundation for closer
partnerships in the sector to support Nepal's green & inclusive
growth.

28. PHOTOS
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“Urban Wisdom: Indigenous knowledge and governance of future cities”Dr Rajwant Singh of the Sikh
Organisation, Umesh Balal Magar from Nepal and Chief Dr Doliwura Zakaria from Ghana

29. PHOTOS
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'While we achieved a lot of successes in the Nepal water sector, we have a lot of crises thanks to climate
change. Women, youth & people with disabilities are at the forefront of most crises.'
Message from Umesh Balal Magar of Nepal Water Conservation Foundation

30. HARISH SINGH BIST 30

31. THANK YOU
HARISH SINGH BIST
harishsinghbist09@gmail.com
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